ECPI BIO 111 final exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fmvg7g
1. Homeostasis: To maintain a constant internal environment:
2. Histology: The study of tissues
3. Organs: Level of organization more complex than tissues
4. Endocrine: Body system involved with signaling other body parts with hormones
5. Muscular: Body system that moves body parts and generates most of our body heat
6. Digestive: Body system that breaks down food into smaller substances that are easily absorbed by the body
7. Integumentary: Body system that acts as a physical barrier to pathogens, chemicals, the sun, and water loss
8. negative feedback: Mechanism that corrects a disturbance back to a set point
9. The birthing process: Example of positive feedback
10. Alcohol consumption and birthing process: Example of positive feedback
11. Cervical: Region of the body known as the neck
12. pedal: Region of the body known as the foot
13. Antecubital: Region of the body known as the front (bend) of the elbow
14. Nervous: System of the body where our personality comes from and where memory is stored
15. Superior: The brain is __________ to the heart
16. Protons: Positively charged subatomic particle
17. Electrons: Subatomic particle that orbits the nucleus
18. Covalent bond: The strongest chemical bond
19. Hydrogen bond: The chemical bond between water molecules
20. CHON (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen): The body is made mostly of
21. Molecules: When atoms join together, they make
22. Ionic bond: The 2nd strongest chemical bond
23. Basic: A solution of body fluid from a patient has a pH of 10.0. This solution is considered
24. Enzymes: Helps speed a chemical reaction, but is not used up by the reaction
25. Monosaccharides: Building blocks (monomers) of carbohydrates
26. Nucleotides: Building blocks (monomers) of nucleic acids:
27. Decomposition: Breaking down a protein into amino acids
28. Acidic: A body solution was tested and found to be pH 2.0, this body solution is said to be
29. Carbohydrates and Lipids: Good energy sources
30. Amino acids: The sequence of __________ determines the shape of a protein
31. Shape; function: The __________ of a protein determines its __________
32. DNA and RNA: Examples of nucleic acids
1/8
, ECPI BIO 111 final exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fmvg7g
33. more DNA and proteins: DNA stores the instructions on how to make
34. Phospholipid: The cell membrane is made mostly of
35. Selectively permeable: The plasma membrane is said to be
36. Active transport: Type of transport that requires direct use of ATP
37. Facilitated diffusion: Type of passive transport that requires a carrier or channel protein
38. Osmosis: The diffusion of water
39. Shrink and shrivel: When a cell is placed into a hypertonic solution, we can expect it to
40. Mitochondria: The "powerhouse" of the cell because it generates a lot of ATP
41. Nucleus: The "control center" of the cell because it contains our DNA (genetic information)
42. Centrosome: Organelle that creates the mitotic spindle
43. Ribosome: Organelle that is essentially an enzyme for protein synthesis:
44. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum: Organelle that contains enzymes that make lipids and carbohy-
drates and can detoxify certain
poisons, drugs, and toxins:
45. Interphase: Phase of the cell cycle when our DNA is duplicated
46. Telophase: Phase of mitosis when the nuclear envelope reappears and chromosomes unwind into chromatin
47. Anaphase: Phase of mitosis where the centromeres break and chromosomes migrate away from each other
48. Chromatin: DNA + protein
49. Chromosome: Highly compact chromatin
50. Glycolysis: Occurs in the cytoplasm
51. Transcription: Occurs in the nucleus
52. Cofactor and Coenzyme: Completes the shapes of enzymes to give them their full function
53. Anabolic reaction: Type of metabolic reaction where a larger thing is made from smaller things
54. Hydrolysis: Special type of catabolic reaction that splits molecules with water
55. Glycolysis: Metabolic pathway that does not require oxygen
56. ATP, NADH, and Pyruvate: End product of glycolysis
57. Lactic acid: If oxygen is not available, pyruvate is converted to
58. Acetyl-CoA: If oxygen is available, pyruvate is converted to
59. translation: Occurs in the cytosol
60. 36: Maximum yield of ATP from the complete metabolism of one glucose molecule
61. Translation; cytoplasm: Making protein from mRNA is called __________ and it occurs in the
__________
2/8
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fmvg7g
1. Homeostasis: To maintain a constant internal environment:
2. Histology: The study of tissues
3. Organs: Level of organization more complex than tissues
4. Endocrine: Body system involved with signaling other body parts with hormones
5. Muscular: Body system that moves body parts and generates most of our body heat
6. Digestive: Body system that breaks down food into smaller substances that are easily absorbed by the body
7. Integumentary: Body system that acts as a physical barrier to pathogens, chemicals, the sun, and water loss
8. negative feedback: Mechanism that corrects a disturbance back to a set point
9. The birthing process: Example of positive feedback
10. Alcohol consumption and birthing process: Example of positive feedback
11. Cervical: Region of the body known as the neck
12. pedal: Region of the body known as the foot
13. Antecubital: Region of the body known as the front (bend) of the elbow
14. Nervous: System of the body where our personality comes from and where memory is stored
15. Superior: The brain is __________ to the heart
16. Protons: Positively charged subatomic particle
17. Electrons: Subatomic particle that orbits the nucleus
18. Covalent bond: The strongest chemical bond
19. Hydrogen bond: The chemical bond between water molecules
20. CHON (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen): The body is made mostly of
21. Molecules: When atoms join together, they make
22. Ionic bond: The 2nd strongest chemical bond
23. Basic: A solution of body fluid from a patient has a pH of 10.0. This solution is considered
24. Enzymes: Helps speed a chemical reaction, but is not used up by the reaction
25. Monosaccharides: Building blocks (monomers) of carbohydrates
26. Nucleotides: Building blocks (monomers) of nucleic acids:
27. Decomposition: Breaking down a protein into amino acids
28. Acidic: A body solution was tested and found to be pH 2.0, this body solution is said to be
29. Carbohydrates and Lipids: Good energy sources
30. Amino acids: The sequence of __________ determines the shape of a protein
31. Shape; function: The __________ of a protein determines its __________
32. DNA and RNA: Examples of nucleic acids
1/8
, ECPI BIO 111 final exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fmvg7g
33. more DNA and proteins: DNA stores the instructions on how to make
34. Phospholipid: The cell membrane is made mostly of
35. Selectively permeable: The plasma membrane is said to be
36. Active transport: Type of transport that requires direct use of ATP
37. Facilitated diffusion: Type of passive transport that requires a carrier or channel protein
38. Osmosis: The diffusion of water
39. Shrink and shrivel: When a cell is placed into a hypertonic solution, we can expect it to
40. Mitochondria: The "powerhouse" of the cell because it generates a lot of ATP
41. Nucleus: The "control center" of the cell because it contains our DNA (genetic information)
42. Centrosome: Organelle that creates the mitotic spindle
43. Ribosome: Organelle that is essentially an enzyme for protein synthesis:
44. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum: Organelle that contains enzymes that make lipids and carbohy-
drates and can detoxify certain
poisons, drugs, and toxins:
45. Interphase: Phase of the cell cycle when our DNA is duplicated
46. Telophase: Phase of mitosis when the nuclear envelope reappears and chromosomes unwind into chromatin
47. Anaphase: Phase of mitosis where the centromeres break and chromosomes migrate away from each other
48. Chromatin: DNA + protein
49. Chromosome: Highly compact chromatin
50. Glycolysis: Occurs in the cytoplasm
51. Transcription: Occurs in the nucleus
52. Cofactor and Coenzyme: Completes the shapes of enzymes to give them their full function
53. Anabolic reaction: Type of metabolic reaction where a larger thing is made from smaller things
54. Hydrolysis: Special type of catabolic reaction that splits molecules with water
55. Glycolysis: Metabolic pathway that does not require oxygen
56. ATP, NADH, and Pyruvate: End product of glycolysis
57. Lactic acid: If oxygen is not available, pyruvate is converted to
58. Acetyl-CoA: If oxygen is available, pyruvate is converted to
59. translation: Occurs in the cytosol
60. 36: Maximum yield of ATP from the complete metabolism of one glucose molecule
61. Translation; cytoplasm: Making protein from mRNA is called __________ and it occurs in the
__________
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