AWHONN ADVANCED FETAL MONITORING
EXAM REVIEW 2026 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS AND
EXPLANATIONS
◉ Uterus. Answer: All Fetuses of mothers in labor experience an
interruption of the oxygenation pathway at which point?
◉ a) Throughout labor and delivery unless the use of a more
accurate method is clearly indicated. Answer: The FHR can be
monitored using doppler ultrasound?
a) Throughout labor and delivery unless the use of a more accurate
method is clearly indicated
b) Internally
c) Only early in labor
d) The FHR cannot be monitored by doppler ultrasound
◉ b) 110-160 bpm. Answer: What is the normal range for FHR base
line in a term infant?
a) 80-120 bpm
b) 110-160 bpm
c) 140-180bpm
,d) it depends on the sex of the fetus
◉ Mother's inhalation to lungs to mat. circulatory system to
hemoglobin in RBC's to bloodstream in uterus. Uterus to spiral
arteries to placenta to intervillous space to travel via simple
diffusion into the villi. The capillaries to the umb. vein to the fetus.
The umb. artery sends waste (CO2) to the intervillous space to the
mothers venous system.. Answer: Trace the flow of oxygen from
mother to fetus and back.
◉ 1. Mother (blood plasma, cardiac output, hemoglobin
concentration & O2 saturation)
2. Placenta/intervillous space (uterine contractions & calcification's)
3. Fetus (vagal response aka decel or cord compression). Answer:
What factors impact maternal oxygen delivery?
◉ 30-50%
lateral recumbent or semi-Fowler's. Answer: By what % does
maternal cardiac output increase above the non-pregnant state and
what position helps this uteroplacental blood flow?
◉ >5 contractions in 10 min (more frequently than Q 2 min)
averaged over 30 min window.
Caused by oxytocin, aminoinfusion or in rare cases spontaneously..
Answer: Define tachysystole contractions and the cause of.
,◉ Maintaining mat. volume, mat. positioning, intravenous hydration.
Decreasing mat. pain/anxiety.
1. Reposition pt to side.
2. Admin IV fluid bolus.
3. Admin 0.25mg terbutaline SQ.
4. Admin O2 10L via non rebreather face mask.. Answer: List
interventions for tachysystole contractions.
◉ higher conc. to lower concentration.
1.Oxygen from maternal (higher) to fetal compartment (lower) to
fetal hgb then transported to fetal tissue.
2. CO2 returns to intervillous space by passive diffusion and is
removed by the mat. venous system.. Answer: Describe passive
diffusion as related to the maternal placental fetal system.
◉ Place her in lateral position, & increase IV fluids. If no
improvement may need to give epi to increase vascular tone..
Answer: Maternal hypotension is a potential side effect of regional
anesthesia and analgesia. What nursing interventions could you use
to raise the client's blood pressure? Choose all that apply.
A) Place the woman in a supine position.
B) Place the woman in a lateral position.
C) Increase intravenous (IV) fluids.
, D) Continuous Fetal Monitor
E) Administer ephedrine per MD order
◉ systolic BP >= 140mm hg, a diastolic BP>= 90 mm hg or MAP of
>=105. Answer: Define maternal hypertension (gestational).
◉ 17g/dl, fetal hgb has a higher oxygen affinity than an adult to
develop in an oxygen poor environment. The fetal circulatory
pattern ensures blood with higher O2 and nutrition content is
delivered to the vital organs (brain and heart) to tolerate the stress
of labor.. Answer: What is the normal expected value for a term fetal
HGB?
◉ 1 vein, 2 arteries encased in wharton's jelly.
O2 (high content) travels via the vein
CO2 travels via 2 arteries back to placenta. Answer: detail the
umbilical cord
◉ A decrease of blood flow and O2 delivery to fetus & increases CO2
level in fetus.
Transient cord compression can be common in labor. Variable FHR
decel's is frequently associated with cord compression.. Answer:
Define cord compression.
EXAM REVIEW 2026 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS AND
EXPLANATIONS
◉ Uterus. Answer: All Fetuses of mothers in labor experience an
interruption of the oxygenation pathway at which point?
◉ a) Throughout labor and delivery unless the use of a more
accurate method is clearly indicated. Answer: The FHR can be
monitored using doppler ultrasound?
a) Throughout labor and delivery unless the use of a more accurate
method is clearly indicated
b) Internally
c) Only early in labor
d) The FHR cannot be monitored by doppler ultrasound
◉ b) 110-160 bpm. Answer: What is the normal range for FHR base
line in a term infant?
a) 80-120 bpm
b) 110-160 bpm
c) 140-180bpm
,d) it depends on the sex of the fetus
◉ Mother's inhalation to lungs to mat. circulatory system to
hemoglobin in RBC's to bloodstream in uterus. Uterus to spiral
arteries to placenta to intervillous space to travel via simple
diffusion into the villi. The capillaries to the umb. vein to the fetus.
The umb. artery sends waste (CO2) to the intervillous space to the
mothers venous system.. Answer: Trace the flow of oxygen from
mother to fetus and back.
◉ 1. Mother (blood plasma, cardiac output, hemoglobin
concentration & O2 saturation)
2. Placenta/intervillous space (uterine contractions & calcification's)
3. Fetus (vagal response aka decel or cord compression). Answer:
What factors impact maternal oxygen delivery?
◉ 30-50%
lateral recumbent or semi-Fowler's. Answer: By what % does
maternal cardiac output increase above the non-pregnant state and
what position helps this uteroplacental blood flow?
◉ >5 contractions in 10 min (more frequently than Q 2 min)
averaged over 30 min window.
Caused by oxytocin, aminoinfusion or in rare cases spontaneously..
Answer: Define tachysystole contractions and the cause of.
,◉ Maintaining mat. volume, mat. positioning, intravenous hydration.
Decreasing mat. pain/anxiety.
1. Reposition pt to side.
2. Admin IV fluid bolus.
3. Admin 0.25mg terbutaline SQ.
4. Admin O2 10L via non rebreather face mask.. Answer: List
interventions for tachysystole contractions.
◉ higher conc. to lower concentration.
1.Oxygen from maternal (higher) to fetal compartment (lower) to
fetal hgb then transported to fetal tissue.
2. CO2 returns to intervillous space by passive diffusion and is
removed by the mat. venous system.. Answer: Describe passive
diffusion as related to the maternal placental fetal system.
◉ Place her in lateral position, & increase IV fluids. If no
improvement may need to give epi to increase vascular tone..
Answer: Maternal hypotension is a potential side effect of regional
anesthesia and analgesia. What nursing interventions could you use
to raise the client's blood pressure? Choose all that apply.
A) Place the woman in a supine position.
B) Place the woman in a lateral position.
C) Increase intravenous (IV) fluids.
, D) Continuous Fetal Monitor
E) Administer ephedrine per MD order
◉ systolic BP >= 140mm hg, a diastolic BP>= 90 mm hg or MAP of
>=105. Answer: Define maternal hypertension (gestational).
◉ 17g/dl, fetal hgb has a higher oxygen affinity than an adult to
develop in an oxygen poor environment. The fetal circulatory
pattern ensures blood with higher O2 and nutrition content is
delivered to the vital organs (brain and heart) to tolerate the stress
of labor.. Answer: What is the normal expected value for a term fetal
HGB?
◉ 1 vein, 2 arteries encased in wharton's jelly.
O2 (high content) travels via the vein
CO2 travels via 2 arteries back to placenta. Answer: detail the
umbilical cord
◉ A decrease of blood flow and O2 delivery to fetus & increases CO2
level in fetus.
Transient cord compression can be common in labor. Variable FHR
decel's is frequently associated with cord compression.. Answer:
Define cord compression.
