WGU PATHOPHYSIOLOGY D236 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
Describe how your body responds to an infection. - (ANSWER)T cells produce cytokines, which stimulate
B cells. B cells produce antibodies.
Identify role of DNA changes in congenital abnormalities. - (ANSWER)Mutations in genes or
chromosomal abnormalities
How does development disrupts congenital abnormalities? - (ANSWER)Alterations of DNA
Describes factors that disrupt homeostasis and how disruptions affect wellbeing. - (ANSWER)(ex) Fluid
and electrolyte shifts can cause n/v or dysrhythmias.
Explain RAAS - (ANSWER)Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
1. Reduce blood flow causes kidneys to release renin
> produce angiotensin I > converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II > vasoconstriction > release
aldosterone > kidneys conserve sodium and water > Result less water lost in urine and blood pressure
maintained.
DKA - (ANSWER)increased anion gap, decreased HCO3
How do kidneys compensate for alkalosis - (ANSWER)retain H and excrete HCO3
Untreated acidosis leads to an increase in which electrolyte? - (ANSWER)Potassium
West Nile Virus - (ANSWER)Transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito. Severe signs and
symptoms; high fever, headache and stiff neck
Lyme disease - (ANSWER)Tick-borne disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi.
Erythema infectiosum - (ANSWER)a febrile upper respiratory illness in a child followed by the sudden
appearance of red, flushed cheeks, "fifth disease"
,WGU PATHOPHYSIOLOGY D236 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
Obesity ad diabetes are risk factors for having a child with _____. - (ANSWER)Spina bifida
Trousseau's sign - (ANSWER)arm/carpal spasm associated with hypocalcemia
Cause and sign of spina bifida - (ANSWER)results from failure of neural tube to close. sign - fluid filled sac
on lower back.
hemophilia is more common in - (ANSWER)males
Prenatal exposure to alcohol includes - (ANSWER)ND-PAE, decreased brain function, FAS
Connective vs muscle tissue disorders - (ANSWER)Connective- RA, Scleroderma, Lupus
Muscle - MS, Muscular dystrophy, Myasthenia Gravia
Describe Lupus - (ANSWER)Inflammatory disorder characterized by joint pain and butterfly rash
Describe Myasthenia Gravis - (ANSWER)It is an autoimmune disorder where antibodies attack own Ach
receptors. This causes weakness of skeletal muscles over the course of the day, along with ptosis,
double vision, and difficulty swallowing.
dermatitis - (ANSWER)inflammation of the skin
eczema - (ANSWER)noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness, blisters, scabs,
and itching
decubitus ulcer - (ANSWER)sore caused by lying down for long periods of time
, WGU PATHOPHYSIOLOGY D236 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
Fungal infections - (ANSWER)superficial, localized skin conditions or deep tissue infections caused by
exposure to spores
may or may not be transmitted
benign neoplasm - (ANSWER)noncancerous growths, stationary, distinct borders
malignant neoplasm - (ANSWER)uncontrolled new tissue growth, irregular borders, spreads
Osteoporosis - (ANSWER)The loss of bone mass often due to age, causing the bones to become porous,
brittle, and easily fractured.
osteomalacia - (ANSWER)disease marked by softening of the bone caused by calcium and vitamin D
deficiency
myoglobin - (ANSWER)red pigment that stores oxygen in muscle cells
Bursa - (ANSWER)fluid-filled sac that allows for easy movement of one part of a joint over another
Rickets - (ANSWER)a vitamin D deficiency in children, resulting in soft bones
Degenerative disk disease - (ANSWER)A condition in which an intervertebral disk loses its normal
structural integrity as a result of wear and tear, acute or repeated injuries or aging
Paget disease - (ANSWER)Chronic inflammation of bones, resulting in thickening and softening of bones,
that can occur in any bone but most commonly affects the long bones of the legs, the lower spine, the
pelvis, and the skull
communiuted fracture - (ANSWER)splintered into many pieces
Describe how your body responds to an infection. - (ANSWER)T cells produce cytokines, which stimulate
B cells. B cells produce antibodies.
Identify role of DNA changes in congenital abnormalities. - (ANSWER)Mutations in genes or
chromosomal abnormalities
How does development disrupts congenital abnormalities? - (ANSWER)Alterations of DNA
Describes factors that disrupt homeostasis and how disruptions affect wellbeing. - (ANSWER)(ex) Fluid
and electrolyte shifts can cause n/v or dysrhythmias.
Explain RAAS - (ANSWER)Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
1. Reduce blood flow causes kidneys to release renin
> produce angiotensin I > converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II > vasoconstriction > release
aldosterone > kidneys conserve sodium and water > Result less water lost in urine and blood pressure
maintained.
DKA - (ANSWER)increased anion gap, decreased HCO3
How do kidneys compensate for alkalosis - (ANSWER)retain H and excrete HCO3
Untreated acidosis leads to an increase in which electrolyte? - (ANSWER)Potassium
West Nile Virus - (ANSWER)Transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito. Severe signs and
symptoms; high fever, headache and stiff neck
Lyme disease - (ANSWER)Tick-borne disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi.
Erythema infectiosum - (ANSWER)a febrile upper respiratory illness in a child followed by the sudden
appearance of red, flushed cheeks, "fifth disease"
,WGU PATHOPHYSIOLOGY D236 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
Obesity ad diabetes are risk factors for having a child with _____. - (ANSWER)Spina bifida
Trousseau's sign - (ANSWER)arm/carpal spasm associated with hypocalcemia
Cause and sign of spina bifida - (ANSWER)results from failure of neural tube to close. sign - fluid filled sac
on lower back.
hemophilia is more common in - (ANSWER)males
Prenatal exposure to alcohol includes - (ANSWER)ND-PAE, decreased brain function, FAS
Connective vs muscle tissue disorders - (ANSWER)Connective- RA, Scleroderma, Lupus
Muscle - MS, Muscular dystrophy, Myasthenia Gravia
Describe Lupus - (ANSWER)Inflammatory disorder characterized by joint pain and butterfly rash
Describe Myasthenia Gravis - (ANSWER)It is an autoimmune disorder where antibodies attack own Ach
receptors. This causes weakness of skeletal muscles over the course of the day, along with ptosis,
double vision, and difficulty swallowing.
dermatitis - (ANSWER)inflammation of the skin
eczema - (ANSWER)noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness, blisters, scabs,
and itching
decubitus ulcer - (ANSWER)sore caused by lying down for long periods of time
, WGU PATHOPHYSIOLOGY D236 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
Fungal infections - (ANSWER)superficial, localized skin conditions or deep tissue infections caused by
exposure to spores
may or may not be transmitted
benign neoplasm - (ANSWER)noncancerous growths, stationary, distinct borders
malignant neoplasm - (ANSWER)uncontrolled new tissue growth, irregular borders, spreads
Osteoporosis - (ANSWER)The loss of bone mass often due to age, causing the bones to become porous,
brittle, and easily fractured.
osteomalacia - (ANSWER)disease marked by softening of the bone caused by calcium and vitamin D
deficiency
myoglobin - (ANSWER)red pigment that stores oxygen in muscle cells
Bursa - (ANSWER)fluid-filled sac that allows for easy movement of one part of a joint over another
Rickets - (ANSWER)a vitamin D deficiency in children, resulting in soft bones
Degenerative disk disease - (ANSWER)A condition in which an intervertebral disk loses its normal
structural integrity as a result of wear and tear, acute or repeated injuries or aging
Paget disease - (ANSWER)Chronic inflammation of bones, resulting in thickening and softening of bones,
that can occur in any bone but most commonly affects the long bones of the legs, the lower spine, the
pelvis, and the skull
communiuted fracture - (ANSWER)splintered into many pieces
