Pathophysiology 6th Edition Banasik Test Bank legendessays.COM Chapter 13: Alterations in Oxygen Transport Banasik: Pathophysiology, 6th Edition

Pathophysiology 6th Edition Banasik Test Bank legendessays .COM Chapter 13: Alterations in Oxygen Transport Banasik: Pathophysiology, 6th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The primary source of erythropoietin is provided by the a. bone marrow. b. kidney. c. lung. d. liver. ANS: B Erythropoietin is a hormone that is secreted into the bloodstream by the kidney. Bone marrow is not responsible for the production of erythropoietin. Hypoxia from low hemoglobin levels causes a decrease in tissue oxygen tension in the kidney, thereby relea sing the hormone erythropoietin. The liver is not associated with erythropoietin production. 2. Which condition is associated with an elevated reticulocyte count? a. Renal disease b. Aplastic anemia c. Hypertension d. Hemolytic anemia ANS: D Hemolytic anemia is associated with an increased number of circulating reticulocytes or reticulocytosis. Anemia of chronic renal failure is not associated with reticulocytosis. Legendessays. com Rather, it occurs from failure of the renal endocrine function. A plastic anemia is a stem cell disorder that is characterized by pancytopenia, a decrease in red cells, white cells, and platelets. Hypertension is not related to reticulocytosis. 3. The strength of the bond between oxygen and hemoglobin is known as the a. Bohr effect. b. oxygen -hemoglobin affinity. c. dissociation curve. d. hemoglobin synthesis. ANS: B The strength of the bond between oxygen and hemoglobin is called the oxygen -hemoglobin affinity. Hemoglobin saturation is higher when oxygen infinity is increased, and saturation Pathophysiology 6th Edition Banasik Test Bank legendessays .COM is lower when affinity is decreased. The Bohr effect occurs when the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve experiences a shift resulting from changes in PCO 2 and H+ concentration. The dissociation curve describes the relationship between the partial pressure of oxygen and hemoglobin saturation. Hemoglobin synthesis occurs in the immature red cell. 4. An increase in hemoglobin affinity for oxygen occurs with a. hyperthermia. b. shift to the right. c. elevated PCO 2. d. shift to the left. ANS: D An increase in oxygen affinity is known as a shift to the left on the dissociation curve. Hyperthermia does not have an effect on the hemoglobin affinity. Elevation in PCO 2 is seen with changes in pH. A decrease in the oxygen affinity is associated with a shift to the right on the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve. 5. What is necessary for red blood cell production? a. Phosphate b. Iron c. Magnesium d. Calcium ANS: B Immature r ed blood cells produce hemoglobin, which is composed of two pairs of polypeptide chains, the globins. Each globin has an attached heme molecule that contains iron. Dietary iron is transported through the plasma on the RBC membrane. Phosphates are not a nec essary component of red blood cell production. Magnesium is not a part of the production of red blood cells. Calcium is not involved in red blood cell production. 6. Red blood cells differ from other cell types in the body, because they a. contain cytoplasmic proteins. b. have no cytoplasmic organelles. c. have a longer life span. d. contain glycolytic enzymes. ANS: B LEGENDESSAYS.COM Red blood cells have no cytoplasmic organelles, nucleus, mitochondria, or ribosomes. Therefore, RBCs cannot sy nthesize protein or carry out oxidative reactions. Red blood cells are not capable of synthesizing protein because of their lack of organelles. Red blood cells