Exam 3 Study Guide - Joints, Muscles, & Nervous System
Joints:
Synovial Joints
What are the 6 types of Synovial Joints? Name one example of each and the motion allowed by
it.
- Plane: intercarpal, intertarsal, joints between vertebral articular surfaces
- Hinge: elbow, interphalangeal joints
- Pivot: proximal radioulnar, atlantoaxial joints
- Condylar: metacarpophalangeal (knuckles), wrist joints
- Saddle: carpometacarpal joints of thumbs
- Ball and socket: shoulder and hip joints
What are the four ranges of motion of synovial joints?
1. Nonaxial: slipping movements only
2. Uniaxial: movement in one plane
3. Biaxial: movement in two planes
4. Multiaxial: movement in or around all three planes
What are three General Types of Movements at Synovial Joints? Give one example of each.
1. Gliding (ex. Intercarpal joints)
2. Angular movements (flexion, extension, hyperextension, abduction + adduction,
circumduction) (ex. Abduction of shoulders and hips)
3. Rotation: medial and lateral rotation (ex. Rotation of humerus and femur)
What are the two types of dislocations?
1. Subluxation (partial dislocation of a joint)
2. Luxation (forced out of alignment. Most common in shoulder)
What are the three structures in the unhappy triad?
1. Tibial (medial) collateral ligament
2. Medial meniscus
3. Anterior cruciate ligament
What is Bursitis? Inflammation of bursa.
What is Tendonitis? Inflammation of tendon sheaths.
What are the three types of arthritis and what is the difference between them?
- Osteoarthritis: wear and tear arthritis. Excessive break down of articular cartilage
,- Rheumatoid arthritis: AUTOIMMUNE! Immune system attacks articular cartilage.
Hands commonly affected.
- Gout: Uric acid crystals deposited in big toe.
, Muscles:
Tissue
What are the four characteristics of muscle tissue? Excitability (ability to respond to stimulus),
contractibility (ability to contract. NOT necessarily involving shortening of cell), extensibility
Joints:
Synovial Joints
What are the 6 types of Synovial Joints? Name one example of each and the motion allowed by
it.
- Plane: intercarpal, intertarsal, joints between vertebral articular surfaces
- Hinge: elbow, interphalangeal joints
- Pivot: proximal radioulnar, atlantoaxial joints
- Condylar: metacarpophalangeal (knuckles), wrist joints
- Saddle: carpometacarpal joints of thumbs
- Ball and socket: shoulder and hip joints
What are the four ranges of motion of synovial joints?
1. Nonaxial: slipping movements only
2. Uniaxial: movement in one plane
3. Biaxial: movement in two planes
4. Multiaxial: movement in or around all three planes
What are three General Types of Movements at Synovial Joints? Give one example of each.
1. Gliding (ex. Intercarpal joints)
2. Angular movements (flexion, extension, hyperextension, abduction + adduction,
circumduction) (ex. Abduction of shoulders and hips)
3. Rotation: medial and lateral rotation (ex. Rotation of humerus and femur)
What are the two types of dislocations?
1. Subluxation (partial dislocation of a joint)
2. Luxation (forced out of alignment. Most common in shoulder)
What are the three structures in the unhappy triad?
1. Tibial (medial) collateral ligament
2. Medial meniscus
3. Anterior cruciate ligament
What is Bursitis? Inflammation of bursa.
What is Tendonitis? Inflammation of tendon sheaths.
What are the three types of arthritis and what is the difference between them?
- Osteoarthritis: wear and tear arthritis. Excessive break down of articular cartilage
,- Rheumatoid arthritis: AUTOIMMUNE! Immune system attacks articular cartilage.
Hands commonly affected.
- Gout: Uric acid crystals deposited in big toe.
, Muscles:
Tissue
What are the four characteristics of muscle tissue? Excitability (ability to respond to stimulus),
contractibility (ability to contract. NOT necessarily involving shortening of cell), extensibility
