RPhS CERTIFICATION AND PRACTICE
QUESTIONS 2nd edition 2025-2026 Most Recent
Version Comprehensive 700 Questions and
Verified Answers Accurate Solutions Already
Graded A+ Get it 100% Correct
"Blow out" vein w palpable fascial defect: - CORRECT ANSWER: Usually due to
perforator incompetence
***Inividuals w DM may have false elevated ABI values due to vessel hardening: -
CORRECT ANSWER: Additional clinical testing should be performed if there is a high
index of suspicion of PAD in those patients w DM
2 forms:
Acquired: - CORRECT ANSWER: -Lupus
- Anti-cardiolipin Ab
- Antiphospholipid syndrome
-Hyperhomocystenemia
2 types of transmissions:
CW transmission (continuous wave) - Hand held pencil Ultrasound - CORRECT
ANSWER: Will send and receive signals at the same time
Most prone to thermal bioeffects due to continuous transmission
,CW has a fundamental limitation in that it does not allow for range resolution (axials
resolution) ie depth
2. Abnormal platelets: - CORRECT ANSWER: Long list or disorders
Look for micro vascular or micro cutaneous bleeding
2. Degergents--creates injury thru a process known as "protein theft denaturation"
STS (sodium tetradecylsulphate) - CORRECT ANSWER: FDA approved
High concentrations can result in increased risk of hyper pigmentation (hermosiderin
staining) and necrosis
2. Refraction- bending or distortion of non-reflected acoustic energy as it crosses an
interface. - CORRECT ANSWER: In order for refraction to take place:
The incident angle CAN NOT be 0º
There has to be a diff between the propagation velocities at the structure interface
(between the two mediums)
The GREATER the change in propagation velocities = increased refraction
The greater the incident angle = increased refraction
If the incident angle is 0 then no refraction
If there is no change in propagation velocities at a structure interface then no refraction!
2. Short stretch - CORRECT ANSWER: MINIMAL elasticity
More comfortable at rest
Feels tight when active
INCREASED working pressure
,DECREASED resting pressure
Good for intermittent lymphedema, venous ulceration, acute superficial thrombophlibitis
(STP) and DVT
3. Abnormal secondary hemostasis: - CORRECT ANSWER: Hereditary
-Hemophilia:
Type A = Factor 8 deficiency
Type B = Factor 9 deficiency/factor 11
deficiency (rare)
-vWF deficiency
-13a deficiency
-Hypo fibrogenemia--decreased levels
of fibrogen
-Dysfibrogenemia --dysfunctional
fibrogen
Acquired:
-Acquired factor deficiency ie, live dz
-Acquired von Willibrand dz
-DIC
-Factor 2 deficiency
-Amyloidosis
3. Absorption-conversion of acoustic energy into heat (the head created from absorption
is the source of thermal bioeffects) - CORRECT ANSWER: In general, increase
collagen content = increased absorption
Therefore, bone has the highest absorption rate (dB/cm)
, ABSORPTION IS THE PRIMARY MECHANISM FOR RISK OF THERMAL
BIOEFFECTS
3. Chemical Irritants - creates injury thru "direct toxic injury" to endothelium
Glycerin - CORRECT ANSWER: Can act as Both a detergent and chemical irritant
Very rate to cause necrosis or hermosiderin staining
3. Long Stretch (ace wraps, compression stockings) - CORRECT ANSWER:
DECREASED working pressure
INCREASED resting pressure
Good for post treatment compressio as well as day to day use
4 point scaled used (0-3) - CORRECT ANSWER: 0 = absent
1 = mild
2 = moderate
3 = severe
4 types of bleeding abnormalities:
1. abnormal blood vessels- ie. blood vessel fragility - CORRECT ANSWER: Hereditary:
Ehler-Danlos
Osteogenesis imperfecta
Osler Webber Rendu/HHT
Acquired:
QUESTIONS 2nd edition 2025-2026 Most Recent
Version Comprehensive 700 Questions and
Verified Answers Accurate Solutions Already
Graded A+ Get it 100% Correct
"Blow out" vein w palpable fascial defect: - CORRECT ANSWER: Usually due to
perforator incompetence
***Inividuals w DM may have false elevated ABI values due to vessel hardening: -
CORRECT ANSWER: Additional clinical testing should be performed if there is a high
index of suspicion of PAD in those patients w DM
2 forms:
Acquired: - CORRECT ANSWER: -Lupus
- Anti-cardiolipin Ab
- Antiphospholipid syndrome
-Hyperhomocystenemia
2 types of transmissions:
CW transmission (continuous wave) - Hand held pencil Ultrasound - CORRECT
ANSWER: Will send and receive signals at the same time
Most prone to thermal bioeffects due to continuous transmission
,CW has a fundamental limitation in that it does not allow for range resolution (axials
resolution) ie depth
2. Abnormal platelets: - CORRECT ANSWER: Long list or disorders
Look for micro vascular or micro cutaneous bleeding
2. Degergents--creates injury thru a process known as "protein theft denaturation"
STS (sodium tetradecylsulphate) - CORRECT ANSWER: FDA approved
High concentrations can result in increased risk of hyper pigmentation (hermosiderin
staining) and necrosis
2. Refraction- bending or distortion of non-reflected acoustic energy as it crosses an
interface. - CORRECT ANSWER: In order for refraction to take place:
The incident angle CAN NOT be 0º
There has to be a diff between the propagation velocities at the structure interface
(between the two mediums)
The GREATER the change in propagation velocities = increased refraction
The greater the incident angle = increased refraction
If the incident angle is 0 then no refraction
If there is no change in propagation velocities at a structure interface then no refraction!
2. Short stretch - CORRECT ANSWER: MINIMAL elasticity
More comfortable at rest
Feels tight when active
INCREASED working pressure
,DECREASED resting pressure
Good for intermittent lymphedema, venous ulceration, acute superficial thrombophlibitis
(STP) and DVT
3. Abnormal secondary hemostasis: - CORRECT ANSWER: Hereditary
-Hemophilia:
Type A = Factor 8 deficiency
Type B = Factor 9 deficiency/factor 11
deficiency (rare)
-vWF deficiency
-13a deficiency
-Hypo fibrogenemia--decreased levels
of fibrogen
-Dysfibrogenemia --dysfunctional
fibrogen
Acquired:
-Acquired factor deficiency ie, live dz
-Acquired von Willibrand dz
-DIC
-Factor 2 deficiency
-Amyloidosis
3. Absorption-conversion of acoustic energy into heat (the head created from absorption
is the source of thermal bioeffects) - CORRECT ANSWER: In general, increase
collagen content = increased absorption
Therefore, bone has the highest absorption rate (dB/cm)
, ABSORPTION IS THE PRIMARY MECHANISM FOR RISK OF THERMAL
BIOEFFECTS
3. Chemical Irritants - creates injury thru "direct toxic injury" to endothelium
Glycerin - CORRECT ANSWER: Can act as Both a detergent and chemical irritant
Very rate to cause necrosis or hermosiderin staining
3. Long Stretch (ace wraps, compression stockings) - CORRECT ANSWER:
DECREASED working pressure
INCREASED resting pressure
Good for post treatment compressio as well as day to day use
4 point scaled used (0-3) - CORRECT ANSWER: 0 = absent
1 = mild
2 = moderate
3 = severe
4 types of bleeding abnormalities:
1. abnormal blood vessels- ie. blood vessel fragility - CORRECT ANSWER: Hereditary:
Ehler-Danlos
Osteogenesis imperfecta
Osler Webber Rendu/HHT
Acquired:
