ISM 4212 Exam 1 Questions with Complete
Solutions (Latest 2025).
Data - CORRECT ANSWERS Stored representations of meaningful objects and events
Facts and Figures
Structured Data - CORRECT ANSWERS Numbers, text, dates
Unstructured Data - CORRECT ANSWERS Images, video, documents
Information - CORRECT ANSWERS Data processed to increase knowledge in the user
Data in context
Knowledge - CORRECT ANSWERS Information put into action
What we know
Declarative (what we know), Procedural (how to do something), Tacit (difficult to transfer to another
person), Explicit (readily articulated, codified, accessed and verbalized)
Wisdom - CORRECT ANSWERS The knowledge and experience needed to make sensible
decisions
Database - CORRECT ANSWERS Organized collection of logically related data
,Database Management System (DBMS) - CORRECT ANSWERS Software packages that are
used to manipulate a database
Used to create, maintain, and provide controlled access to user databases
Manages data resources like an operating system manages hardware resources
Metadata - CORRECT ANSWERS Data that describes the properties and context of user data
Data about data
EX: datatype
Data Warehouse - CORRECT ANSWERS Integrated decision support system derived from
various operational databases
Why use a database? - CORRECT ANSWERS Duplicate Data problem
Data Integrity problem
Why we need a database? - CORRECT ANSWERS Size of data
Ease of updating
Accuracy
Security
Redundancy
Importance
, Duplicate Data Problem - CORRECT ANSWERS Waste of space housing same information in
multiple locations
Data Integrity Problem - CORRECT ANSWERS Data changes in one file could cause
inconsistencies in other files
Databases Provide: - CORRECT ANSWERS Central repository of shared data
Data stored in a standardized, convenient form
Data Models - CORRECT ANSWERS Graphical system capturing nature and relationship of
data
Entities - CORRECT ANSWERS Singular noun describing a person, place, object, event, or
concept
EX: Student, customer, order, part
Composed of attributes
Attributes - CORRECT ANSWERS Descriptions of the entity
EX: for a customer: CustomerID, Address, Phone #
Relationships - CORRECT ANSWERS Connections between entities
EX: customer places an order
Used to retrieve desired information from multiple entities
Solutions (Latest 2025).
Data - CORRECT ANSWERS Stored representations of meaningful objects and events
Facts and Figures
Structured Data - CORRECT ANSWERS Numbers, text, dates
Unstructured Data - CORRECT ANSWERS Images, video, documents
Information - CORRECT ANSWERS Data processed to increase knowledge in the user
Data in context
Knowledge - CORRECT ANSWERS Information put into action
What we know
Declarative (what we know), Procedural (how to do something), Tacit (difficult to transfer to another
person), Explicit (readily articulated, codified, accessed and verbalized)
Wisdom - CORRECT ANSWERS The knowledge and experience needed to make sensible
decisions
Database - CORRECT ANSWERS Organized collection of logically related data
,Database Management System (DBMS) - CORRECT ANSWERS Software packages that are
used to manipulate a database
Used to create, maintain, and provide controlled access to user databases
Manages data resources like an operating system manages hardware resources
Metadata - CORRECT ANSWERS Data that describes the properties and context of user data
Data about data
EX: datatype
Data Warehouse - CORRECT ANSWERS Integrated decision support system derived from
various operational databases
Why use a database? - CORRECT ANSWERS Duplicate Data problem
Data Integrity problem
Why we need a database? - CORRECT ANSWERS Size of data
Ease of updating
Accuracy
Security
Redundancy
Importance
, Duplicate Data Problem - CORRECT ANSWERS Waste of space housing same information in
multiple locations
Data Integrity Problem - CORRECT ANSWERS Data changes in one file could cause
inconsistencies in other files
Databases Provide: - CORRECT ANSWERS Central repository of shared data
Data stored in a standardized, convenient form
Data Models - CORRECT ANSWERS Graphical system capturing nature and relationship of
data
Entities - CORRECT ANSWERS Singular noun describing a person, place, object, event, or
concept
EX: Student, customer, order, part
Composed of attributes
Attributes - CORRECT ANSWERS Descriptions of the entity
EX: for a customer: CustomerID, Address, Phone #
Relationships - CORRECT ANSWERS Connections between entities
EX: customer places an order
Used to retrieve desired information from multiple entities
