PATHOPHYSIOLOGY HESI EXAM NURSING COURSE
2025/2026 | QUESTION BANK | VERIFIED QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS GRADED A+ | ADVANCED
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY & CLINICAL CONCEPTS STUDY
GUIDE | GUARANTEED SUCCESS
d. Sign - CORRECT ANSWER -Which is an objectively identifiable
aberration of the disease?
a. Symptom
b. Syndrome
c. Stage
d. Sign
c. They include epinephrine and norepinephrine - CORRECT ANSWER -
Which of the following is true regarding catecholamines?
a. They are from the parasympathetic nervous system
b. They cross the blood brain barrier
c. They include epinephrine and norepinephrine
d. They cause of decrease in heart rate
,b. Endorphins increase with stress, resulting in a decrease in pain perception
- CORRECT ANSWER -Which of the following is a true statement?
a. Antidiuretic hormone is not important for blood volume regulation
b. Endorphins increase with stress, resulting in a decrease in pain perception
c. Epinephrine and cortisol act very differently
d. Cortisol negates epinephrine's activity
d. They cross by diffusion - CORRECT ANSWER -By what mechanism
do lipid molecules cross cell membranes?
a. They use channel proteins as a membrane transport system
b. They are transported across the plasma membrane by endocytosis and
exocytosis
c. They use voltage-gated ion channels
d. They cross by diffusion
a. Protein synthesis - CORRECT ANSWER -Which of the following
metabolic processes is a component of anabolic metabolism?
a. Protein synthesis
b. Glycolysis
c. Citric acid cycle
,d. Oxidative phosphorylation
c. The sodium-potassium pump - CORRECT ANSWER -Which of the
following electrochemical mechanism is responsible for maintaining cell
volume?
a. The calcium pump
b. Glucose transporters
c. The sodium-potassium pump
d. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters
d. Failure of the sodium-potassium pump - CORRECT ANSWER -Cellular
hypoxia results in:
a. Enhanced ATP activity
b. Loss of intracellular calcium
c. Increased pH
d. Failure of the sodium-potassium pump
a. Atrophy of her leg muscles - CORRECT ANSWER -A 75 yo woman
develops weakness in her lower extremities after a prolonged period of bed
rest. This is most likely caused by:
, a. Atrophy of her leg muscles
b. Dysplasia of her leg muscles
c. Hypertrophy of her leg muscles
d. Hyperplasia of her leg muscles
c. Atrophy - CORRECT ANSWER -Which of the following types of
cellular adaption is most likely to occur from chronic ischemia?
a. Hypertrophy
b. Metaplasia
c. Atrophy
d. Hyperplasia
a. positive feedback - CORRECT ANSWER -An initial disturbance in a
system sets off a chain of events that does not favor stability and often
abruptly displaces a system from its steady state: what is that?
a. Positive Feedback
b. Negative Feedback
c. Disease
d. Homeostasis
b. gums - CORRECT ANSWER -What organ shrinks with age?
2025/2026 | QUESTION BANK | VERIFIED QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS GRADED A+ | ADVANCED
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY & CLINICAL CONCEPTS STUDY
GUIDE | GUARANTEED SUCCESS
d. Sign - CORRECT ANSWER -Which is an objectively identifiable
aberration of the disease?
a. Symptom
b. Syndrome
c. Stage
d. Sign
c. They include epinephrine and norepinephrine - CORRECT ANSWER -
Which of the following is true regarding catecholamines?
a. They are from the parasympathetic nervous system
b. They cross the blood brain barrier
c. They include epinephrine and norepinephrine
d. They cause of decrease in heart rate
,b. Endorphins increase with stress, resulting in a decrease in pain perception
- CORRECT ANSWER -Which of the following is a true statement?
a. Antidiuretic hormone is not important for blood volume regulation
b. Endorphins increase with stress, resulting in a decrease in pain perception
c. Epinephrine and cortisol act very differently
d. Cortisol negates epinephrine's activity
d. They cross by diffusion - CORRECT ANSWER -By what mechanism
do lipid molecules cross cell membranes?
a. They use channel proteins as a membrane transport system
b. They are transported across the plasma membrane by endocytosis and
exocytosis
c. They use voltage-gated ion channels
d. They cross by diffusion
a. Protein synthesis - CORRECT ANSWER -Which of the following
metabolic processes is a component of anabolic metabolism?
a. Protein synthesis
b. Glycolysis
c. Citric acid cycle
,d. Oxidative phosphorylation
c. The sodium-potassium pump - CORRECT ANSWER -Which of the
following electrochemical mechanism is responsible for maintaining cell
volume?
a. The calcium pump
b. Glucose transporters
c. The sodium-potassium pump
d. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters
d. Failure of the sodium-potassium pump - CORRECT ANSWER -Cellular
hypoxia results in:
a. Enhanced ATP activity
b. Loss of intracellular calcium
c. Increased pH
d. Failure of the sodium-potassium pump
a. Atrophy of her leg muscles - CORRECT ANSWER -A 75 yo woman
develops weakness in her lower extremities after a prolonged period of bed
rest. This is most likely caused by:
, a. Atrophy of her leg muscles
b. Dysplasia of her leg muscles
c. Hypertrophy of her leg muscles
d. Hyperplasia of her leg muscles
c. Atrophy - CORRECT ANSWER -Which of the following types of
cellular adaption is most likely to occur from chronic ischemia?
a. Hypertrophy
b. Metaplasia
c. Atrophy
d. Hyperplasia
a. positive feedback - CORRECT ANSWER -An initial disturbance in a
system sets off a chain of events that does not favor stability and often
abruptly displaces a system from its steady state: what is that?
a. Positive Feedback
b. Negative Feedback
c. Disease
d. Homeostasis
b. gums - CORRECT ANSWER -What organ shrinks with age?
