PATHO WEEK 7 EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH REVIEWED UPDATED CORRECT
ANSWERS.100% UPDATED
The sinoatrial (SA) node generates how many beats per minute?
A. 20-40
B. 40-60
C. 60-100
D. 80-120 - answer ✔✔-Answer: C
(60-100)
For this clinic visit, John's blood pressure readings are 154/84 in his right arm and 158/86 in his left arm
taken five minutes later. He had similar blood pressure readings on his previous visit. How would you
rate John's blood pressure?
A. Normal
B. Prehypertension
C. Stage 1 hypertension
D. Stage 2 hypertension - answer ✔✔-Answer: C
(Stage 1 hypertension)
What is John's blood pressure goal?
A. <120/80
B. <130/80
C. <140/90
D. <150/90 - answer ✔✔-Answer: C
(<140/90)
,ST segment elevation - answer ✔✔-
Perfusion:
-it requires: (11) - answer ✔✔--Forcing blood or other fluid to flow through a vessel and into the
vascular bed of tissue to provide oxygen
-Adequate ventilation and diffusion
-Intact pulmonary circulation
-Adequate cardiac output
-Adequate blood volume and components
-Intact cardiac control center
-Intact receptors
-Intact parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems
-Intact cardiac conduction
-Intact coronary circulation
-Intact systematic circulation
-Adequate tissue uptake of oxygen
Altered Perfusion:
-It can be caused by four main things - answer ✔✔-The inability to adequately oxygenate tissues at the
capillary level
-Ventilation perfusion mismatch (i.e. pulmonary embolus)
-Impaired circulation (i.e. hemorrhage)
-Inadequate cardiac output (i.e. structural defects)
-Excessive perfusion demands (i.e. prolonged exertion)
Impaired Circulation: (2) - answer ✔✔--Inadequate blood volume or composition (hemorrhage, and
third spacing (fluid moves from the vascular space to the interstitial space)
, -Obstruction or disruptions in blood flow (thrombus formation)
Virchow's Triad
-Endothelial injury:
-Circulatory stasis:
-Hypercoagulability: - answer ✔✔--vessel wall injury
-blood pooling
-abnormality of blood coagulation (the process by which blood changes from a liquid to a gel) that
increases the risk of thrombosis
Inadequate Cardiac Output: (4) - answer ✔✔--Impaired ventricular pumping (myocardial infarction,
heart failure)
-Structural heart defects (valvular disorders)
-Conductions defects (arrhythmias such as ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, heart blocks)
-Changes in peripheral vascular resistance
Excessive Perfusion Demand: (2) - answer ✔✔--Hypermetabolic states (fever, exercise, hyperthyroidism,
sepsis, steroid therapy)
-Poor supply (chronic pulmonary disorders, vascular disorders, cardiac disorders)
ECG (EKG):
Ausculation:
Echocardiography:
Exercise stress test: - answer ✔✔--useful in the initial diagnosis and monitoring of dysrhythmias, MI,
infection, and pericarditis. (recording of the electrical activity of the heart)
-Detection of valvular abnormalities or abnormal shunts of blood that cause murmurs; checking blood
pressure.
-Used to record the heart valve movements, blood flow, and cardiac output (a sonogram of the heart)
-To assess general cardiovascular function (measures the heart's ability to respond to external stress in a
controlled clinical environment. The stress response is induced by exercise or drug stimulation)
WITH REVIEWED UPDATED CORRECT
ANSWERS.100% UPDATED
The sinoatrial (SA) node generates how many beats per minute?
A. 20-40
B. 40-60
C. 60-100
D. 80-120 - answer ✔✔-Answer: C
(60-100)
For this clinic visit, John's blood pressure readings are 154/84 in his right arm and 158/86 in his left arm
taken five minutes later. He had similar blood pressure readings on his previous visit. How would you
rate John's blood pressure?
A. Normal
B. Prehypertension
C. Stage 1 hypertension
D. Stage 2 hypertension - answer ✔✔-Answer: C
(Stage 1 hypertension)
What is John's blood pressure goal?
A. <120/80
B. <130/80
C. <140/90
D. <150/90 - answer ✔✔-Answer: C
(<140/90)
,ST segment elevation - answer ✔✔-
Perfusion:
-it requires: (11) - answer ✔✔--Forcing blood or other fluid to flow through a vessel and into the
vascular bed of tissue to provide oxygen
-Adequate ventilation and diffusion
-Intact pulmonary circulation
-Adequate cardiac output
-Adequate blood volume and components
-Intact cardiac control center
-Intact receptors
-Intact parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems
-Intact cardiac conduction
-Intact coronary circulation
-Intact systematic circulation
-Adequate tissue uptake of oxygen
Altered Perfusion:
-It can be caused by four main things - answer ✔✔-The inability to adequately oxygenate tissues at the
capillary level
-Ventilation perfusion mismatch (i.e. pulmonary embolus)
-Impaired circulation (i.e. hemorrhage)
-Inadequate cardiac output (i.e. structural defects)
-Excessive perfusion demands (i.e. prolonged exertion)
Impaired Circulation: (2) - answer ✔✔--Inadequate blood volume or composition (hemorrhage, and
third spacing (fluid moves from the vascular space to the interstitial space)
, -Obstruction or disruptions in blood flow (thrombus formation)
Virchow's Triad
-Endothelial injury:
-Circulatory stasis:
-Hypercoagulability: - answer ✔✔--vessel wall injury
-blood pooling
-abnormality of blood coagulation (the process by which blood changes from a liquid to a gel) that
increases the risk of thrombosis
Inadequate Cardiac Output: (4) - answer ✔✔--Impaired ventricular pumping (myocardial infarction,
heart failure)
-Structural heart defects (valvular disorders)
-Conductions defects (arrhythmias such as ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, heart blocks)
-Changes in peripheral vascular resistance
Excessive Perfusion Demand: (2) - answer ✔✔--Hypermetabolic states (fever, exercise, hyperthyroidism,
sepsis, steroid therapy)
-Poor supply (chronic pulmonary disorders, vascular disorders, cardiac disorders)
ECG (EKG):
Ausculation:
Echocardiography:
Exercise stress test: - answer ✔✔--useful in the initial diagnosis and monitoring of dysrhythmias, MI,
infection, and pericarditis. (recording of the electrical activity of the heart)
-Detection of valvular abnormalities or abnormal shunts of blood that cause murmurs; checking blood
pressure.
-Used to record the heart valve movements, blood flow, and cardiac output (a sonogram of the heart)
-To assess general cardiovascular function (measures the heart's ability to respond to external stress in a
controlled clinical environment. The stress response is induced by exercise or drug stimulation)
