Bates Chapter 17 Neuro
Brain hhas h4 hregions h- h1.
hCerebrumh2. hDiencephalon
3. Brainstem
4. Cerebellum
Brain hhemisphere h- h1.
hFrontalh2. hParietal
3. Temporal
4. Occipatal
Neurons h- hInterconnecting hnerve hcells, hconsisting hof hcell hbodies
Axons h- hSingle hlong hfibers hconduct himpulses hto hother hparts hof hnervous hsystem
Basal hGanglia h(deep hin hbrain) h- hAffects hmovement
Thalamus h- hProcess hsensory himpulses
Hypothalamus h- hMaintains hhomeostasis h& htemperature hregulation, hHR, hBP
hAffects hendocrine hsystem
Governs hemotional hbehaviors he.g. hanger, hsexual hdrive
Hormones hact hdirectly hon hpituitary hgland hstructures hin hdiencephalon
Gray hmatter h- hAggregations hneuronal hcell hbodies.
Rims hsurfaces hof hcerebral hhemispheres h= hforms hcerebral hcortex
White hmatter h- hneuronal haxons hcoated hw hmyelin h(white hcolor),
hallowhnerve himpulses hto hrapidly htravel
Consciousness h- hinteractions hbetween hintact hcerebral hhemispheres h& hreticular
hactivatingh(arousal) hsystem hin h(*diencephalon h& hupper hbrainstem*)
Identify hthe
hfollowing...
hcerebellum
occipital hlobe
hparietal hlobe
hcorpus
hcallosumhfrontal
hlobe hmidbrain
pons
hmedulla
h-
Identify hthe
hfollowing...
hcerebellum
occipital hlobe
hwernicke's
harea
,Bates Chapter 17 Neuro
parietal hlobe
hpostcentral
hgyrushcentral
hsulcus
hprecentral
hsulcushfrontal
hlobe hlateral
hfissure hbroca's
harea htemporal
hlobe hmedula h-
Cerebellum h- hBase hof hbrain; h*coordinates hall hmovement*, hhelps hmaintain
*body hupright hin hspace*
Lumbar hpuncture h- hL3-L4 hor hL4-L5 hvertebral hinterspaces hto havoid hspinal hcord
hinjuries
Cauda hequina. h- hFan hout hlike ha hhorse's htail hat hL1-L2, hwhere hspinal hcord
hterminates
Spinal hcord h- hContains: hgrey hmatter h(aggregations hof hnerve hcell hnuclei h&
hdentrites) handhwhite hmatter h*connect hto hbrain hto hPNS*
Cord hprovides: hsegmental hrelays hwith hthe hperiphery, hservings has ha hconduit hfor hinfo
hflow htohand hfrom hbrain. hMotor hand hsensory hnerve hpathways henter/exit hthrough
hposterior/anterior hnerve hroots hand hspinal h& hpheripheral hnerves.
How hmany hpairs hof hspinal
hnerves?hCervical?
Thoracic?
hLumbar
hSacral?
Coccygeal? h- h31
hpairsh8 hcervical
12
hthoracich5
hlumbar
5 hsacral
1 hcoccygeal
Peripheral hnervous hsystem h(PNS) h- hCNS h& hperipheral hnerves. hproject hto hheart,
hvisceralhorgans, hskin, h& hlimbs
Pheripheral hnerves hincludes h- h*Spinal hand hpheripheral hnerves* hcarry himpulses hto
handhfrom hspinal hcord
Brain hstem h- hConnects hupper hbrain hw/ hspinal hcord. hConsist h3
hsections:h1. hMidbrain h(CN hII-IV)
2. Pons h(CN hV-VIII)
3. Medulla h(CN hIX-XII)
, Bates Chapter 17 Neuro
CN hIII-XIII hdiencephalon h& hbrainstem
CN hI h& hII hactual hfiber htracts hemerging hfrom hbrain
Cranial hnerve h- hOh, hOh, hOh, hTo hTouch hAnd hFeel hVirgin hGirls' hVaginas hand
hHymens
Ventral hRoot h- hMotor hneurons h(*efferent*)
1. hInvoluntary hcontrol
h(cardiac)h2. hVoluntary hcontrol
h(skeletal)
Dorsal hRoot h- hSensory hneurons h(*afferent*)
ie: htouching hhot hpot hsense hsensory hto hbrain.
Ganglion h- hlocations hsynapse hoccurs, h& hcell hbodies hlocated h(bundle hof hneurons)
Upper hmotor hneurons h- hLie hin hmotor hstrip hof h*cerebral hcortex h& hseveral hbrainstem
hnuclei*
Axons hsynapse hwith h*motor hnuclei* hin hbrainstem h(CNS) hand hspinal hcord
h(pheripheralhnerves)
Lower hmotor hneurons h- hCell hbodies hin hspinal hcord h*anterior hhorn hcell*; haxons
htransmit himpulses hthru h*anterior hroots hand hspinal hnerves* hinto hpheripheral
hnerves hterminating h@hneuromuscular hjunction
Afferent h- hCarries hinformation hIN, hto hCNS hto hbrain
Efferent h- hCarries hinformation hfrom hBrain hto hthe hCNS
Basal hGanglia hSystem h- hmotor hpathways hbetween hcerebral hcortex, hbasal hganglia,
hbrainstem h& hspinal hcord.
Helps hmaintain hmuscle htone hand hcontrol hbody hmovements, hespecially hgross
hautomatichmovement h(eg hwalking)
Motor hpathways: hCorticospinal h(pyramidal htract) h- h*Mediate hvoluntary
hmovement*hIntegrate hskilled, hcomplicated, hdelicate hmovements.
Carry himpulse hand hinhibit hmuscle htone.
Originate hMotor hcortex-Travels hdown hto hlower hmedula-cross hcontralateral hside
hmedulla-hsynapse hw/ hanterior hhorn hcells
Tracts hsynapsing hbrainstem hw/ hmotor hnuclei hof hcns hare htermed h*corticobulbar*
Damage hbasal hganglia hsystem h- hDoes hnot hcause hparalysis.
Brain hhas h4 hregions h- h1.
hCerebrumh2. hDiencephalon
3. Brainstem
4. Cerebellum
Brain hhemisphere h- h1.
hFrontalh2. hParietal
3. Temporal
4. Occipatal
Neurons h- hInterconnecting hnerve hcells, hconsisting hof hcell hbodies
Axons h- hSingle hlong hfibers hconduct himpulses hto hother hparts hof hnervous hsystem
Basal hGanglia h(deep hin hbrain) h- hAffects hmovement
Thalamus h- hProcess hsensory himpulses
Hypothalamus h- hMaintains hhomeostasis h& htemperature hregulation, hHR, hBP
hAffects hendocrine hsystem
Governs hemotional hbehaviors he.g. hanger, hsexual hdrive
Hormones hact hdirectly hon hpituitary hgland hstructures hin hdiencephalon
Gray hmatter h- hAggregations hneuronal hcell hbodies.
Rims hsurfaces hof hcerebral hhemispheres h= hforms hcerebral hcortex
White hmatter h- hneuronal haxons hcoated hw hmyelin h(white hcolor),
hallowhnerve himpulses hto hrapidly htravel
Consciousness h- hinteractions hbetween hintact hcerebral hhemispheres h& hreticular
hactivatingh(arousal) hsystem hin h(*diencephalon h& hupper hbrainstem*)
Identify hthe
hfollowing...
hcerebellum
occipital hlobe
hparietal hlobe
hcorpus
hcallosumhfrontal
hlobe hmidbrain
pons
hmedulla
h-
Identify hthe
hfollowing...
hcerebellum
occipital hlobe
hwernicke's
harea
,Bates Chapter 17 Neuro
parietal hlobe
hpostcentral
hgyrushcentral
hsulcus
hprecentral
hsulcushfrontal
hlobe hlateral
hfissure hbroca's
harea htemporal
hlobe hmedula h-
Cerebellum h- hBase hof hbrain; h*coordinates hall hmovement*, hhelps hmaintain
*body hupright hin hspace*
Lumbar hpuncture h- hL3-L4 hor hL4-L5 hvertebral hinterspaces hto havoid hspinal hcord
hinjuries
Cauda hequina. h- hFan hout hlike ha hhorse's htail hat hL1-L2, hwhere hspinal hcord
hterminates
Spinal hcord h- hContains: hgrey hmatter h(aggregations hof hnerve hcell hnuclei h&
hdentrites) handhwhite hmatter h*connect hto hbrain hto hPNS*
Cord hprovides: hsegmental hrelays hwith hthe hperiphery, hservings has ha hconduit hfor hinfo
hflow htohand hfrom hbrain. hMotor hand hsensory hnerve hpathways henter/exit hthrough
hposterior/anterior hnerve hroots hand hspinal h& hpheripheral hnerves.
How hmany hpairs hof hspinal
hnerves?hCervical?
Thoracic?
hLumbar
hSacral?
Coccygeal? h- h31
hpairsh8 hcervical
12
hthoracich5
hlumbar
5 hsacral
1 hcoccygeal
Peripheral hnervous hsystem h(PNS) h- hCNS h& hperipheral hnerves. hproject hto hheart,
hvisceralhorgans, hskin, h& hlimbs
Pheripheral hnerves hincludes h- h*Spinal hand hpheripheral hnerves* hcarry himpulses hto
handhfrom hspinal hcord
Brain hstem h- hConnects hupper hbrain hw/ hspinal hcord. hConsist h3
hsections:h1. hMidbrain h(CN hII-IV)
2. Pons h(CN hV-VIII)
3. Medulla h(CN hIX-XII)
, Bates Chapter 17 Neuro
CN hIII-XIII hdiencephalon h& hbrainstem
CN hI h& hII hactual hfiber htracts hemerging hfrom hbrain
Cranial hnerve h- hOh, hOh, hOh, hTo hTouch hAnd hFeel hVirgin hGirls' hVaginas hand
hHymens
Ventral hRoot h- hMotor hneurons h(*efferent*)
1. hInvoluntary hcontrol
h(cardiac)h2. hVoluntary hcontrol
h(skeletal)
Dorsal hRoot h- hSensory hneurons h(*afferent*)
ie: htouching hhot hpot hsense hsensory hto hbrain.
Ganglion h- hlocations hsynapse hoccurs, h& hcell hbodies hlocated h(bundle hof hneurons)
Upper hmotor hneurons h- hLie hin hmotor hstrip hof h*cerebral hcortex h& hseveral hbrainstem
hnuclei*
Axons hsynapse hwith h*motor hnuclei* hin hbrainstem h(CNS) hand hspinal hcord
h(pheripheralhnerves)
Lower hmotor hneurons h- hCell hbodies hin hspinal hcord h*anterior hhorn hcell*; haxons
htransmit himpulses hthru h*anterior hroots hand hspinal hnerves* hinto hpheripheral
hnerves hterminating h@hneuromuscular hjunction
Afferent h- hCarries hinformation hIN, hto hCNS hto hbrain
Efferent h- hCarries hinformation hfrom hBrain hto hthe hCNS
Basal hGanglia hSystem h- hmotor hpathways hbetween hcerebral hcortex, hbasal hganglia,
hbrainstem h& hspinal hcord.
Helps hmaintain hmuscle htone hand hcontrol hbody hmovements, hespecially hgross
hautomatichmovement h(eg hwalking)
Motor hpathways: hCorticospinal h(pyramidal htract) h- h*Mediate hvoluntary
hmovement*hIntegrate hskilled, hcomplicated, hdelicate hmovements.
Carry himpulse hand hinhibit hmuscle htone.
Originate hMotor hcortex-Travels hdown hto hlower hmedula-cross hcontralateral hside
hmedulla-hsynapse hw/ hanterior hhorn hcells
Tracts hsynapsing hbrainstem hw/ hmotor hnuclei hof hcns hare htermed h*corticobulbar*
Damage hbasal hganglia hsystem h- hDoes hnot hcause hparalysis.
