NURS 6501N- 13 Advanced Pathophysiology: Week 1 Quiz
1. A 13-year-old girl has a karyotype that reveals an absent homologous X chromosome with only a
single X chromosome present. What medical diagnosis will the nurse observe on the chart?Turner
syndrome
2. A 20-year-old pregnant female gives birth to a stillborn child. Autopsy reveals that the fetus has
92 chromosomes. What term may be on the autopsy report to describe this condition?Tetraploidy
3. A nurse is teaching a patient with diabetes how glucose is transported from the blood to the
cell. What type of transport system should the nurse discuss with the patient? Passive-mediated
transport (facilitated diffusion
4. A 15-year-old female is diagnosed with Prader-Willi syndrome. This condition is an example of:
Gene imprinting
5. A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Which of the following will
facilitate his continued muscle performance?Anaerobic glycolysis
6. A patient who has diarrhea receives a hypertonic saline solution intravenously to replace the
sodium and chloride lost in the stool. What effect will this fluid replacement have on cells? Cells will
shrink
7. Which of the following mutations have the most significant effect on protein synthesis?
Frameshift mutation
8. What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an action
potential? Sodium gates open, and sodium rushes into the cell, changing the membrane potential from
negative to positive
9. During childhood, the thymus decreases in size, and this is referred to as __Physiologic__
atrophy.
10. 55-year-old male has swelling of the feet. Which of the following aided in development of
swelling?Na+ movement into the cell
11. A nurse is reviewing the pedigree chart. When checking for a proband, what is the nurse looking
for?The person who is first diagnosed with a genetic disease
12. A 50-year-old male was recently diagnosed with Huntington disease. Transmission of this
disease is associated with:Delayed age of onset
13. The ion transporter that moves Na+ and Ca2+ simultaneously in the same direction is an
example of which of the following types of transport?Symport
14. What principle should the nurse remember when trying to distinguish aging from diseases?It is
difficult to tell the difference because both processes are believed to result from cell injury
15. A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome. His karyotype would reveal which of
the following? XXY
, 16. The student is reviewing functions of the cell. The student would be correct in identifying the
primary function of the nerve cell as:Conductivity
17. A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most of the
genetic information be contained?Nucleous
18. A patient has a heart attack that leads to progressive cell injury that causes cell death with
severe cell swelling and breakdown of organelles. What term would the nurse use to define this
process?Necrosis
19. After a geneticist talks to the patient about being a chromosomal mosaic, the patient asks the
nurse what that means. How should the nurse respond? You may _____ genetic disease(s). Have a mild
form of the
20. A patient wants to know the risk factors for Down syndrome. What is the nurse’s best response?
Pregnancy in women over age 35
21. In teaching a patient with cirrhosis, which information should the nurse include regarding
cholesterol?Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of the erythrocyte, which reduces its ability to
carry oxygen.
22. A nurse is discussing the movement of fluid across the arterial end of capillary membranes into
the interstitial fluid surrounding the capillary. Which process of fluid movement is the nurse describing?
Hydrostatic pressure
23. A group of prison inmates developed tuberculosis following exposure to an infected inmate. On
examination, tissues were soft and granular (like clumped cheese). Which of the following is the most
likely cause? Caseous necrosis
24. A cell is isolated, and electrophysiology studies reveal that the resting membrane potential is –
70 millivolts. The predominant intracellular ion is Na+, and the predominant extracellular ion is K+. With
voltage change, which of the following would result in an action potential?K+ rushing into the cell
25. The early dilation (swelling) of the cell’s endoplasmic reticulum results in:Reduced protein
synthesis
Cause of down syndrome
Question 1
1 out of 1 points
The early dilation (swelling) of the cell’s endoplasmic reticulum results in:
Selected c.
Answer: Reduced protein
synthesis
Correct c.
Answer:
Reduced protein
synthesis
1. A 13-year-old girl has a karyotype that reveals an absent homologous X chromosome with only a
single X chromosome present. What medical diagnosis will the nurse observe on the chart?Turner
syndrome
2. A 20-year-old pregnant female gives birth to a stillborn child. Autopsy reveals that the fetus has
92 chromosomes. What term may be on the autopsy report to describe this condition?Tetraploidy
3. A nurse is teaching a patient with diabetes how glucose is transported from the blood to the
cell. What type of transport system should the nurse discuss with the patient? Passive-mediated
transport (facilitated diffusion
4. A 15-year-old female is diagnosed with Prader-Willi syndrome. This condition is an example of:
Gene imprinting
5. A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Which of the following will
facilitate his continued muscle performance?Anaerobic glycolysis
6. A patient who has diarrhea receives a hypertonic saline solution intravenously to replace the
sodium and chloride lost in the stool. What effect will this fluid replacement have on cells? Cells will
shrink
7. Which of the following mutations have the most significant effect on protein synthesis?
Frameshift mutation
8. What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an action
potential? Sodium gates open, and sodium rushes into the cell, changing the membrane potential from
negative to positive
9. During childhood, the thymus decreases in size, and this is referred to as __Physiologic__
atrophy.
10. 55-year-old male has swelling of the feet. Which of the following aided in development of
swelling?Na+ movement into the cell
11. A nurse is reviewing the pedigree chart. When checking for a proband, what is the nurse looking
for?The person who is first diagnosed with a genetic disease
12. A 50-year-old male was recently diagnosed with Huntington disease. Transmission of this
disease is associated with:Delayed age of onset
13. The ion transporter that moves Na+ and Ca2+ simultaneously in the same direction is an
example of which of the following types of transport?Symport
14. What principle should the nurse remember when trying to distinguish aging from diseases?It is
difficult to tell the difference because both processes are believed to result from cell injury
15. A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome. His karyotype would reveal which of
the following? XXY
, 16. The student is reviewing functions of the cell. The student would be correct in identifying the
primary function of the nerve cell as:Conductivity
17. A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most of the
genetic information be contained?Nucleous
18. A patient has a heart attack that leads to progressive cell injury that causes cell death with
severe cell swelling and breakdown of organelles. What term would the nurse use to define this
process?Necrosis
19. After a geneticist talks to the patient about being a chromosomal mosaic, the patient asks the
nurse what that means. How should the nurse respond? You may _____ genetic disease(s). Have a mild
form of the
20. A patient wants to know the risk factors for Down syndrome. What is the nurse’s best response?
Pregnancy in women over age 35
21. In teaching a patient with cirrhosis, which information should the nurse include regarding
cholesterol?Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of the erythrocyte, which reduces its ability to
carry oxygen.
22. A nurse is discussing the movement of fluid across the arterial end of capillary membranes into
the interstitial fluid surrounding the capillary. Which process of fluid movement is the nurse describing?
Hydrostatic pressure
23. A group of prison inmates developed tuberculosis following exposure to an infected inmate. On
examination, tissues were soft and granular (like clumped cheese). Which of the following is the most
likely cause? Caseous necrosis
24. A cell is isolated, and electrophysiology studies reveal that the resting membrane potential is –
70 millivolts. The predominant intracellular ion is Na+, and the predominant extracellular ion is K+. With
voltage change, which of the following would result in an action potential?K+ rushing into the cell
25. The early dilation (swelling) of the cell’s endoplasmic reticulum results in:Reduced protein
synthesis
Cause of down syndrome
Question 1
1 out of 1 points
The early dilation (swelling) of the cell’s endoplasmic reticulum results in:
Selected c.
Answer: Reduced protein
synthesis
Correct c.
Answer:
Reduced protein
synthesis
