ATI Capstone OB 2025 Comprehensive Questions with the Verified Answers
Already Graded A+
Irritability
(EARLY)
Restlessness
Headache
S/S increased ICP
Decreased
LOC Pupil
changes
Abnormal breathing (Cheyenne stokes)
Abnormal posturing (decorticate or
deceribrate) Cushing's Triad
10-15 mmHg
ICP range
Over 15 = head injury/abnormal
Lumbar Puncture Spinal fluid sample to diagnose MS, syphilis, meningitis, cerebrospinal
fluid infection
*have pt void first
Lumbar Puncture Pre-procedure
Position pt in cannonball position on side OR stretch over table w/
rounded back
Pt lay flat for several hours
If dura Puncture site does not heal properly, CSF may leak =
Lumbar Puncture Post-procedure
SEVERE headache Sooo admin pain meds & encourage pt to
increase FL intake
Epidural blood patch may be used to seal hole if needed
Shellfish or iodine (w contrast only)
MRI precautions
Assess pt for claustrophobia, might give sedative
Remove jewelry
No metal implants (pacemaker; ortho joint; artificial heart
MRI pre-procedure
valve; IUD; aneurism clip) May give pt earplugs
Meningitis inflammation of the meninges of the brain and spinal cord
, MOST COMMON
No vaccine
Viral Meningitis
Usually resolves on own
(Risk factors: mumps, measles, arbovirus (West Nile), herpes)
Requires
antibiotics
Bacterial Meningitis
Highly
contagious
High
mortality rate
(Risk factors otitis media, sinusitis, pneumonia)
HIB (hemophil. influ. type B) vaccine for kids
MCV4 (meningitis) vaccine before college (bc dorms/close
Meningitis Prevention
quarters - risk factor) PPS vaccine
, Headache
Nuchal (neck)
Rigidity Fever &
chills
Photophobi
a N/V
Meningitis s/s
Positive Kernig's
sign Positive
Brudzinski's sign
Hyperactive DTRs
Seizures
Tachycardia
Restlessness & irritability
Altered LOC (confusion; lethargy; difficulty arousing; coma)
Positive = indicative of meningitis
Pt lays supine, bring in knees & try to straighten
Kernig's sign
leg, very painful Kernig's=Knee!!!
Positive = indicative of meningitis
Brudzinski's sign
Pt lays supine, lift neck, causes pain, bring in/flex knees
Lumbar Puncture for CSF
Meningitis Diagnosis Cloudy & decreased glucose = bacterial
meningitis Clear = viral meningitis
*elevated protein & WBC
DROPLET PRECAUTIONS (until ABX
for 24 hours) Provide quiet, room;
low light
Meningitis nursing care
HOB 30 degrees
Monitor for increased ICP (*irritability)
Instruct pt to avoid coughing & sneezing
(increases ICP) Implement sz precautions
Already Graded A+
Irritability
(EARLY)
Restlessness
Headache
S/S increased ICP
Decreased
LOC Pupil
changes
Abnormal breathing (Cheyenne stokes)
Abnormal posturing (decorticate or
deceribrate) Cushing's Triad
10-15 mmHg
ICP range
Over 15 = head injury/abnormal
Lumbar Puncture Spinal fluid sample to diagnose MS, syphilis, meningitis, cerebrospinal
fluid infection
*have pt void first
Lumbar Puncture Pre-procedure
Position pt in cannonball position on side OR stretch over table w/
rounded back
Pt lay flat for several hours
If dura Puncture site does not heal properly, CSF may leak =
Lumbar Puncture Post-procedure
SEVERE headache Sooo admin pain meds & encourage pt to
increase FL intake
Epidural blood patch may be used to seal hole if needed
Shellfish or iodine (w contrast only)
MRI precautions
Assess pt for claustrophobia, might give sedative
Remove jewelry
No metal implants (pacemaker; ortho joint; artificial heart
MRI pre-procedure
valve; IUD; aneurism clip) May give pt earplugs
Meningitis inflammation of the meninges of the brain and spinal cord
, MOST COMMON
No vaccine
Viral Meningitis
Usually resolves on own
(Risk factors: mumps, measles, arbovirus (West Nile), herpes)
Requires
antibiotics
Bacterial Meningitis
Highly
contagious
High
mortality rate
(Risk factors otitis media, sinusitis, pneumonia)
HIB (hemophil. influ. type B) vaccine for kids
MCV4 (meningitis) vaccine before college (bc dorms/close
Meningitis Prevention
quarters - risk factor) PPS vaccine
, Headache
Nuchal (neck)
Rigidity Fever &
chills
Photophobi
a N/V
Meningitis s/s
Positive Kernig's
sign Positive
Brudzinski's sign
Hyperactive DTRs
Seizures
Tachycardia
Restlessness & irritability
Altered LOC (confusion; lethargy; difficulty arousing; coma)
Positive = indicative of meningitis
Pt lays supine, bring in knees & try to straighten
Kernig's sign
leg, very painful Kernig's=Knee!!!
Positive = indicative of meningitis
Brudzinski's sign
Pt lays supine, lift neck, causes pain, bring in/flex knees
Lumbar Puncture for CSF
Meningitis Diagnosis Cloudy & decreased glucose = bacterial
meningitis Clear = viral meningitis
*elevated protein & WBC
DROPLET PRECAUTIONS (until ABX
for 24 hours) Provide quiet, room;
low light
Meningitis nursing care
HOB 30 degrees
Monitor for increased ICP (*irritability)
Instruct pt to avoid coughing & sneezing
(increases ICP) Implement sz precautions
