NUR 112 FINAL EXAM REVIEW GEORGE C WALLACE STATE COMMUNITY
COLLEGE-HANCEVILLE NURSING COURSE 2025/2026 | VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+ | FUNDAMENTAL NURSING
CONCEPTS & PATIENT CARE STUDY GUIDE | GUARANTEED SUCCESS
Clara Barton (1812-1912) - CORRECT ANSWER - Organized nursing services during the
American Civil War; established the American Red Cross.
Linda Richards (1841-1926) - CORRECT ANSWER - Introduced nurse's notes & doctor's orders;
initiated the practice of wearing uniforms.
Lillian Wald (1867-1940) - CORRECT ANSWER - The founder of public health nursing;
established the Henry Street Settlement.
*Case Method (Total Care)* - CORRECT ANSWER - One-to-one care; one nurse provides all
aspects of care for one patient during a single shift.
*Advantages*: The nurse and patient work closely together, patients needs are readily met, nurses
have greater autonomy.
*Disadvantages*: High costs
*Uses*: Intensive care, L&D, private duty care
*Functional Nursing* - CORRECT ANSWER - - Task-oriented approach to care delivery.
- Implemented when inadequate staff
- Head nurse delegates task to team members who complete specific tasks rather than caring for
specific clients.
- Example: One nurse administers medication & changes dressings while another monitors orders &
communicates with physicians.
- Unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)—Critical component; provide basic care (feeding, bathing,
etc)
- *Advantage*: Cost effective
- *Disadvantage*: Care may be fragmented
,*Team Nursing* - CORRECT ANSWER - The RN leads a team composed of other RNs,
LPNs/LVNs, and nursing assistant personnel or technicians. The team members provide care to
patients under supervision of the RN. Hierarchal communication.
*Advantage: Collaborative* style encourages each member of the team to help the other members.
*Disadvantages*: Lack of continuity of care, may see an RN infrequently, *team leader does not
spend enough time with patient*. Ineffective if team leader has poor leadership skills.
*Primary Nursing* - CORRECT ANSWER - The RN assumes responsibility for a caseload of
patients at the bedside, and cares for the same clients during his/her shift from the time of
admission to discharge.
- Responsible for assessing patients, developing care plans, & providing direct care.
*Advantages*: Flexible, maintains continuity of care, increases nursing autonomy and promotes
collaboration between nurses and HCPs, improves patient-nurse relationship, reduces errors in
communication of orders.
*Disadvantages*: RN works with limited number of patients, other nurses must consult primary
nurse before changing care plan(s)
*Differentiated Practice* - CORRECT ANSWER - Practice that recognizes that education &
experience lead to differences in nursing care; each unit identifies expertise needed for the patients
& competencies required to deliver that care; nurses must put together a portfolio; patients are
assigned accordingly.
*Medicare* - CORRECT ANSWER - - *Health insurance program for:*
. People 65 or older
. People under 65 with certain disabilities
. People of all ages with ESRD (end stage renal disease)
- Part A Hospital Insurance- most pay no premium d/t payroll taxes
- Part B Medical Insurance- monthly premium
- Part C Medicare advantage plan
,- Part D Prescription drug coverage- monthly premium- provided by insurance companies
*Medicaid* - CORRECT ANSWER - - Joint federal and state program with limited income and
resources.
- Also offers benefits not normally covered by Medicare.
- Spend down- some states offer program
- Dual eligibility for Medicare & Medicaid
*Affordable Care Act* - CORRECT ANSWER - - Protected people's choice of doctors.
- *Put an end to lifetime limits on the care a person could receive.*
-*Now children with pre-existing conditions acquire and keep coverage.*
1.) Gown
2.) Mask
3.) Goggles / face shield
4.) Gloves - CORRECT ANSWER - Donning PPE order:
1.) Gloves
2.) Goggles / face shield
3.) Gown
4.) Mask - CORRECT ANSWER - Doffing PPE:
*P*ull pin
*A*im nozzle
*S*queeze handle
*S*weep towards base of fire - CORRECT ANSWER - What is the correct sequence for using a
fire extinguisher?
RACE:
*R*escue and remove clients in immediate danger
*A*ctivate alarm
, *C*ontain fire
*E*xtinguish fire - CORRECT ANSWER - What do you do if a fire occurs?
Assault - CORRECT ANSWER - - An *intentional threat* toward another person that places
them in *reasonable fear of harmful, imminent, or unwelcome contact*.
- *NO actual contact is necessary*
- Ex: A threat to tie a patient or to give an injection to quiet a patient when they have refused
consent.
Battery - CORRECT ANSWER - - *Intentional offensive touching without consent or lawful
jurisdiction*.
- May be harmful or merely offensive to the client (giving the injection or tying the client)
Negligence - CORRECT ANSWER - Conduct that *deviates from what a reasonable person
would do in a particular circumstance*.
- *Client must be owed a duty*
- *Breach of that duty*
- *Element of foreseeability*
- *Injury must have resulted as a direct result of breach of duty- causation* - CORRECT
ANSWER - Unintentional tort, *4 elements necessary for malpractice*:
- *Witnessing a patient's signature*
- Validating that the consent is *voluntary, that risks, benefits, & alternatives & right to refuse the
procedure were discussed with the patient by the health care provider*.
- * The patient should be competent*
- Informed consent is *accurately & appropriately filled out with date, time, & appropriate
signatures* - On the patient's chart before transporting the patient to the procedure area.
- If pt *refuses procedure then obtain written, signed, and witnessed documentation of refusal*. -
CORRECT ANSWER - *Nurse's role in informed consent is limited to*:
- *Diagnosis or condition that requires treatment*
COLLEGE-HANCEVILLE NURSING COURSE 2025/2026 | VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+ | FUNDAMENTAL NURSING
CONCEPTS & PATIENT CARE STUDY GUIDE | GUARANTEED SUCCESS
Clara Barton (1812-1912) - CORRECT ANSWER - Organized nursing services during the
American Civil War; established the American Red Cross.
Linda Richards (1841-1926) - CORRECT ANSWER - Introduced nurse's notes & doctor's orders;
initiated the practice of wearing uniforms.
Lillian Wald (1867-1940) - CORRECT ANSWER - The founder of public health nursing;
established the Henry Street Settlement.
*Case Method (Total Care)* - CORRECT ANSWER - One-to-one care; one nurse provides all
aspects of care for one patient during a single shift.
*Advantages*: The nurse and patient work closely together, patients needs are readily met, nurses
have greater autonomy.
*Disadvantages*: High costs
*Uses*: Intensive care, L&D, private duty care
*Functional Nursing* - CORRECT ANSWER - - Task-oriented approach to care delivery.
- Implemented when inadequate staff
- Head nurse delegates task to team members who complete specific tasks rather than caring for
specific clients.
- Example: One nurse administers medication & changes dressings while another monitors orders &
communicates with physicians.
- Unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)—Critical component; provide basic care (feeding, bathing,
etc)
- *Advantage*: Cost effective
- *Disadvantage*: Care may be fragmented
,*Team Nursing* - CORRECT ANSWER - The RN leads a team composed of other RNs,
LPNs/LVNs, and nursing assistant personnel or technicians. The team members provide care to
patients under supervision of the RN. Hierarchal communication.
*Advantage: Collaborative* style encourages each member of the team to help the other members.
*Disadvantages*: Lack of continuity of care, may see an RN infrequently, *team leader does not
spend enough time with patient*. Ineffective if team leader has poor leadership skills.
*Primary Nursing* - CORRECT ANSWER - The RN assumes responsibility for a caseload of
patients at the bedside, and cares for the same clients during his/her shift from the time of
admission to discharge.
- Responsible for assessing patients, developing care plans, & providing direct care.
*Advantages*: Flexible, maintains continuity of care, increases nursing autonomy and promotes
collaboration between nurses and HCPs, improves patient-nurse relationship, reduces errors in
communication of orders.
*Disadvantages*: RN works with limited number of patients, other nurses must consult primary
nurse before changing care plan(s)
*Differentiated Practice* - CORRECT ANSWER - Practice that recognizes that education &
experience lead to differences in nursing care; each unit identifies expertise needed for the patients
& competencies required to deliver that care; nurses must put together a portfolio; patients are
assigned accordingly.
*Medicare* - CORRECT ANSWER - - *Health insurance program for:*
. People 65 or older
. People under 65 with certain disabilities
. People of all ages with ESRD (end stage renal disease)
- Part A Hospital Insurance- most pay no premium d/t payroll taxes
- Part B Medical Insurance- monthly premium
- Part C Medicare advantage plan
,- Part D Prescription drug coverage- monthly premium- provided by insurance companies
*Medicaid* - CORRECT ANSWER - - Joint federal and state program with limited income and
resources.
- Also offers benefits not normally covered by Medicare.
- Spend down- some states offer program
- Dual eligibility for Medicare & Medicaid
*Affordable Care Act* - CORRECT ANSWER - - Protected people's choice of doctors.
- *Put an end to lifetime limits on the care a person could receive.*
-*Now children with pre-existing conditions acquire and keep coverage.*
1.) Gown
2.) Mask
3.) Goggles / face shield
4.) Gloves - CORRECT ANSWER - Donning PPE order:
1.) Gloves
2.) Goggles / face shield
3.) Gown
4.) Mask - CORRECT ANSWER - Doffing PPE:
*P*ull pin
*A*im nozzle
*S*queeze handle
*S*weep towards base of fire - CORRECT ANSWER - What is the correct sequence for using a
fire extinguisher?
RACE:
*R*escue and remove clients in immediate danger
*A*ctivate alarm
, *C*ontain fire
*E*xtinguish fire - CORRECT ANSWER - What do you do if a fire occurs?
Assault - CORRECT ANSWER - - An *intentional threat* toward another person that places
them in *reasonable fear of harmful, imminent, or unwelcome contact*.
- *NO actual contact is necessary*
- Ex: A threat to tie a patient or to give an injection to quiet a patient when they have refused
consent.
Battery - CORRECT ANSWER - - *Intentional offensive touching without consent or lawful
jurisdiction*.
- May be harmful or merely offensive to the client (giving the injection or tying the client)
Negligence - CORRECT ANSWER - Conduct that *deviates from what a reasonable person
would do in a particular circumstance*.
- *Client must be owed a duty*
- *Breach of that duty*
- *Element of foreseeability*
- *Injury must have resulted as a direct result of breach of duty- causation* - CORRECT
ANSWER - Unintentional tort, *4 elements necessary for malpractice*:
- *Witnessing a patient's signature*
- Validating that the consent is *voluntary, that risks, benefits, & alternatives & right to refuse the
procedure were discussed with the patient by the health care provider*.
- * The patient should be competent*
- Informed consent is *accurately & appropriately filled out with date, time, & appropriate
signatures* - On the patient's chart before transporting the patient to the procedure area.
- If pt *refuses procedure then obtain written, signed, and witnessed documentation of refusal*. -
CORRECT ANSWER - *Nurse's role in informed consent is limited to*:
- *Diagnosis or condition that requires treatment*
