Unit IV
Introduction to 8085 Assembly Language Programming
,What is a Microprocessor?
A microprocessor is an integrated circuit (IC) that performs the functions of a cen
processing unit (CPU) in a computer or electronic system.
🔹 Definition:
A microprocessor is a programmable device that takes input, processes it based on s
instructions (program), and provides output.
🔹 Key Functions:
1.Fetch instructions from memory
2.Decode the instructions
3.Execute the instructions (arithmetic, logical, data transfer, control)
,Basic Components of a Microprocessor:
Component Function
ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) Performs calculations and logical operations
Registers Small, fast memory to store data temporarily
Control Unit Directs the operation of the processor
Clock Synchronizes operations using timing pulses
Transfers data between components (Data, Address,
Bus System
Control buses)
Examples of Microprocessors:
•Intel 8085 – 8-bit microprocessor
•Intel 8086 – 16-bit microprocessor
•Intel Core i3/i5/i7 – Used in modern computers
Applications:
•Computers and laptops
•Calculators
•Embedded systems (washing machines, microwaves)
•Mobile phones
•Robotics and automation systems
, Block Diagram of a Traditional CPU
A traditional CPU (before microprocessors) was built using multiple separate
components.sqlCopyEdit
Introduction to 8085 Assembly Language Programming
,What is a Microprocessor?
A microprocessor is an integrated circuit (IC) that performs the functions of a cen
processing unit (CPU) in a computer or electronic system.
🔹 Definition:
A microprocessor is a programmable device that takes input, processes it based on s
instructions (program), and provides output.
🔹 Key Functions:
1.Fetch instructions from memory
2.Decode the instructions
3.Execute the instructions (arithmetic, logical, data transfer, control)
,Basic Components of a Microprocessor:
Component Function
ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) Performs calculations and logical operations
Registers Small, fast memory to store data temporarily
Control Unit Directs the operation of the processor
Clock Synchronizes operations using timing pulses
Transfers data between components (Data, Address,
Bus System
Control buses)
Examples of Microprocessors:
•Intel 8085 – 8-bit microprocessor
•Intel 8086 – 16-bit microprocessor
•Intel Core i3/i5/i7 – Used in modern computers
Applications:
•Computers and laptops
•Calculators
•Embedded systems (washing machines, microwaves)
•Mobile phones
•Robotics and automation systems
, Block Diagram of a Traditional CPU
A traditional CPU (before microprocessors) was built using multiple separate
components.sqlCopyEdit
