POB UNIVERSITY OF ARKANSAS EXAM 1 SHADWICK QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
Emergent Properties - (ANSWER)a property that a complex system has but the individual members of
the system do not.
example: saltiness, because NaCl is salty not Na or Cl.
-all aspects of life contain emergent properties.
Viruses - (ANSWER)cellular nonliving structures that require a living cell to reproduce (obligate
parasites).
single celled, has an outer capsid that protects nucleic acid core (RNA) , and requires a host cell to
reproduce. have the ability to reproduce, adapt, are organized, respond to stimuli, and acquire energy
and materials.
2 Main Components of Viruses - (ANSWER)Capsid - outer portion comprised of proteins
Nucleic Acid Core (DNA or RNA)
Virus Life Cycle - (ANSWER)Attachment, Entry, Replication, Biosynthesis, Assembly, Building of
Emergence, Repeat
Qualities Of Life - (ANSWER)Living things are organized, acquire materials, reproduce, respond to
stimuli, are homeostatic, grow and develop, have the capacity to adapt.
Individuals do not evolve.
Biosphere - (ANSWER)The sum of all life
Tissue - (ANSWER)a group of cells that perform a particular function
Metabolism - (ANSWER)all of the chemical reactions that occur in a cell
,POB UNIVERSITY OF ARKANSAS EXAM 1 SHADWICK QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
Photosynthesis - (ANSWER)process that transforms solar energy into the chemical energy
Energy - (ANSWER)capacity to do work
Systematics - (ANSWER)study of the evolutionary relationships between organisms
Basic Classifications (most inclusive to lease species) - (ANSWER)Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Order, Class,
Family, Genus, and Species
The 3 Domains - (ANSWER)The largest classification category.
1. Archaea
2. Bacteria
-Both are prokaryotes.
3. Eukarya (4 kingdoms)
Taxonomy - (ANSWER)Discipline of identifying and grouping organisms according to certain rules
Prokatyotes - (ANSWER)lack the membrane bound nucleus found in the cells of eukaryotes in domain
eukarya (found in nucleus)
Kingdoms - (ANSWER)Eukaryotes -
protists, fungi, plants, animals
Protists - (ANSWER)Single Celled Organisms, fewer multicellular species
Fungi - (ANSWER)Familiar molds and mushrooms that help decompose dead organisms
, POB UNIVERSITY OF ARKANSAS EXAM 1 SHADWICK QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
Plants - (ANSWER)multicellular photosynthesizers
Animals - (ANSWER)multicellular and ingest food
Law - (ANSWER)a description of a pattern in nature
Law of Gravity - (ANSWER)objects with mass attracted to each other
Law of Evolution - (ANSWER)life on earth has changed
Theory - (ANSWER)Explanation as to why a pattern (law) exists
Predictive Hypothesis - (ANSWER)Based on theories. Describes what we should see in an experiment to
help us support or refute a theory.
2 Types of Scientific Method - (ANSWER)1. Inductive Reasoning - makes generalization based on
collecting and analyzing large numbers of specific observations. (specific to general)
2. Deductive Reasoning - flows from general premises to predicted and specific rules. (if, then)
Example: "Since humans are organisms they are made up of cells." (general to specific)
Viral Replication - (ANSWER)Hijack a host cell and Manufacture.
1. Attachment; Recognize host cell
2. Entry; RNA/DNA enters cell
3. Replication; They replicate
4. Biosynthesis; manufactures pieces to build viruses
5. Assembly; new viruses emerge
6. Budding; host cell dies
Emergent Properties - (ANSWER)a property that a complex system has but the individual members of
the system do not.
example: saltiness, because NaCl is salty not Na or Cl.
-all aspects of life contain emergent properties.
Viruses - (ANSWER)cellular nonliving structures that require a living cell to reproduce (obligate
parasites).
single celled, has an outer capsid that protects nucleic acid core (RNA) , and requires a host cell to
reproduce. have the ability to reproduce, adapt, are organized, respond to stimuli, and acquire energy
and materials.
2 Main Components of Viruses - (ANSWER)Capsid - outer portion comprised of proteins
Nucleic Acid Core (DNA or RNA)
Virus Life Cycle - (ANSWER)Attachment, Entry, Replication, Biosynthesis, Assembly, Building of
Emergence, Repeat
Qualities Of Life - (ANSWER)Living things are organized, acquire materials, reproduce, respond to
stimuli, are homeostatic, grow and develop, have the capacity to adapt.
Individuals do not evolve.
Biosphere - (ANSWER)The sum of all life
Tissue - (ANSWER)a group of cells that perform a particular function
Metabolism - (ANSWER)all of the chemical reactions that occur in a cell
,POB UNIVERSITY OF ARKANSAS EXAM 1 SHADWICK QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
Photosynthesis - (ANSWER)process that transforms solar energy into the chemical energy
Energy - (ANSWER)capacity to do work
Systematics - (ANSWER)study of the evolutionary relationships between organisms
Basic Classifications (most inclusive to lease species) - (ANSWER)Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Order, Class,
Family, Genus, and Species
The 3 Domains - (ANSWER)The largest classification category.
1. Archaea
2. Bacteria
-Both are prokaryotes.
3. Eukarya (4 kingdoms)
Taxonomy - (ANSWER)Discipline of identifying and grouping organisms according to certain rules
Prokatyotes - (ANSWER)lack the membrane bound nucleus found in the cells of eukaryotes in domain
eukarya (found in nucleus)
Kingdoms - (ANSWER)Eukaryotes -
protists, fungi, plants, animals
Protists - (ANSWER)Single Celled Organisms, fewer multicellular species
Fungi - (ANSWER)Familiar molds and mushrooms that help decompose dead organisms
, POB UNIVERSITY OF ARKANSAS EXAM 1 SHADWICK QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
Plants - (ANSWER)multicellular photosynthesizers
Animals - (ANSWER)multicellular and ingest food
Law - (ANSWER)a description of a pattern in nature
Law of Gravity - (ANSWER)objects with mass attracted to each other
Law of Evolution - (ANSWER)life on earth has changed
Theory - (ANSWER)Explanation as to why a pattern (law) exists
Predictive Hypothesis - (ANSWER)Based on theories. Describes what we should see in an experiment to
help us support or refute a theory.
2 Types of Scientific Method - (ANSWER)1. Inductive Reasoning - makes generalization based on
collecting and analyzing large numbers of specific observations. (specific to general)
2. Deductive Reasoning - flows from general premises to predicted and specific rules. (if, then)
Example: "Since humans are organisms they are made up of cells." (general to specific)
Viral Replication - (ANSWER)Hijack a host cell and Manufacture.
1. Attachment; Recognize host cell
2. Entry; RNA/DNA enters cell
3. Replication; They replicate
4. Biosynthesis; manufactures pieces to build viruses
5. Assembly; new viruses emerge
6. Budding; host cell dies
