BIOLOGY (Code No. 044)
Classes XI & XII (2024-25)
The present curriculum provides the students with updated concepts along with an extended
exposure to contemporary areas of the subject. The curriculum also aims at emphasizing the
underlying principles that are common to animals, plants and microorganisms as well as
highlighting the relationship of Biology with other areas of knowledge. The format allows a
simple, clear, sequential flow of concepts. It relates the study of biology to real life through the
developments in use of technology. It links the discoveries and innovations in biology to
everyday life such as environment, industry, health and agriculture. The updated curriculum
also focuses on understanding and application of scientific principles, while ensuring that
ample opportunities and scope for learning and appreciating basic concepts continue to be
available within its framework. The prescribed syllabus is expected to:
promote understanding of basic principles of Biology
encourage learning of emerging knowledge and its relevance to individual and
society
promote rational/scientific attitude towards issues related to population, environment
and development
enhance awareness about environmental issues, problems and their appropriate
solutions
create awareness amongst the learners about diversity in the living organisms
and developing respect for other living beings
appreciate that the most complex biological phenomena are built on essentially
simple processes
It is expected that the students would get an exposure to various branches of Biology in
the curriculum in a more contextual and systematic manner as they study its various units.
BIOLOGY (Code No. 044) COURSE STRUCTURE
CLASS XI (2024 -25)
(THEORY)
Time: 03 Hours Max. Marks: 70
Unit Title Marks
I Diversity of Living Organisms 15
II Structural Organization in Plants and Animals 10
III Cell: Structure and Function 15
IV Plant Physiology 12
V Human Physiology 18
Total 70
, Unit-I Diversity of Living Organisms
Chapter-1: The Living World
Biodiversity; Need for classification; three domains of life; taxonomy and systematics;
concept of species and taxonomical hierarchy; binomial nomenclature
Chapter-2: Biological Classification
Five kingdom classification; Salient features and classification of Monera, Protista and Fungi
into major groups; Lichens, Viruses and Viroids.
Chapter-3: Plant Kingdom
Classification of plants into major groups; Salient and distinguishing features and a few
examples of Algae, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae (Topics excluded –
Angiosperms, Plant Life Cycle and Alternation of Generations)
Chapter-4: Animal Kingdom
Salient features and classification of animals, non-chordates up to phyla level and chordates
up to class level (salient features and at a few examples of each category).
(No live animals or specimen should be displayed.)
Unit-II Structural Organization in Plants and Animals
Chapter-5: Morphology of Flowering Plants
Morphology of different parts of flowering plants: root, stem, leaf, inflorescence, flower, fruit
and seed. Description of family Solanaceae
Chapter-6: Anatomy of Flowering Plants
Anatomy and functions of tissue systems in dicots and monocots.
Chapter-7: Structural Organisation in Animals
Morphology, Anatomy and functions of different systems (digestive, circulatory,respiratory,
nervous and reproductive) of frog.
Unit-III Cell: Structure and Function
Chapter-8: Cell-The Unit of Life
Cell theory and cell as the basic unit of life, structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells; Plant
cell and animal cell; cell envelope; cell membrane, cell wall; cell organelles - structure and
function; endomembrane system, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi bodies, lysosomes, vacuoles,
mitochondria, ribosomes, plastids, microbodies; cytoskeleton, cilia, flagella, centrioles
(ultrastructure and function); nucleus.
Chapter-9: Biomolecules
Chemical constituents of living cells: biomolecules, structure and function of proteins,
carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids; Enzyme - types, properties, enzyme action. (Topics
excluded: Nature of Bond Linking Monomers in a Polymer, Dynamic State of Body
Constituents Concept of Metabolism, Metabolic Basis of Living, The Living State)
Classes XI & XII (2024-25)
The present curriculum provides the students with updated concepts along with an extended
exposure to contemporary areas of the subject. The curriculum also aims at emphasizing the
underlying principles that are common to animals, plants and microorganisms as well as
highlighting the relationship of Biology with other areas of knowledge. The format allows a
simple, clear, sequential flow of concepts. It relates the study of biology to real life through the
developments in use of technology. It links the discoveries and innovations in biology to
everyday life such as environment, industry, health and agriculture. The updated curriculum
also focuses on understanding and application of scientific principles, while ensuring that
ample opportunities and scope for learning and appreciating basic concepts continue to be
available within its framework. The prescribed syllabus is expected to:
promote understanding of basic principles of Biology
encourage learning of emerging knowledge and its relevance to individual and
society
promote rational/scientific attitude towards issues related to population, environment
and development
enhance awareness about environmental issues, problems and their appropriate
solutions
create awareness amongst the learners about diversity in the living organisms
and developing respect for other living beings
appreciate that the most complex biological phenomena are built on essentially
simple processes
It is expected that the students would get an exposure to various branches of Biology in
the curriculum in a more contextual and systematic manner as they study its various units.
BIOLOGY (Code No. 044) COURSE STRUCTURE
CLASS XI (2024 -25)
(THEORY)
Time: 03 Hours Max. Marks: 70
Unit Title Marks
I Diversity of Living Organisms 15
II Structural Organization in Plants and Animals 10
III Cell: Structure and Function 15
IV Plant Physiology 12
V Human Physiology 18
Total 70
, Unit-I Diversity of Living Organisms
Chapter-1: The Living World
Biodiversity; Need for classification; three domains of life; taxonomy and systematics;
concept of species and taxonomical hierarchy; binomial nomenclature
Chapter-2: Biological Classification
Five kingdom classification; Salient features and classification of Monera, Protista and Fungi
into major groups; Lichens, Viruses and Viroids.
Chapter-3: Plant Kingdom
Classification of plants into major groups; Salient and distinguishing features and a few
examples of Algae, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae (Topics excluded –
Angiosperms, Plant Life Cycle and Alternation of Generations)
Chapter-4: Animal Kingdom
Salient features and classification of animals, non-chordates up to phyla level and chordates
up to class level (salient features and at a few examples of each category).
(No live animals or specimen should be displayed.)
Unit-II Structural Organization in Plants and Animals
Chapter-5: Morphology of Flowering Plants
Morphology of different parts of flowering plants: root, stem, leaf, inflorescence, flower, fruit
and seed. Description of family Solanaceae
Chapter-6: Anatomy of Flowering Plants
Anatomy and functions of tissue systems in dicots and monocots.
Chapter-7: Structural Organisation in Animals
Morphology, Anatomy and functions of different systems (digestive, circulatory,respiratory,
nervous and reproductive) of frog.
Unit-III Cell: Structure and Function
Chapter-8: Cell-The Unit of Life
Cell theory and cell as the basic unit of life, structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells; Plant
cell and animal cell; cell envelope; cell membrane, cell wall; cell organelles - structure and
function; endomembrane system, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi bodies, lysosomes, vacuoles,
mitochondria, ribosomes, plastids, microbodies; cytoskeleton, cilia, flagella, centrioles
(ultrastructure and function); nucleus.
Chapter-9: Biomolecules
Chemical constituents of living cells: biomolecules, structure and function of proteins,
carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids; Enzyme - types, properties, enzyme action. (Topics
excluded: Nature of Bond Linking Monomers in a Polymer, Dynamic State of Body
Constituents Concept of Metabolism, Metabolic Basis of Living, The Living State)
