UCONN Biol 1108 Final – Herrick Questions And Answers.
The goldenrod gall fly lays its eggs on the buds of goldenrod plants. Larvae hatch from
the eggs and then chew through the goldenrod buds and into the stems. The gall fly
larvae saliva induces the goldenrod to generate a gall (an outgrowth of tissue, a ball-
shaped swelling on the stem). The larva will live inside the gall which provides food and
shelter for the developing larva.
The larvae are prey of both parasitoid wasps and birds. Wasps selectively prey on
larvae inside the smallest galls while birds selectively prey on larvae inside the largest
galls. The size of the gall made by the larvae is a heritable trait. Given this information,
we can conclude that the trait 'larval gall size' is subject to:
A. balancing selection.
B. stabilizing selection.
C. directional selection.
D. disruptional selection.
E. heterozygote advantage. - answer;-Stabilizing Selection
Most evolutionary mechanisms _____ genetic diversity, mutation _____ genetic
diversity by creating new alleles. - answer;-reduce, increase
5. A population with a novel adaptation has evolved that adaptation.
A. True
B. False
C. True, but only if the population is under sexual selection
D. False, but only if the population is under sexual selection - answer;-A. True
4. You find that a wild population of antelope is not in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium.
From this information alone, can you determine the mechanism of evolution operating
on the population?
A. yes
B. no - answer;-B) No
The term "N" refers to the size of a population, that is, the number of individuals in that
population. In general, in a sample of N individuals, the frequency of an allele is
A. the number of occurrences of the allele.
B. the number of occurrences of the allele divided by N.
C. the actual value of N
D. the number of occurrences of the allele divided by twice the number of individuals in
the sample (2N).
E. twice the number of occurrences of the allele divided by N. - answer;-D. the number
of occurrences of the allele divided by twice the number of individuals in the sample
(2N).
1. The peppered moth provides a well-known example of natural selection. The light-
colored form of the moth was predominant in England before the industrial revolution. In
the mid-nineteenth century, a dark-colored form appeared. The difference is produced
, UCONN Biol 1108 Final – Herrick Questions And Answers.
by a dominant allele of one gene. By about 1900, approximately 90% of the moths
around industrial areas were dark colored, whereas light-colored moths were still
abundant elsewhere. Apparently, birds could readily find the light moths against the
soot-darkened background in industrial areas and therefore were eating more light
moths. Recently, use of cleaner fuels has greatly reduced soot in the landscape, and
the dark-colored moths have been disappearing. Should the two forms of moths be
considered separate species?
A. No
B. Yes, because natural selection has affected the frequency of the two different forms.
C. Yes, because they have completely different color - answer;-No
Four populations of beetles look very similar, but the males have courtship dances that
look different from the dances of the other populations. What function would this
difference in dance likely serve if the populations came in contact?
A. a prezygotic isolating mechanism
B. a postzygotic isolating mechanism
C. a spatial/geographic reproductive isolating mechanism
D. a gametic reproductive isolating mechanism
E. none of the above - answer;-A. a prezygotic isolating mechanism
How are two different species most likely to evolve from one ancestral species?
A. allopatrically, after the ancestral species has split into two populations
B. phylogenetically, due to heterozygote advantage in hybrids
C. allopatrically, due to extensive inbreeding
D. sympatrically, due to extensive inbreeding
E. sympatrically, by a point mutation affecting morphology or behavior - answer;-A.
allopatrically, after the ancestral species has split into two populations
Which of the following statements is true regarding hybridization?
A. All of these choices are correct.
B. Hybridization can result in fertile offspring.
C. Hybridization involves the transfer of genetic material between members of similar
species.
D. Natural selection sometimes acts against progeny that result from hybridization.
E. Hybridization occurs in plants more often than in animals. - answer;-A. All of these
choices are correct.
It is thought that polar bears originated from a population of brown bears (Ursus arctos)
that became geographically isolated during a glaciation event that occurred about
150,000 years ago (Lindqvist et al., 2010).The origin of polar bears was the result of
A. allopatric speciation
B. sympatric speciation
C. polypatric speciation
D. peripatric speciation
, UCONN Biol 1108 Final – Herrick Questions And Answers.
E. monopatric speciation - answer;-A. allopatric speciation
6. The Sunshine periwinkle plant blooms in June while Summer periwinkle, a close
relative of Sunshine periwinkle , blooms in August. A researcher is raising a population
of Summer periwinkle in a controlled growth chamber. Over time the researcher
manipulated the day length in the growth chamber and eventually manages to induce
some individuals of Summer periwinkle to bloom in June. The researcher finds that she
can cross these individuals with Sunshine periwinkle individuals and they produce
viable, fertile offspring. What can she conclude about Sunshine periwinkle and Summer
periwinkle?
A. These plants are not a good example of separate species.
B. These plants are genetically incompatible.
C. These plants are temporally reproductively isolated from each other.
D. The fact that Summer periwinkle blooming time can be manipulated suggests it
should not be regarded as a species distinct from Sunshine periwinkle.
E. Th - answer;-C. These plants are temporally reproductively isolated from each other.
A polytomy is a graphical depiction of what type of relationship between groups?
A. The common ancestor and all of its sister groups.
B. The common ancestor node with no resolution among descendant groups.
C. A large, monophyletic group of related organisms.
D. Multiple unresolved lines of ancestors for a single organism.
E. A reflection of major divergence between sister groups. - answer;-B. The common
ancestor node with no resolution among descendant groups.
Phylogenetic trees are:
A. Hypotheses
B. built using observed data
C. the truth
D. both a and b are correct
E. a, b, and c are all correct - answer;-D. both a and b are correct
Which phylogenetic group includes only an ancestor and all descendants the ancestor?
A. monophyletic
B. paraphyletic
C. polyphyletic
D. genus
E. heterophyletic - answer;-A. monophyletic
When comparing trees with various hypotheses of evolutionary relationships between a
group of animals, the tree with ______ would be the strongest candidate.
A. the fewest changes
B. three changes
C. four changes
The goldenrod gall fly lays its eggs on the buds of goldenrod plants. Larvae hatch from
the eggs and then chew through the goldenrod buds and into the stems. The gall fly
larvae saliva induces the goldenrod to generate a gall (an outgrowth of tissue, a ball-
shaped swelling on the stem). The larva will live inside the gall which provides food and
shelter for the developing larva.
The larvae are prey of both parasitoid wasps and birds. Wasps selectively prey on
larvae inside the smallest galls while birds selectively prey on larvae inside the largest
galls. The size of the gall made by the larvae is a heritable trait. Given this information,
we can conclude that the trait 'larval gall size' is subject to:
A. balancing selection.
B. stabilizing selection.
C. directional selection.
D. disruptional selection.
E. heterozygote advantage. - answer;-Stabilizing Selection
Most evolutionary mechanisms _____ genetic diversity, mutation _____ genetic
diversity by creating new alleles. - answer;-reduce, increase
5. A population with a novel adaptation has evolved that adaptation.
A. True
B. False
C. True, but only if the population is under sexual selection
D. False, but only if the population is under sexual selection - answer;-A. True
4. You find that a wild population of antelope is not in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium.
From this information alone, can you determine the mechanism of evolution operating
on the population?
A. yes
B. no - answer;-B) No
The term "N" refers to the size of a population, that is, the number of individuals in that
population. In general, in a sample of N individuals, the frequency of an allele is
A. the number of occurrences of the allele.
B. the number of occurrences of the allele divided by N.
C. the actual value of N
D. the number of occurrences of the allele divided by twice the number of individuals in
the sample (2N).
E. twice the number of occurrences of the allele divided by N. - answer;-D. the number
of occurrences of the allele divided by twice the number of individuals in the sample
(2N).
1. The peppered moth provides a well-known example of natural selection. The light-
colored form of the moth was predominant in England before the industrial revolution. In
the mid-nineteenth century, a dark-colored form appeared. The difference is produced
, UCONN Biol 1108 Final – Herrick Questions And Answers.
by a dominant allele of one gene. By about 1900, approximately 90% of the moths
around industrial areas were dark colored, whereas light-colored moths were still
abundant elsewhere. Apparently, birds could readily find the light moths against the
soot-darkened background in industrial areas and therefore were eating more light
moths. Recently, use of cleaner fuels has greatly reduced soot in the landscape, and
the dark-colored moths have been disappearing. Should the two forms of moths be
considered separate species?
A. No
B. Yes, because natural selection has affected the frequency of the two different forms.
C. Yes, because they have completely different color - answer;-No
Four populations of beetles look very similar, but the males have courtship dances that
look different from the dances of the other populations. What function would this
difference in dance likely serve if the populations came in contact?
A. a prezygotic isolating mechanism
B. a postzygotic isolating mechanism
C. a spatial/geographic reproductive isolating mechanism
D. a gametic reproductive isolating mechanism
E. none of the above - answer;-A. a prezygotic isolating mechanism
How are two different species most likely to evolve from one ancestral species?
A. allopatrically, after the ancestral species has split into two populations
B. phylogenetically, due to heterozygote advantage in hybrids
C. allopatrically, due to extensive inbreeding
D. sympatrically, due to extensive inbreeding
E. sympatrically, by a point mutation affecting morphology or behavior - answer;-A.
allopatrically, after the ancestral species has split into two populations
Which of the following statements is true regarding hybridization?
A. All of these choices are correct.
B. Hybridization can result in fertile offspring.
C. Hybridization involves the transfer of genetic material between members of similar
species.
D. Natural selection sometimes acts against progeny that result from hybridization.
E. Hybridization occurs in plants more often than in animals. - answer;-A. All of these
choices are correct.
It is thought that polar bears originated from a population of brown bears (Ursus arctos)
that became geographically isolated during a glaciation event that occurred about
150,000 years ago (Lindqvist et al., 2010).The origin of polar bears was the result of
A. allopatric speciation
B. sympatric speciation
C. polypatric speciation
D. peripatric speciation
, UCONN Biol 1108 Final – Herrick Questions And Answers.
E. monopatric speciation - answer;-A. allopatric speciation
6. The Sunshine periwinkle plant blooms in June while Summer periwinkle, a close
relative of Sunshine periwinkle , blooms in August. A researcher is raising a population
of Summer periwinkle in a controlled growth chamber. Over time the researcher
manipulated the day length in the growth chamber and eventually manages to induce
some individuals of Summer periwinkle to bloom in June. The researcher finds that she
can cross these individuals with Sunshine periwinkle individuals and they produce
viable, fertile offspring. What can she conclude about Sunshine periwinkle and Summer
periwinkle?
A. These plants are not a good example of separate species.
B. These plants are genetically incompatible.
C. These plants are temporally reproductively isolated from each other.
D. The fact that Summer periwinkle blooming time can be manipulated suggests it
should not be regarded as a species distinct from Sunshine periwinkle.
E. Th - answer;-C. These plants are temporally reproductively isolated from each other.
A polytomy is a graphical depiction of what type of relationship between groups?
A. The common ancestor and all of its sister groups.
B. The common ancestor node with no resolution among descendant groups.
C. A large, monophyletic group of related organisms.
D. Multiple unresolved lines of ancestors for a single organism.
E. A reflection of major divergence between sister groups. - answer;-B. The common
ancestor node with no resolution among descendant groups.
Phylogenetic trees are:
A. Hypotheses
B. built using observed data
C. the truth
D. both a and b are correct
E. a, b, and c are all correct - answer;-D. both a and b are correct
Which phylogenetic group includes only an ancestor and all descendants the ancestor?
A. monophyletic
B. paraphyletic
C. polyphyletic
D. genus
E. heterophyletic - answer;-A. monophyletic
When comparing trees with various hypotheses of evolutionary relationships between a
group of animals, the tree with ______ would be the strongest candidate.
A. the fewest changes
B. three changes
C. four changes
