ANAT 1500 TEST 2 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2025/2026
skeletal system - Answers gives our bodies structure and protects major organs like the heart,
lungs, and brain
porosity - Answers A measure of the percentage of pores (open spaces) in a material.
cancellous bone - Answers -large pores/openings(spongy)
-lattice-like framework
-trabeculae
compact bone - Answers -hard
-dense bone tissue that is beneath the outer membrane of a bone
haversian system of compact bone - Answers -osteon
-rings are called "lamella"
-where blood vessels and lymphatic run through
long bone - Answers -longer than they are wide
-spongy ends
-mostly compact bone
long bone examples - Answers humerus (arm)
ulna (arm)
radius (arm)
femur (leg)
tibia (below the knee)
fibula (below the knee)
short bones - Answers -cube shaped bones
-wide, deep as they are tall
-mostly spongy bone
short bones examples - Answers - carpals (wrist)
,- tarsals (ankle)
flat bones - Answers -thin, flat
-curved
-two thin layers of compact bone w/ spongy bones btwn them
flat bones examples - Answers ribs, sternum
sesamoid bones - Answers small bones embedded in a tendon
- sesame seed shape
sesamoid bone example - Answers patella: knee cap
Which bone is a part of the appendicular skeleton? - Answers scapula
irregular bone - Answers -irregular shape
-processes and divots
irregular bone examples - Answers vertebrae, hip bones
parts of a long bone - Answers epiphysis , epiphyseal disc, diaphysis, articular cartilage,
endosteum, periosteum
epiphysis - Answers -end of a long bone
-mostly spongy
epiphysis disc - Answers -growth plate
-cartilage to compact bone
diaphysis - Answers -shaft of a long bone
-compact
-surrounded by epiphysis
articular cartilage - Answers -covers the surfaces of bones where they come together to form
joints
-hyaline cartilage
endosteum - Answers -inside bone
- smooth lining within the cavity
, periosteum - Answers -surrounds entire bone
-covers all surfaces not covered by articular cartilage
-tough fibrous tissue
bone matrix - Answers -composed of calcium salts
-2/3 is calcium phosphate
-1/3 is calcium hydroxide
-osteocytes within lacunae
name 3 bone cells - Answers osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts
osteoblast - Answers bone-forming cell
osteoclast - Answers reabsorb or breakdown bone
osteocytes - Answers mature bone cells
red bone marrow - Answers -produces blood cells
-rbc formation
- found in spongy bone
yellow bone marrow - Answers -fatty tissue found in the medullary cavity
-fat storage
name 3 blood cells (red bone marrow) - Answers -rbc: erythrocytes
-wbc: leukocytes
-platelets: thrombocytes
RBC : erythrocytes - Answers involved in the transport of oxygen and sometimes carbon dioxide
WBC: leukocytes - Answers -immune response
-fights disease
platelets: thrombocytes - Answers -blood clotting
-cell fragments
function of bone - Answers support, protection, movement, storage, blood cell production
skeletal system - Answers gives our bodies structure and protects major organs like the heart,
lungs, and brain
porosity - Answers A measure of the percentage of pores (open spaces) in a material.
cancellous bone - Answers -large pores/openings(spongy)
-lattice-like framework
-trabeculae
compact bone - Answers -hard
-dense bone tissue that is beneath the outer membrane of a bone
haversian system of compact bone - Answers -osteon
-rings are called "lamella"
-where blood vessels and lymphatic run through
long bone - Answers -longer than they are wide
-spongy ends
-mostly compact bone
long bone examples - Answers humerus (arm)
ulna (arm)
radius (arm)
femur (leg)
tibia (below the knee)
fibula (below the knee)
short bones - Answers -cube shaped bones
-wide, deep as they are tall
-mostly spongy bone
short bones examples - Answers - carpals (wrist)
,- tarsals (ankle)
flat bones - Answers -thin, flat
-curved
-two thin layers of compact bone w/ spongy bones btwn them
flat bones examples - Answers ribs, sternum
sesamoid bones - Answers small bones embedded in a tendon
- sesame seed shape
sesamoid bone example - Answers patella: knee cap
Which bone is a part of the appendicular skeleton? - Answers scapula
irregular bone - Answers -irregular shape
-processes and divots
irregular bone examples - Answers vertebrae, hip bones
parts of a long bone - Answers epiphysis , epiphyseal disc, diaphysis, articular cartilage,
endosteum, periosteum
epiphysis - Answers -end of a long bone
-mostly spongy
epiphysis disc - Answers -growth plate
-cartilage to compact bone
diaphysis - Answers -shaft of a long bone
-compact
-surrounded by epiphysis
articular cartilage - Answers -covers the surfaces of bones where they come together to form
joints
-hyaline cartilage
endosteum - Answers -inside bone
- smooth lining within the cavity
, periosteum - Answers -surrounds entire bone
-covers all surfaces not covered by articular cartilage
-tough fibrous tissue
bone matrix - Answers -composed of calcium salts
-2/3 is calcium phosphate
-1/3 is calcium hydroxide
-osteocytes within lacunae
name 3 bone cells - Answers osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts
osteoblast - Answers bone-forming cell
osteoclast - Answers reabsorb or breakdown bone
osteocytes - Answers mature bone cells
red bone marrow - Answers -produces blood cells
-rbc formation
- found in spongy bone
yellow bone marrow - Answers -fatty tissue found in the medullary cavity
-fat storage
name 3 blood cells (red bone marrow) - Answers -rbc: erythrocytes
-wbc: leukocytes
-platelets: thrombocytes
RBC : erythrocytes - Answers involved in the transport of oxygen and sometimes carbon dioxide
WBC: leukocytes - Answers -immune response
-fights disease
platelets: thrombocytes - Answers -blood clotting
-cell fragments
function of bone - Answers support, protection, movement, storage, blood cell production
