ARRT Radiography Exam Review Question with complete solution 2023
This is used to define the amount of energy absorbed per unit mass of
tissue. - correct answer Absorbed Dose
Absorbed dose is measured in ________. - correct answer Gray (Gyᵗ)
This is used to define the product of absorbed dose (Gy) times the radiation
weighting factor (Wᴿ). - correct answer Equivalent Dose
________ takes into account the biologic impact of the type and energy of
the radiation being used. - correct answer Radiation weighting factor
(Wᴿ).
This is used to define the estimated risk present when various tissues are
irradiated. - correct answer Effective Dose
Effective dose uses the ________, and takes into account the relative
radiosensitivity of the irradiated organ or body part. - correct answer
Tissue weighting factor (Wᵀ).
________ is the product of absorbed dose times the radiation weighting
factor times the tissue weighting factor. - correct answer Effective Dose
________ is the unit of effective and equivalent dose. - correct answer
Sievert (Sv)
The unit of radioactivity that is used to measure the quantity of radioactive
material is the ________. - correct answer Becquerel (Bq)
,Radiation exiting the x-ray tube is known as ________. - correct answer
Primary Radiation
X-rays that emerge from the patient and strike the image receptor, and are
composed of primary and scattered photons is known as ________. -
correct answer Exit or Remnant Radiation
X-ray beams that contain photons of many different energies are known as
________. - correct answer Heterogeneous.
What are twelve properties of x-rays? - correct answer 1) Highly
penetrating, invisible rays.
2) Electrically neutral.
3) Liberate minute amounts of heat.
4) Polyenergetic, heterogenous.
5) Travel in straight lines.
6) Ionize matter.
7) Cause fluorescence of certain crystals.
8) Travel at the speed of light.
9) Affect photographic film.
10) Cannot be focused by a lens.
11) Produce chemical and biologic changes.
12) Produce secondary and scatter radiation.
What occurs during Coherent Scattering? - correct answer The incident
x-ray interacts with an atom causing it to become excited. The atom
immediately releases this excess energy as a scattered x-ray having the
,same energy and wavelength as the incident x-ray, but in a different
direction.
What occurs during Compton Scattering? - correct answer The incident
x-ray interacts with an outer-shell electron and ejects it from the atom,
ionizing the atom. The x-ray then continues in a different direction with less
energy and a longer wavelength.
What occurs during the Photoelectric Effect? - correct answer The
incident x-ray interacts with an inner-shell electron and ejects it from the
atom, ionizing the atom. The x-ray is not scattered but totally absorbed,
releasing all of its energy to the ejected electron. Characteristic x-rays are
then produced as outer-shell electrons fill the void left by the inner-shell
electron.
What is Bremsstrahlung Radiation? - correct answer Bremsstrahlung x-
rays are produced when a projectile electron is slowed by the electric field
of a target atom nucleus.
What is Characteristic Radiation? - correct answer When projectile
electrons interact with inner-shell electrons of the target atom, rather than
with an outer-shell electron.
X-ray's have diagnostic wavelengths of ________ to ________, and travel
as bundles of energy called photons. - correct answer 1) 0.1 Å
2) 0.5 Å
The upper boundary dose that can be absorbed, either in a single exposure
or annually, with a negligible risk of somatic or genetic damage to the
individual, is known as ________. - correct answer Effective Dose
, What is the annual effective dose limit for occupational exposure? - correct
answer 50 msv
What is the annual equivalent dose limit for occupational exposure to the
lens of the eye? - correct answer 150 msv
What is the annual equivalent dose limit for occupational exposure to the
localized areas of the skin, hands and feet? - correct answer 500 msv
This is calculated by multiplying the radiographer's age in years times 10
msv. - correct answer Cumulative effective dose limit.
The annual effective dose limit for students over the age of 18 is ________.
- correct answer 50 msv
The annual effective dose limit for the general public, assuming frequent
exposure is ________. - correct answer 1 msv
The annual effective dose limit for the general public, assuming infrequent
exposure is ________. - correct answer 5 msv
The total equivalent dose to the embryo/fetus for the entire gestational
period is ________. - correct answer 5 msv
The equivalent dose limit to the embryo/fetus per month is ________. -
correct answer 0.5 msv
This is used to define the amount of energy absorbed per unit mass of
tissue. - correct answer Absorbed Dose
Absorbed dose is measured in ________. - correct answer Gray (Gyᵗ)
This is used to define the product of absorbed dose (Gy) times the radiation
weighting factor (Wᴿ). - correct answer Equivalent Dose
________ takes into account the biologic impact of the type and energy of
the radiation being used. - correct answer Radiation weighting factor
(Wᴿ).
This is used to define the estimated risk present when various tissues are
irradiated. - correct answer Effective Dose
Effective dose uses the ________, and takes into account the relative
radiosensitivity of the irradiated organ or body part. - correct answer
Tissue weighting factor (Wᵀ).
________ is the product of absorbed dose times the radiation weighting
factor times the tissue weighting factor. - correct answer Effective Dose
________ is the unit of effective and equivalent dose. - correct answer
Sievert (Sv)
The unit of radioactivity that is used to measure the quantity of radioactive
material is the ________. - correct answer Becquerel (Bq)
,Radiation exiting the x-ray tube is known as ________. - correct answer
Primary Radiation
X-rays that emerge from the patient and strike the image receptor, and are
composed of primary and scattered photons is known as ________. -
correct answer Exit or Remnant Radiation
X-ray beams that contain photons of many different energies are known as
________. - correct answer Heterogeneous.
What are twelve properties of x-rays? - correct answer 1) Highly
penetrating, invisible rays.
2) Electrically neutral.
3) Liberate minute amounts of heat.
4) Polyenergetic, heterogenous.
5) Travel in straight lines.
6) Ionize matter.
7) Cause fluorescence of certain crystals.
8) Travel at the speed of light.
9) Affect photographic film.
10) Cannot be focused by a lens.
11) Produce chemical and biologic changes.
12) Produce secondary and scatter radiation.
What occurs during Coherent Scattering? - correct answer The incident
x-ray interacts with an atom causing it to become excited. The atom
immediately releases this excess energy as a scattered x-ray having the
,same energy and wavelength as the incident x-ray, but in a different
direction.
What occurs during Compton Scattering? - correct answer The incident
x-ray interacts with an outer-shell electron and ejects it from the atom,
ionizing the atom. The x-ray then continues in a different direction with less
energy and a longer wavelength.
What occurs during the Photoelectric Effect? - correct answer The
incident x-ray interacts with an inner-shell electron and ejects it from the
atom, ionizing the atom. The x-ray is not scattered but totally absorbed,
releasing all of its energy to the ejected electron. Characteristic x-rays are
then produced as outer-shell electrons fill the void left by the inner-shell
electron.
What is Bremsstrahlung Radiation? - correct answer Bremsstrahlung x-
rays are produced when a projectile electron is slowed by the electric field
of a target atom nucleus.
What is Characteristic Radiation? - correct answer When projectile
electrons interact with inner-shell electrons of the target atom, rather than
with an outer-shell electron.
X-ray's have diagnostic wavelengths of ________ to ________, and travel
as bundles of energy called photons. - correct answer 1) 0.1 Å
2) 0.5 Å
The upper boundary dose that can be absorbed, either in a single exposure
or annually, with a negligible risk of somatic or genetic damage to the
individual, is known as ________. - correct answer Effective Dose
, What is the annual effective dose limit for occupational exposure? - correct
answer 50 msv
What is the annual equivalent dose limit for occupational exposure to the
lens of the eye? - correct answer 150 msv
What is the annual equivalent dose limit for occupational exposure to the
localized areas of the skin, hands and feet? - correct answer 500 msv
This is calculated by multiplying the radiographer's age in years times 10
msv. - correct answer Cumulative effective dose limit.
The annual effective dose limit for students over the age of 18 is ________.
- correct answer 50 msv
The annual effective dose limit for the general public, assuming frequent
exposure is ________. - correct answer 1 msv
The annual effective dose limit for the general public, assuming infrequent
exposure is ________. - correct answer 5 msv
The total equivalent dose to the embryo/fetus for the entire gestational
period is ________. - correct answer 5 msv
The equivalent dose limit to the embryo/fetus per month is ________. -
correct answer 0.5 msv
