NUR 529 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
Hemostasis - (ANSWER)The process that stops bleeding while maintaining blood flow within the vascular
system.
Vascular Constriction - (ANSWER)Immediate vessel constriction after injury, triggered by endothelin
release and neural reflexes, reducing blood loss and allowing time for platelet plug formation.
Platelet Plug Formation - (ANSWER)The process where platelets adhere to exposed collagen via von
Willebrand factor (vWF), release ADP, thromboxane A₂, and serotonin, and link via fibrinogen bridges to
form a temporary plug.
Coagulation Cascade - (ANSWER)Converts fibrinogen to fibrin, stabilizing the platelet plug through
intrinsic and extrinsic pathways leading to thrombin and fibrin formation.
Intrinsic Pathway - (ANSWER)Activated by blood contact with damaged endothelium.
Extrinsic Pathway - (ANSWER)Triggered by tissue factor (TF) release from injured cells.
Clot retraction and dissolution - (ANSWER)Final step of hemostasis involving fibrinolysis by plasmin.
Thrombocytopenia - (ANSWER)Decreased platelet count leading to bleeding disorders.
Thrombocytopathia - (ANSWER)Dysfunctional platelets causing bleeding disorders.
Petechiae - (ANSWER)Small pinpoint hemorrhages.
Purpura - (ANSWER)Larger, flat, purple areas of bleeding.
Anemia - (ANSWER)A condition characterized by decreased red blood cells (RBCs) or hemoglobin,
leading to reduced oxygen transport.
, NUR 529 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
Microcytic, Hypochromic Anemia - (ANSWER)Characterized by small, pale RBCs, commonly due to iron
deficiency.
Normocytic, Normochromic Anemia - (ANSWER)Normal sized and colored RBCs, variable reticulocyte
count, seen in acute blood loss or chronic disease.
Macrocytic (Megaloblastic) Anemia - (ANSWER)Characterized by large RBCs, often due to B12 or folate
deficiency.
Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) - (ANSWER)Most common anemia worldwide, due to insufficient iron for
hemoglobin synthesis.
Clinical Manifestations of IDA - (ANSWER)Fatigue, pallor, dyspnea, tachycardia, spoon-shaped nails
(koilonychia), glossitis, and pica.
Infectious Mononucleosis - (ANSWER)A viral infection caused by Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), transmitted
via saliva.
Clinical Course of Infectious Mononucleosis - (ANSWER)Incubation of 4-8 weeks, followed by sore
throat, fever, lymphadenopathy, fatigue, and hepatosplenomegaly.
Hodgkin's Lymphoma - (ANSWER)A malignant disorder of lymphoid tissue characterized by Reed-
Sternberg cells.
Reed-Sternberg Cells - (ANSWER)Large, multinucleated B cells found in Hodgkin's Lymphoma.
Painless lymphadenopathy - (ANSWER)Swelling of lymph nodes in the neck, axilla, or groin without pain.
B symptoms - (ANSWER)Symptoms including fever, night sweats, and weight loss.
Hemostasis - (ANSWER)The process that stops bleeding while maintaining blood flow within the vascular
system.
Vascular Constriction - (ANSWER)Immediate vessel constriction after injury, triggered by endothelin
release and neural reflexes, reducing blood loss and allowing time for platelet plug formation.
Platelet Plug Formation - (ANSWER)The process where platelets adhere to exposed collagen via von
Willebrand factor (vWF), release ADP, thromboxane A₂, and serotonin, and link via fibrinogen bridges to
form a temporary plug.
Coagulation Cascade - (ANSWER)Converts fibrinogen to fibrin, stabilizing the platelet plug through
intrinsic and extrinsic pathways leading to thrombin and fibrin formation.
Intrinsic Pathway - (ANSWER)Activated by blood contact with damaged endothelium.
Extrinsic Pathway - (ANSWER)Triggered by tissue factor (TF) release from injured cells.
Clot retraction and dissolution - (ANSWER)Final step of hemostasis involving fibrinolysis by plasmin.
Thrombocytopenia - (ANSWER)Decreased platelet count leading to bleeding disorders.
Thrombocytopathia - (ANSWER)Dysfunctional platelets causing bleeding disorders.
Petechiae - (ANSWER)Small pinpoint hemorrhages.
Purpura - (ANSWER)Larger, flat, purple areas of bleeding.
Anemia - (ANSWER)A condition characterized by decreased red blood cells (RBCs) or hemoglobin,
leading to reduced oxygen transport.
, NUR 529 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
Microcytic, Hypochromic Anemia - (ANSWER)Characterized by small, pale RBCs, commonly due to iron
deficiency.
Normocytic, Normochromic Anemia - (ANSWER)Normal sized and colored RBCs, variable reticulocyte
count, seen in acute blood loss or chronic disease.
Macrocytic (Megaloblastic) Anemia - (ANSWER)Characterized by large RBCs, often due to B12 or folate
deficiency.
Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) - (ANSWER)Most common anemia worldwide, due to insufficient iron for
hemoglobin synthesis.
Clinical Manifestations of IDA - (ANSWER)Fatigue, pallor, dyspnea, tachycardia, spoon-shaped nails
(koilonychia), glossitis, and pica.
Infectious Mononucleosis - (ANSWER)A viral infection caused by Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), transmitted
via saliva.
Clinical Course of Infectious Mononucleosis - (ANSWER)Incubation of 4-8 weeks, followed by sore
throat, fever, lymphadenopathy, fatigue, and hepatosplenomegaly.
Hodgkin's Lymphoma - (ANSWER)A malignant disorder of lymphoid tissue characterized by Reed-
Sternberg cells.
Reed-Sternberg Cells - (ANSWER)Large, multinucleated B cells found in Hodgkin's Lymphoma.
Painless lymphadenopathy - (ANSWER)Swelling of lymph nodes in the neck, axilla, or groin without pain.
B symptoms - (ANSWER)Symptoms including fever, night sweats, and weight loss.
