NURS 406 ATI_ MEDICAL SURGICAL RESPIRATORY & BOARD VITALS
NURS 406
ATI MEDICAL SURGICAL
RESPIRATORY & BOARD VITALS
(Exam Elaborations Questions & Answers Preparation)
, ATI MEDICAL SURGICAL RESPIRATORY & BOARD VITALS
1- A charge nurse receives notification of the admission of a client who is coughing frequently and
whose sputum is pink, frothy, and copious. The client has history of night sweats, anorexia, and
weight loss. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (SATA)
-Assign the client to a private room with negative-pressure airflow
-Wear an N95 respirator when entering the client’s room.
2- A nurse is assisting a provider with a comprehensive physical examination of a client. When the
provider uses transillumination, the nurse should explain to the client that this technique help
evaluate which of the following structures?
-Maxillary sinuses
3- A nurse is caring for a client who smokes cigarettes and has a new diagnosis of emphysema. How
should the nurse assist the client with smoking cessation?
-Discuss ways the client can reduce the number of cigarettes smoked per day.
4- A nurse is planning care for a client who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
and is malnourished. Which of the following recommendations to promote nutritional intake
shouldthe nurse include in the plan?
-Eat high-calorie food first.
Rational: client who has COPD experience early satiety. Client should eat calorie-dense food first.
5- A nurse is preparing to administer cisplatin IV to a client who has lung cancer. The nurse should
identify that which of the following findings is an adverse effect of this medication?
-Tinnitus.
Rational: An adverse effect of cisplatin is ototoxicity, which can cause tinnitus.
6- A nurse in a medical-surgical unit is assessing a client. The nurse should identify that which of
the following findings is a manifestation of a pulmonary embolism?
-Stabbing chest pain
Rational: sudden chest pain that is sharp and stabbing is a manifestation of pulmonary
embolism. Other manifestations include dyspnea, coughing, hemoptysis (coughing up blood),
tachypnea, tachycardia, diaphoresis, and feeling of impending doom.
,7- A nurse in the PACU is assessing a newly admitted client and observes intercostal retractions and
a high-pitched inspiratory sound (stridor). The nurse should identify theses findings as
manifestations of which of the following complications?
-Respiratory obstruction
8- A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who has metabolic alkalosis. Which of the
following laboratory values should the nurse expect?
-ph 7.49,HCO3-32mEq/L, PaCO2 40mmHg
Rational: Metabolic alkalosis: pH and bicarbonate values are greater than the expectedreferences
range, and the PaCO2 is within the expected reference range.
9- A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a chronic cough and is scheduled for a
bronchoscopy. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the
teaching?
-“A tissue sample might be obtained during the procedure”
10- A nurse is preparing a client for a bronchoscopy. Which of the following actions should the nurse
take? (SATA)
-Explain that the client will receive sedation and will not remember the procedure.
-Verify that the client understands the purpose and nature of the procedure.
11- A nurse is preparing a client for discharge following a bronchoscopy. Which of the
followingassessment is the nurse’s monitoring priority?
-Confirming the gag reflex
Rational: The greater risk to the client’s safety is aspiration resulting from a depressed gag reflex.
12- A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a thoracic lobectomy. The client has 2
chest tubes in place: 1 in the lower portion of the thorax and the other higher on the chest wall.
When a family member asks why the client has 2 chest tubes, which of the following responses
should the nurse make?
-“The lower tube will drain blood, and the higher tube will remove air.”
13- A nurse is providing teaching to a client who will undergo a total laryngectomy. Which of the
following statements indicate that the client understands the impact of the surgery?
, - “I understands that I will have a permanent tracheostomy after the surgery.”
Rational: With a partial laryngectomy, the tracheostomy is temporary. With the total laryngectomy the
tracheostomy will be permanent.
14- A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has a new laryngectomy. The nurse
tells the client to be careful while bathing to prevent which of the following complications?
-Aspiration of water.
Rational: This is a client with a tracheostomy, so he will need to use a shower shield over thestoma
when bathing or showering to keep water out of the airway.
15- A nurse is caring for a client who is extremely anxious and is hyperventilating. The client’s
ABG results are pH 7.50, PaCO2 27 mmHg, and HCO3-25 mEq/L. The nurse should identify
that theclient has which of the following acid-base imbalances?
-Respiratory alkalosis.
16- A nurse is planning postoperative education for a client who will undergo a radical neck
dissection for cancer of the larynx. The nurse should include which of the following topics?
(SATA)
-NPO status
-Alternative methods of communication
- Changes in body image
-Swallowing exercises.
17- A nurse in a clinic is providing teaching for a client who is scheduled to have a tuberculin
skintest. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include?
- “You must return to the clinic to have the test read in 2 or 3 days.”
18- A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who is postoperative following a rhinoplasty/
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
“Lie on your back with your head elevated 30º when resting.”
19- A nurse is preparing to assist provider with an arterial blood withdrawal from a client’sradial
artery for ABG measurements. Which of the following actions the nurse plan to take?
NURS 406
ATI MEDICAL SURGICAL
RESPIRATORY & BOARD VITALS
(Exam Elaborations Questions & Answers Preparation)
, ATI MEDICAL SURGICAL RESPIRATORY & BOARD VITALS
1- A charge nurse receives notification of the admission of a client who is coughing frequently and
whose sputum is pink, frothy, and copious. The client has history of night sweats, anorexia, and
weight loss. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (SATA)
-Assign the client to a private room with negative-pressure airflow
-Wear an N95 respirator when entering the client’s room.
2- A nurse is assisting a provider with a comprehensive physical examination of a client. When the
provider uses transillumination, the nurse should explain to the client that this technique help
evaluate which of the following structures?
-Maxillary sinuses
3- A nurse is caring for a client who smokes cigarettes and has a new diagnosis of emphysema. How
should the nurse assist the client with smoking cessation?
-Discuss ways the client can reduce the number of cigarettes smoked per day.
4- A nurse is planning care for a client who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
and is malnourished. Which of the following recommendations to promote nutritional intake
shouldthe nurse include in the plan?
-Eat high-calorie food first.
Rational: client who has COPD experience early satiety. Client should eat calorie-dense food first.
5- A nurse is preparing to administer cisplatin IV to a client who has lung cancer. The nurse should
identify that which of the following findings is an adverse effect of this medication?
-Tinnitus.
Rational: An adverse effect of cisplatin is ototoxicity, which can cause tinnitus.
6- A nurse in a medical-surgical unit is assessing a client. The nurse should identify that which of
the following findings is a manifestation of a pulmonary embolism?
-Stabbing chest pain
Rational: sudden chest pain that is sharp and stabbing is a manifestation of pulmonary
embolism. Other manifestations include dyspnea, coughing, hemoptysis (coughing up blood),
tachypnea, tachycardia, diaphoresis, and feeling of impending doom.
,7- A nurse in the PACU is assessing a newly admitted client and observes intercostal retractions and
a high-pitched inspiratory sound (stridor). The nurse should identify theses findings as
manifestations of which of the following complications?
-Respiratory obstruction
8- A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who has metabolic alkalosis. Which of the
following laboratory values should the nurse expect?
-ph 7.49,HCO3-32mEq/L, PaCO2 40mmHg
Rational: Metabolic alkalosis: pH and bicarbonate values are greater than the expectedreferences
range, and the PaCO2 is within the expected reference range.
9- A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a chronic cough and is scheduled for a
bronchoscopy. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the
teaching?
-“A tissue sample might be obtained during the procedure”
10- A nurse is preparing a client for a bronchoscopy. Which of the following actions should the nurse
take? (SATA)
-Explain that the client will receive sedation and will not remember the procedure.
-Verify that the client understands the purpose and nature of the procedure.
11- A nurse is preparing a client for discharge following a bronchoscopy. Which of the
followingassessment is the nurse’s monitoring priority?
-Confirming the gag reflex
Rational: The greater risk to the client’s safety is aspiration resulting from a depressed gag reflex.
12- A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a thoracic lobectomy. The client has 2
chest tubes in place: 1 in the lower portion of the thorax and the other higher on the chest wall.
When a family member asks why the client has 2 chest tubes, which of the following responses
should the nurse make?
-“The lower tube will drain blood, and the higher tube will remove air.”
13- A nurse is providing teaching to a client who will undergo a total laryngectomy. Which of the
following statements indicate that the client understands the impact of the surgery?
, - “I understands that I will have a permanent tracheostomy after the surgery.”
Rational: With a partial laryngectomy, the tracheostomy is temporary. With the total laryngectomy the
tracheostomy will be permanent.
14- A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has a new laryngectomy. The nurse
tells the client to be careful while bathing to prevent which of the following complications?
-Aspiration of water.
Rational: This is a client with a tracheostomy, so he will need to use a shower shield over thestoma
when bathing or showering to keep water out of the airway.
15- A nurse is caring for a client who is extremely anxious and is hyperventilating. The client’s
ABG results are pH 7.50, PaCO2 27 mmHg, and HCO3-25 mEq/L. The nurse should identify
that theclient has which of the following acid-base imbalances?
-Respiratory alkalosis.
16- A nurse is planning postoperative education for a client who will undergo a radical neck
dissection for cancer of the larynx. The nurse should include which of the following topics?
(SATA)
-NPO status
-Alternative methods of communication
- Changes in body image
-Swallowing exercises.
17- A nurse in a clinic is providing teaching for a client who is scheduled to have a tuberculin
skintest. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include?
- “You must return to the clinic to have the test read in 2 or 3 days.”
18- A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who is postoperative following a rhinoplasty/
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
“Lie on your back with your head elevated 30º when resting.”
19- A nurse is preparing to assist provider with an arterial blood withdrawal from a client’sradial
artery for ABG measurements. Which of the following actions the nurse plan to take?
