PRSA APR EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Universe - (ANSWER)The number of possible respondents available to draw survey sample from
Representative sample - (ANSWER)Number needed to be representative of the universe. Any universe
that is 100,000 or more requires a sample of 384
10-K - (ANSWER)Annual Report must file 60 days after close of companies fiscal year
10-Q - (ANSWER)Quarterly financial Report containing unaudited data-filed 35 days after close of first
three fiscal quarters
95% Confidence level - (ANSWER)If the same survey were given repeatedly 95% of the time the results
would be the same, falling within the same margin of error
8-K - (ANSWER)information that needs to be public documented through the SEC-a news release can be
qualified. Can triggered by a reporter questions for information that has not been issued publicly.
Publically traded organization and/or regulated. Mnemonic: "kant" wait-information
Margin of error - (ANSWER)The range, plus or minus, within which results can vary (the larger the
sample the lower the margin of error)
Proxy Statement (Form Def 14A) - (ANSWER)invitation or agenda at for shareholders to advertise the
annual meeting. Can cover-proposals for new board members, directors or executives' salaries, bonus
and option plans for directors, and declarations by company management.
Benchmark Survey - (ANSWER)Survey that is taken of a large target audience prior to a campaign.
Research after campaign can be measured against this
Cluster Sample - (ANSWER)People who are grouped or clustered by something they have in common
, PRSA APR EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Content analysis - (ANSWER)Study of publications, print and electronic media reports to measure and
evaluate news coverage of an organization, its people or activities. Attempt to objectively code and
describe the content of communication.
Depth interviews - (ANSWER)One-on-one interviews with key respondents
Focus group - (ANSWER)Informal give-and-take sessions in a controlled environment with a small group
of people.(Qualitative)
Formal methods - (ANSWER)Research that includes the systematic gathering of scientifically measurable
data from representative. samples. Mail survey, telephone survey (Quantitative)
Informal methods - (ANSWER)Exploratory research that is not gathered from scientifically represented
samples (focus groups, key influencers, letters/complaints received
Regulation Fair Disclosure (2000) - (ANSWER)all publicly traded companies disclose material information
to all investors at the same time (at all levels)
Insider Trading Study (1963) - (ANSWER)Encourages timely disclosure of "material information"
Rule 5c (Security Act of 1933) - (ANSWER)Gag period-registration of securities and led to embargo of
publicity materials during a specific timeframe (90 days from registration becomes effective) Think-high
5 for keeping your mouth shut ;)
Sarbanes Oxley (2002) - (ANSWER)Corporate auditing accountability, responsibility, and transparency.
mandated a number of reforms to enhance corporate responsibility, enhance financial disclosures and
combat corporate and accounting fraud, and created the "Public Company Accounting Oversight Board,"
to oversee the activities of the auditing profession. Think Oxley-sounds like Auditing/Accounting Fraud
Securities Act of 1933 - (ANSWER)"1. require that investors receive financial and other significant
information concerning securities being offered for public sale; and
Universe - (ANSWER)The number of possible respondents available to draw survey sample from
Representative sample - (ANSWER)Number needed to be representative of the universe. Any universe
that is 100,000 or more requires a sample of 384
10-K - (ANSWER)Annual Report must file 60 days after close of companies fiscal year
10-Q - (ANSWER)Quarterly financial Report containing unaudited data-filed 35 days after close of first
three fiscal quarters
95% Confidence level - (ANSWER)If the same survey were given repeatedly 95% of the time the results
would be the same, falling within the same margin of error
8-K - (ANSWER)information that needs to be public documented through the SEC-a news release can be
qualified. Can triggered by a reporter questions for information that has not been issued publicly.
Publically traded organization and/or regulated. Mnemonic: "kant" wait-information
Margin of error - (ANSWER)The range, plus or minus, within which results can vary (the larger the
sample the lower the margin of error)
Proxy Statement (Form Def 14A) - (ANSWER)invitation or agenda at for shareholders to advertise the
annual meeting. Can cover-proposals for new board members, directors or executives' salaries, bonus
and option plans for directors, and declarations by company management.
Benchmark Survey - (ANSWER)Survey that is taken of a large target audience prior to a campaign.
Research after campaign can be measured against this
Cluster Sample - (ANSWER)People who are grouped or clustered by something they have in common
, PRSA APR EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Content analysis - (ANSWER)Study of publications, print and electronic media reports to measure and
evaluate news coverage of an organization, its people or activities. Attempt to objectively code and
describe the content of communication.
Depth interviews - (ANSWER)One-on-one interviews with key respondents
Focus group - (ANSWER)Informal give-and-take sessions in a controlled environment with a small group
of people.(Qualitative)
Formal methods - (ANSWER)Research that includes the systematic gathering of scientifically measurable
data from representative. samples. Mail survey, telephone survey (Quantitative)
Informal methods - (ANSWER)Exploratory research that is not gathered from scientifically represented
samples (focus groups, key influencers, letters/complaints received
Regulation Fair Disclosure (2000) - (ANSWER)all publicly traded companies disclose material information
to all investors at the same time (at all levels)
Insider Trading Study (1963) - (ANSWER)Encourages timely disclosure of "material information"
Rule 5c (Security Act of 1933) - (ANSWER)Gag period-registration of securities and led to embargo of
publicity materials during a specific timeframe (90 days from registration becomes effective) Think-high
5 for keeping your mouth shut ;)
Sarbanes Oxley (2002) - (ANSWER)Corporate auditing accountability, responsibility, and transparency.
mandated a number of reforms to enhance corporate responsibility, enhance financial disclosures and
combat corporate and accounting fraud, and created the "Public Company Accounting Oversight Board,"
to oversee the activities of the auditing profession. Think Oxley-sounds like Auditing/Accounting Fraud
Securities Act of 1933 - (ANSWER)"1. require that investors receive financial and other significant
information concerning securities being offered for public sale; and
