IICRC HST EXAM
At conclusion of HAZCOM training the worker should be able to
answer 4 questions:
Where can I get hazard information?
What are the hazards of the controlled product?
How am I protected from those hazards?
What do I do in the case of an emergency?
Subpart Z
Covers Toxic and Hazardous Substances
Z-1 - lists common chemicals that may be found in workplace. An
employee's exposure to any substance in Table Z-1, the exposure limit
of which is preceded by a "C", shall at no time exceed the exposure
limit given for that substance. An employee's exposure to any
substance in Table Z-1, the exposure limit of which is not preceded by
a "C", shall not exceed the 8-hour TWA given for that substance in
any 8-hour work shift of a 40-hour work week.
Z-2 - adoped from ANSI standards. The substances listed can have
limits expressed as 8-hour TWAs, Ceilings and Peaks.
Z-3 - An employee's exposure to any substance listed in Table Z-3, in
any 8- hour work shift of a 40- hour work week, shall not exceed the
8-hour time weighted average limit given for that substance in the
table.
,Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)
State how long a person can be exposed to airborne contaminants
without respiratory protection.
Threshold Limit Values (TLV)
The average of airborne concentrations of a biological or chemical
agent determined from air samples of the airborne concentrations to
which a worker is exposed in an eight hour work day or work week
Refers to exposure guidelines, established by the American
Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
will address values for chemical substances. Immediately Dangerous
to Life and Health.
Legally allowable concentrations of airborne contaminates
Silica
At least 1.7 million U.S. workers are exposed to respirable crystalline
silica in a variety of industry occupations, including construction,
sandblasting, and mining. Silicosis, an irreversible but preventable
disease, is the illness most closely associated with occupational
exposure to the material, which also is known as silica dust. Some
studies also have linked respirable crystalline silica with risks for lung
cancer and some autoimmune diseases.
Asbestos
The asbestos minerals have a tendency to separate into microscopic-
size particles that can remain in the air and are easily inhaled. Persons
occupationally exposed to asbestos have developed several types of
life-threatening diseases, including lung cancer. Asbestos is a mineral
that is resistant to chemicals, heat and biochemical defenses. The
length of an - 39 - asbestos fiber is approximately 1/5000 of an inch.
,The size and shape allows the fiber to reach the alveoli which is
located in the lower lobes of the lungs. Fibers remain in the lung
tissue or pierce the alveoli and get lodged in the pleura that surround
the lung. The asbestos kills macrophages which lead to scarring
Lead
Overexposure to lead is one of the most common overexposures
found in industry. It is a leading cause of workplace illness. OSHA
has established the reduction of lead exposure to be a high strategic
priority. OSHA's five year strategic plan sets a performance goal of a
15% reduction in the average severity of lead exposure or employee
blood lead levels in selected industries and workplaces. Lead is
commonly added to industrial paints because of its characteristic to
resist corrosion. Industries with particularly high potential exposures
include: construction work involving welding, cutting, brazing,
blasting, etc., on lead paint surfaces; Oral ingestion may represent a
major route of exposure in contaminated workplaces.
(STEL) Short Term Exposure Limit:
The maximum airborne concentration of a biological or chemical
agent to which a worker is exposed in any fifteen minute period
determined from a single sample or a time weighted average of
sequential samples taken during such a period
(CEL) Ceiling Exposure Limit:
The maximum airborne concentration of a biological or chemical
agent to which a worker is exposed at any time.
Vapors
are produced by boiling liquids, heating solvents, melting metals and
burning cellulose materials
, -the gaseous state of a substance that is a solid or a liquid at ambient
temperature and pressure
Gases
are produced by boiling liquids, heating solvents, melting metals and
burning cellulose materials
A substance that is in the gaseous state at ambient temperature and
pressure
Fumes
Are particulate produced by melting metals
Solid particles generated by condensation from the gaseous state
Mists
Liquid particles in a gaseous medium
Smoke
Produced by burning cellulose materials
Aerosols, gases and vapours resulting from incomplete combustion
Particulates
Airborne contaminants other than gases and vapours
Includes: dusts, fumes, mists, fibers, fog, pollen, spores, and smoke
Aerosol
A particulate suspended in a gaseous medium
Biological Hazards
Blood borne Pathogens- HIV, Hepatitis B, C, D and E
At conclusion of HAZCOM training the worker should be able to
answer 4 questions:
Where can I get hazard information?
What are the hazards of the controlled product?
How am I protected from those hazards?
What do I do in the case of an emergency?
Subpart Z
Covers Toxic and Hazardous Substances
Z-1 - lists common chemicals that may be found in workplace. An
employee's exposure to any substance in Table Z-1, the exposure limit
of which is preceded by a "C", shall at no time exceed the exposure
limit given for that substance. An employee's exposure to any
substance in Table Z-1, the exposure limit of which is not preceded by
a "C", shall not exceed the 8-hour TWA given for that substance in
any 8-hour work shift of a 40-hour work week.
Z-2 - adoped from ANSI standards. The substances listed can have
limits expressed as 8-hour TWAs, Ceilings and Peaks.
Z-3 - An employee's exposure to any substance listed in Table Z-3, in
any 8- hour work shift of a 40- hour work week, shall not exceed the
8-hour time weighted average limit given for that substance in the
table.
,Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)
State how long a person can be exposed to airborne contaminants
without respiratory protection.
Threshold Limit Values (TLV)
The average of airborne concentrations of a biological or chemical
agent determined from air samples of the airborne concentrations to
which a worker is exposed in an eight hour work day or work week
Refers to exposure guidelines, established by the American
Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
will address values for chemical substances. Immediately Dangerous
to Life and Health.
Legally allowable concentrations of airborne contaminates
Silica
At least 1.7 million U.S. workers are exposed to respirable crystalline
silica in a variety of industry occupations, including construction,
sandblasting, and mining. Silicosis, an irreversible but preventable
disease, is the illness most closely associated with occupational
exposure to the material, which also is known as silica dust. Some
studies also have linked respirable crystalline silica with risks for lung
cancer and some autoimmune diseases.
Asbestos
The asbestos minerals have a tendency to separate into microscopic-
size particles that can remain in the air and are easily inhaled. Persons
occupationally exposed to asbestos have developed several types of
life-threatening diseases, including lung cancer. Asbestos is a mineral
that is resistant to chemicals, heat and biochemical defenses. The
length of an - 39 - asbestos fiber is approximately 1/5000 of an inch.
,The size and shape allows the fiber to reach the alveoli which is
located in the lower lobes of the lungs. Fibers remain in the lung
tissue or pierce the alveoli and get lodged in the pleura that surround
the lung. The asbestos kills macrophages which lead to scarring
Lead
Overexposure to lead is one of the most common overexposures
found in industry. It is a leading cause of workplace illness. OSHA
has established the reduction of lead exposure to be a high strategic
priority. OSHA's five year strategic plan sets a performance goal of a
15% reduction in the average severity of lead exposure or employee
blood lead levels in selected industries and workplaces. Lead is
commonly added to industrial paints because of its characteristic to
resist corrosion. Industries with particularly high potential exposures
include: construction work involving welding, cutting, brazing,
blasting, etc., on lead paint surfaces; Oral ingestion may represent a
major route of exposure in contaminated workplaces.
(STEL) Short Term Exposure Limit:
The maximum airborne concentration of a biological or chemical
agent to which a worker is exposed in any fifteen minute period
determined from a single sample or a time weighted average of
sequential samples taken during such a period
(CEL) Ceiling Exposure Limit:
The maximum airborne concentration of a biological or chemical
agent to which a worker is exposed at any time.
Vapors
are produced by boiling liquids, heating solvents, melting metals and
burning cellulose materials
, -the gaseous state of a substance that is a solid or a liquid at ambient
temperature and pressure
Gases
are produced by boiling liquids, heating solvents, melting metals and
burning cellulose materials
A substance that is in the gaseous state at ambient temperature and
pressure
Fumes
Are particulate produced by melting metals
Solid particles generated by condensation from the gaseous state
Mists
Liquid particles in a gaseous medium
Smoke
Produced by burning cellulose materials
Aerosols, gases and vapours resulting from incomplete combustion
Particulates
Airborne contaminants other than gases and vapours
Includes: dusts, fumes, mists, fibers, fog, pollen, spores, and smoke
Aerosol
A particulate suspended in a gaseous medium
Biological Hazards
Blood borne Pathogens- HIV, Hepatitis B, C, D and E
