/Final Exam: NSG3100/ NSG 3100 (Latest 2025/ 2026
Update) Fundamental Concepts & Skills for Nursing
Practice 1 | Questions ad Verified Answers | 100 out of
100 |GRADED A – Galen.//
Question:
How do antiemetics work? (i.e. what is the physiology of nausea? what and where
are the receptors locate?)
Answer:
Antiemetics block the CTZ (chemoreceptor trigger zone) which suppresses nausea
and vomitting. These receptors are located near the medulla, outside the Blood
Brain Barrier
Question:
When should antiemetics be given?
Answer:
At least 1 hour before symptoms
Question:
List at least 4 classes of antiemetic agents. State their mechanism and potential side
effects.
Answer:
- anticholinergic: inhibits vagal transmission
- antihistamine: anticholinergic properties and block H1 receptors on CTZ
,- dopamine receptor blockers: block receptors in CTZ
- serotonin receptor blockers: block receptors in stomach and CTZ
Question:
What is the effect of isopropyl alcohol on preventing post-op nausea?
Answer:
It works as aromatherapy
Question:
What would be the laxative of choice for each of the following? A patient
recoverin from acute myocardial infarction (MI). A patient with a slow transit
time. A patient who requires bowel preparation before surgery.
Answer:
Myocardial Infarction: stool softener (Colace) because it avoids arrhythmia and
valsalva's maneuver
Slow transit time: fiber and bulk forming laxative which decreases the stool transit
time
Bowel Preparation before surgery: increase doses of hyperosmotic laxatives which
are fast working
Question:
What are the possible side effects of stimulant laxatives, hyperosmotic laxatives,
saline cathartics, and bulk-forming laxatives?
, Answer:
stimulant laxatives: can't be administered with antacids --> causes premature
dissolution in the stomach, GI distress, cathartic habit, patients could become
dependent
hyperosmotic laxatives: electrolyte imbalance
saline cathartics: suppresses bowel reflex causing you to lose electrolytes
bulk-forming laxatives: increase dose gradually to avoid discomfort
Question:
When should diarrhea be treated?
Answer:
at onset of symptoms
Question:
What are the causes of diarrhea?
Answer:
- infection
- viral
- bacteria
- absorption issues
- stress alters the motility of feces
- irritable bowel syndrome
- sorbital containing medications
- enteral feedings
Update) Fundamental Concepts & Skills for Nursing
Practice 1 | Questions ad Verified Answers | 100 out of
100 |GRADED A – Galen.//
Question:
How do antiemetics work? (i.e. what is the physiology of nausea? what and where
are the receptors locate?)
Answer:
Antiemetics block the CTZ (chemoreceptor trigger zone) which suppresses nausea
and vomitting. These receptors are located near the medulla, outside the Blood
Brain Barrier
Question:
When should antiemetics be given?
Answer:
At least 1 hour before symptoms
Question:
List at least 4 classes of antiemetic agents. State their mechanism and potential side
effects.
Answer:
- anticholinergic: inhibits vagal transmission
- antihistamine: anticholinergic properties and block H1 receptors on CTZ
,- dopamine receptor blockers: block receptors in CTZ
- serotonin receptor blockers: block receptors in stomach and CTZ
Question:
What is the effect of isopropyl alcohol on preventing post-op nausea?
Answer:
It works as aromatherapy
Question:
What would be the laxative of choice for each of the following? A patient
recoverin from acute myocardial infarction (MI). A patient with a slow transit
time. A patient who requires bowel preparation before surgery.
Answer:
Myocardial Infarction: stool softener (Colace) because it avoids arrhythmia and
valsalva's maneuver
Slow transit time: fiber and bulk forming laxative which decreases the stool transit
time
Bowel Preparation before surgery: increase doses of hyperosmotic laxatives which
are fast working
Question:
What are the possible side effects of stimulant laxatives, hyperosmotic laxatives,
saline cathartics, and bulk-forming laxatives?
, Answer:
stimulant laxatives: can't be administered with antacids --> causes premature
dissolution in the stomach, GI distress, cathartic habit, patients could become
dependent
hyperosmotic laxatives: electrolyte imbalance
saline cathartics: suppresses bowel reflex causing you to lose electrolytes
bulk-forming laxatives: increase dose gradually to avoid discomfort
Question:
When should diarrhea be treated?
Answer:
at onset of symptoms
Question:
What are the causes of diarrhea?
Answer:
- infection
- viral
- bacteria
- absorption issues
- stress alters the motility of feces
- irritable bowel syndrome
- sorbital containing medications
- enteral feedings
