Fluoroscopy ARRT Exam Study
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with 100% Correct Clear Answers|
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what mag modes are available? - Answer✅✅if you have a 16" II, you can have
12,9,6, and 4.5 "
Compton effect - Answer✅✅hits the outer electron, incomplete transfer of energy,
electron released and a low energy xray is deflected
photoelectric absorption - Answer✅✅x-ray totally absorbed by inner shell electron,
x-ray overcomes binding energy and knock out the electron and an outer shell
electron takes it place. When the outer electron moves to its new place, a
characteristic x-ray is formed
what is the product of photoelectric absorption? - Answer✅✅electron flying ,
characteristic x-ray, and positive ion
coherent scatter - Answer✅✅aka Thompson scatter, Rayleigh scatter or classical
scatter. x-ray is absorbed by entire atom and is sent off in another direction with no
energy loss
, does coherent scatter result in patient dose? - Answer✅✅No, this reaction only
causes excitation of the atoms shells, but there is not energy transfer nor does the x-
ray lose energy ( isotropic)
what is the chance of coherent scatter occurring? - Answer✅✅5%
attenuation - Answer✅✅the drop of intensity of the beam due to absorption and
scatter
photoelectric interaction is dependent on - Answer✅✅Z^ 3 and 1/E^3
as photon energy increases there is more - Answer✅✅penetration and a decrease
in tissue interactions
Compton is dependent on - Answer✅✅energy level ( the higher it is, the greater
probability of occurrence), electrons/ gram
attenuation equation - Answer✅✅I= Io e^ (-ux)
initial energy x e^( attenuation factor x tissue thickness)= resulting energy
initial energy- resulting energy= absorbed energy
u ( tissue attenuation coeffient) is dependent on - Answer✅✅keV and material
what is the source of free electrons? - Answer✅✅cathode
what is the cathode made of? - Answer✅✅98% tungsten, 1-2% thorium
in what direction are electrons accelerated? - Answer✅✅cathode to anode
how do we focus electron? - Answer✅✅we use a focusing cup made of nickel that
has a greater negative charge. This negative charge repels and squishes the electrons
that are made from thermionic emission
how does deceleration occur in electrons? - Answer✅✅the closer to the nucleus
the electron is, the more attraction there is and as a result it slows down faster.
More energy is transferred to the xray and it has a higher energy as well. If the
electron is far, it wont slow down as much, it will lose less energy and will result in a
low energy electron.
what is the cathode filament made of? - Answer✅✅Tungsten
bremsstrahlung interaction - Answer✅✅99% heat, 1% x-ray
aka braking radiation, cathode electrons hit anode electrons. Electron that are closer
to the nucleus slow down more and lose more energy but create higher energy
electrons. Electrons that are farther away slow down less, lose less energy and
, create low energy x-rays. They retain enough energy to keep having more
interactions
(electrons are more likely to hit the outer rim of the anode)
characteristic interactions - Answer✅✅made 2 ways
1)cathode electrons hit anode electrons
2) PE effect from x-ray to electron interactions
which interactions occur in the tube? - Answer✅✅bremsstralung
what interactions occur in the body? - Answer✅✅PE, Compton, Coherent scatter
what happens when we increase KeV? - Answer✅✅the chance of Compton effect
increases, and the ratio between CS and PE also increases
equations for frequency and wavelength - Answer✅✅c= speed of light= 3x10^8
m/s
Hertz= cycles/s
frequency = speed of light/ wavelength
v = c/ upside down Y
equation for energy - Answer✅✅E= hv
h= 6.62 x 10^-34 Js = 4.15 x 10^-15 eVs
1 eV= 1.6 x 10^-19 Js
quality - Answer✅✅overall energy of the beam
increase mAs= identical quantity
increase kVp= increase quality
increase filtration= increase quality
quantity - Answer✅✅the amount of x-rays, this is directly proportional to mAs
primary radiation - Answer✅✅x-ray beam after it leaves the x-ray tube and before
it reaches the object
remnant radiation - Answer✅✅radiation resulting after the x-ray beam exits the
object
inverse square law - Answer✅✅I1/I2 = D2^2/D1^2
fundamental properties of x-rays - Answer✅✅1) EMR travel in waves at the speed
of light in a certain direction in a straight light
2)can interact with matter
wave particle duality
tissue weighting factors - Answer✅✅relative sensitivity , Wt
Guide| Verified Exam Questions
with 100% Correct Clear Answers|
All Graded A+|Latest Premium
Update|100% Guaranteed Success.
what mag modes are available? - Answer✅✅if you have a 16" II, you can have
12,9,6, and 4.5 "
Compton effect - Answer✅✅hits the outer electron, incomplete transfer of energy,
electron released and a low energy xray is deflected
photoelectric absorption - Answer✅✅x-ray totally absorbed by inner shell electron,
x-ray overcomes binding energy and knock out the electron and an outer shell
electron takes it place. When the outer electron moves to its new place, a
characteristic x-ray is formed
what is the product of photoelectric absorption? - Answer✅✅electron flying ,
characteristic x-ray, and positive ion
coherent scatter - Answer✅✅aka Thompson scatter, Rayleigh scatter or classical
scatter. x-ray is absorbed by entire atom and is sent off in another direction with no
energy loss
, does coherent scatter result in patient dose? - Answer✅✅No, this reaction only
causes excitation of the atoms shells, but there is not energy transfer nor does the x-
ray lose energy ( isotropic)
what is the chance of coherent scatter occurring? - Answer✅✅5%
attenuation - Answer✅✅the drop of intensity of the beam due to absorption and
scatter
photoelectric interaction is dependent on - Answer✅✅Z^ 3 and 1/E^3
as photon energy increases there is more - Answer✅✅penetration and a decrease
in tissue interactions
Compton is dependent on - Answer✅✅energy level ( the higher it is, the greater
probability of occurrence), electrons/ gram
attenuation equation - Answer✅✅I= Io e^ (-ux)
initial energy x e^( attenuation factor x tissue thickness)= resulting energy
initial energy- resulting energy= absorbed energy
u ( tissue attenuation coeffient) is dependent on - Answer✅✅keV and material
what is the source of free electrons? - Answer✅✅cathode
what is the cathode made of? - Answer✅✅98% tungsten, 1-2% thorium
in what direction are electrons accelerated? - Answer✅✅cathode to anode
how do we focus electron? - Answer✅✅we use a focusing cup made of nickel that
has a greater negative charge. This negative charge repels and squishes the electrons
that are made from thermionic emission
how does deceleration occur in electrons? - Answer✅✅the closer to the nucleus
the electron is, the more attraction there is and as a result it slows down faster.
More energy is transferred to the xray and it has a higher energy as well. If the
electron is far, it wont slow down as much, it will lose less energy and will result in a
low energy electron.
what is the cathode filament made of? - Answer✅✅Tungsten
bremsstrahlung interaction - Answer✅✅99% heat, 1% x-ray
aka braking radiation, cathode electrons hit anode electrons. Electron that are closer
to the nucleus slow down more and lose more energy but create higher energy
electrons. Electrons that are farther away slow down less, lose less energy and
, create low energy x-rays. They retain enough energy to keep having more
interactions
(electrons are more likely to hit the outer rim of the anode)
characteristic interactions - Answer✅✅made 2 ways
1)cathode electrons hit anode electrons
2) PE effect from x-ray to electron interactions
which interactions occur in the tube? - Answer✅✅bremsstralung
what interactions occur in the body? - Answer✅✅PE, Compton, Coherent scatter
what happens when we increase KeV? - Answer✅✅the chance of Compton effect
increases, and the ratio between CS and PE also increases
equations for frequency and wavelength - Answer✅✅c= speed of light= 3x10^8
m/s
Hertz= cycles/s
frequency = speed of light/ wavelength
v = c/ upside down Y
equation for energy - Answer✅✅E= hv
h= 6.62 x 10^-34 Js = 4.15 x 10^-15 eVs
1 eV= 1.6 x 10^-19 Js
quality - Answer✅✅overall energy of the beam
increase mAs= identical quantity
increase kVp= increase quality
increase filtration= increase quality
quantity - Answer✅✅the amount of x-rays, this is directly proportional to mAs
primary radiation - Answer✅✅x-ray beam after it leaves the x-ray tube and before
it reaches the object
remnant radiation - Answer✅✅radiation resulting after the x-ray beam exits the
object
inverse square law - Answer✅✅I1/I2 = D2^2/D1^2
fundamental properties of x-rays - Answer✅✅1) EMR travel in waves at the speed
of light in a certain direction in a straight light
2)can interact with matter
wave particle duality
tissue weighting factors - Answer✅✅relative sensitivity , Wt
