NRSG 100 Final Exam Review
Questions and Answers35
Addressing spiritual needs - ANSWERS-Most pts require some form of spiritual care. Comfort in
support received from religious faith. Help obtain the services of clergy or pastoral care workers
as the situation indicates. Meet the needs of family
Spiritual Distress: - ANSWERS-an alteration in spiritual health (spiritual pain, alienation, anxiety,
guilt, anger, loss, despair) Impaired ability to experience and integrate meaning and purpose in
life through one's connectedness with self, others, art, music, literature, nature or a power
greater than oneself.
Spiritual Need: - ANSWERS-lack of anything necessary for spiritual health (eg. meaning,
purpose, love, relatedness, forgiveness)
Assessing Spiritual needs with a nursing history: - ANSWERS-H: Sources of hope, meaning,
comfort, strength peace, love and connection. O: Organized religion P: personal spirituality and
practice E: effects on medical care and end-of-life issues
Spiritual Distress Observation: - ANSWERS-Problems of spiritual distress do not surface until
well after a pts admission history and examination. Significant behavioral observations include
sudden changes in spiritual practices, mood changes, sudden interest in spiritual matters, and
disturbed sleep.
Enhance spiritual health: - ANSWERS-show you value this by being sensitive to the role that
spiritual beliefs play in influencing both a person's thoughts about self and the world and one's
interactions with the world. Addressing spiritual distress. Implementing spiritual care: nurses
work closely with other spiritual caregivers, well timed referrals to a professional may be the
most important intervention. Keep professional boundaries:
,Keep spiritual history pt centered: - ANSWERS-Recognize pastoral care professionals as experts
in this field and consult appropriately. Proselytizing is never acceptable. More in depth
counseling should be under the direction of the chaplains. Praying with pts should not be
initiated by the nurse unless there is no pastoral care available and the pt requests it. The nurse
can stand in silence as the pt prays in their tradition.
Offer supportive or healing presence: - ANSWERS-create a hospitable and sacred space in which
patients can share their vulnerabilities without fear. Communicate value and respect.
Facilitate the practice of religion - ANSWERS-Arrange for pts minister, priest, or rabbi to visit,
Promote meaning and purpose, Promote love and relatedness, Promote forgiveness, Pray with
pts.
Resolve conflicts between spiritual beliefs and treatments: - ANSWERS-help pt obtain
information needed to make an informed decision. Maintain objectivity.
Standards of Nursing Practice - ANSWERS-Using the nursing process to make ethical decisions,
Assess the situation (gather data), Diagnose (identify) the ethical problem, Plan, Implement
your decision, Evaluate your decision
Evidence based nursing: - ANSWERS-A problem-solving approach to making clinical decisions,
using the best evidence available. Blends both the science and art of nursing to achieve the best
patient outcomes
How to implement EBP Nursing: - ANSWERS-Ask a question about a clinical are of interest or an
interventions (PICO patient/population or problem, intervention of interest, comparison of
interest, & outcome of interest). Collect the most relevant and best evidence. Critically appraise
the evidence. Integrate the evidence with clinical expertise, patient preferences, and values in
making a decision to change. Evaluate the practice decision or change
Health is - ANSWERS-Dynamic, Unique to the individual, Relative to the wellness-illness
continuum, More than the absence of disease
,Health: - ANSWERS-Health is individually defined, State of complete physical, mental, & social
well-being & not just the absence of disease
Wellness: - ANSWERS-"active state" of being healthy, good physical, mental, & emotional health
Illness: - ANSWERS-Response of the person to a disease, individually defined
Acute Illness - - ANSWERS-rapid onset of symptoms & lasts only a relatively short time
Stage I of Acute illness- - ANSWERS-Experiencing symptoms
Stage 2 of Acute illness - - ANSWERS-Assuming the sick role
Stage 3 of Acute illness - - ANSWERS-Assuming a dependent role
Stage 4 of Acute illness - - ANSWERS-Achieving recovery & rehabilitation
Chronic Illness - - ANSWERS-Usually have a slow onset and may have periods of remission and
exacerbation. Encompasses many different physical & mental alterations in health with 1 or
more of the following characteristics of Chronic illness It is a permanent change, It causes, or is
caused by, irreversible alterations in normal anatomy & physiology, It requires special education
for rehabilitation, It requires a long period of care or support
Maslow's hierarchy of needs (Top to bottom) - ANSWERS-Self-actualization, Self-esteem, Love
and Belonging, Safety & Security, Physiologic
, Nurses can apply Maslow's hierarchy in - ANSWERS-assessment, diagnosing nurse problems,
planning care, implementation of care, & evaluation of patient care.
Maslow's can be used with patients at - ANSWERS-any age, in any setting, & in both health &
illness.
Maslow's helps the nurse identify - ANSWERS-unmet needs as they become healthcare needs.
How is culture learned? - ANSWERS-Learned by each new generation through both formal and
informal life experiences
Culture Diversity: - ANSWERS-Includes, but is not limited to, people of varying cultural
background, racial and ethnic origin, religion, language, physical size, gender, sexual orientation,
age, disability, socioeconomic status, occupational status, & geographic location
Culture: - ANSWERS-A shared system of beliefs, values, and behavioral expectations that
provides social structure for daily living.
Culture characteristics - ANSWERS-influences health care, Helps shape what is acceptable
behavior for people in a specific group. May evolve over time, but mainly remain constant as
long as they satisfy a group's needs. Influences the way people of a group view themselves,
have expectations, and behave in response to certain situations.
Cultural assimilation: - ANSWERS-a minority group adapting to a larger group and taking on
their values.
Culture shock: - ANSWERS-a major change of norms (rural to city life)
Stereotyping: - ANSWERS-Applying blanket statements of likeness to a whole group
Questions and Answers35
Addressing spiritual needs - ANSWERS-Most pts require some form of spiritual care. Comfort in
support received from religious faith. Help obtain the services of clergy or pastoral care workers
as the situation indicates. Meet the needs of family
Spiritual Distress: - ANSWERS-an alteration in spiritual health (spiritual pain, alienation, anxiety,
guilt, anger, loss, despair) Impaired ability to experience and integrate meaning and purpose in
life through one's connectedness with self, others, art, music, literature, nature or a power
greater than oneself.
Spiritual Need: - ANSWERS-lack of anything necessary for spiritual health (eg. meaning,
purpose, love, relatedness, forgiveness)
Assessing Spiritual needs with a nursing history: - ANSWERS-H: Sources of hope, meaning,
comfort, strength peace, love and connection. O: Organized religion P: personal spirituality and
practice E: effects on medical care and end-of-life issues
Spiritual Distress Observation: - ANSWERS-Problems of spiritual distress do not surface until
well after a pts admission history and examination. Significant behavioral observations include
sudden changes in spiritual practices, mood changes, sudden interest in spiritual matters, and
disturbed sleep.
Enhance spiritual health: - ANSWERS-show you value this by being sensitive to the role that
spiritual beliefs play in influencing both a person's thoughts about self and the world and one's
interactions with the world. Addressing spiritual distress. Implementing spiritual care: nurses
work closely with other spiritual caregivers, well timed referrals to a professional may be the
most important intervention. Keep professional boundaries:
,Keep spiritual history pt centered: - ANSWERS-Recognize pastoral care professionals as experts
in this field and consult appropriately. Proselytizing is never acceptable. More in depth
counseling should be under the direction of the chaplains. Praying with pts should not be
initiated by the nurse unless there is no pastoral care available and the pt requests it. The nurse
can stand in silence as the pt prays in their tradition.
Offer supportive or healing presence: - ANSWERS-create a hospitable and sacred space in which
patients can share their vulnerabilities without fear. Communicate value and respect.
Facilitate the practice of religion - ANSWERS-Arrange for pts minister, priest, or rabbi to visit,
Promote meaning and purpose, Promote love and relatedness, Promote forgiveness, Pray with
pts.
Resolve conflicts between spiritual beliefs and treatments: - ANSWERS-help pt obtain
information needed to make an informed decision. Maintain objectivity.
Standards of Nursing Practice - ANSWERS-Using the nursing process to make ethical decisions,
Assess the situation (gather data), Diagnose (identify) the ethical problem, Plan, Implement
your decision, Evaluate your decision
Evidence based nursing: - ANSWERS-A problem-solving approach to making clinical decisions,
using the best evidence available. Blends both the science and art of nursing to achieve the best
patient outcomes
How to implement EBP Nursing: - ANSWERS-Ask a question about a clinical are of interest or an
interventions (PICO patient/population or problem, intervention of interest, comparison of
interest, & outcome of interest). Collect the most relevant and best evidence. Critically appraise
the evidence. Integrate the evidence with clinical expertise, patient preferences, and values in
making a decision to change. Evaluate the practice decision or change
Health is - ANSWERS-Dynamic, Unique to the individual, Relative to the wellness-illness
continuum, More than the absence of disease
,Health: - ANSWERS-Health is individually defined, State of complete physical, mental, & social
well-being & not just the absence of disease
Wellness: - ANSWERS-"active state" of being healthy, good physical, mental, & emotional health
Illness: - ANSWERS-Response of the person to a disease, individually defined
Acute Illness - - ANSWERS-rapid onset of symptoms & lasts only a relatively short time
Stage I of Acute illness- - ANSWERS-Experiencing symptoms
Stage 2 of Acute illness - - ANSWERS-Assuming the sick role
Stage 3 of Acute illness - - ANSWERS-Assuming a dependent role
Stage 4 of Acute illness - - ANSWERS-Achieving recovery & rehabilitation
Chronic Illness - - ANSWERS-Usually have a slow onset and may have periods of remission and
exacerbation. Encompasses many different physical & mental alterations in health with 1 or
more of the following characteristics of Chronic illness It is a permanent change, It causes, or is
caused by, irreversible alterations in normal anatomy & physiology, It requires special education
for rehabilitation, It requires a long period of care or support
Maslow's hierarchy of needs (Top to bottom) - ANSWERS-Self-actualization, Self-esteem, Love
and Belonging, Safety & Security, Physiologic
, Nurses can apply Maslow's hierarchy in - ANSWERS-assessment, diagnosing nurse problems,
planning care, implementation of care, & evaluation of patient care.
Maslow's can be used with patients at - ANSWERS-any age, in any setting, & in both health &
illness.
Maslow's helps the nurse identify - ANSWERS-unmet needs as they become healthcare needs.
How is culture learned? - ANSWERS-Learned by each new generation through both formal and
informal life experiences
Culture Diversity: - ANSWERS-Includes, but is not limited to, people of varying cultural
background, racial and ethnic origin, religion, language, physical size, gender, sexual orientation,
age, disability, socioeconomic status, occupational status, & geographic location
Culture: - ANSWERS-A shared system of beliefs, values, and behavioral expectations that
provides social structure for daily living.
Culture characteristics - ANSWERS-influences health care, Helps shape what is acceptable
behavior for people in a specific group. May evolve over time, but mainly remain constant as
long as they satisfy a group's needs. Influences the way people of a group view themselves,
have expectations, and behave in response to certain situations.
Cultural assimilation: - ANSWERS-a minority group adapting to a larger group and taking on
their values.
Culture shock: - ANSWERS-a major change of norms (rural to city life)
Stereotyping: - ANSWERS-Applying blanket statements of likeness to a whole group
