IMB 401 VIROLOGY EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS #4
2025-2026
What is a virion? - correct answer A complete virus particle, containing genome
packaged into a protein coat and sometimes a lipid bilayer envelope
Acute viral infection - correct answer synthesis of thousands of new virons, usually
accompanied by cell death --> usually in blood
Latent infection - correct answer Persistent infection with recurrent symptoms that
"come and go". Virus is not in the blood but is in the cell. Ex. Herpes, HPV
Slow chronic - correct answer
When do we reach the viral set point? - correct answer In a persistent infection
Describe the general structure of human viruses - correct answer Genome made of
either DNA or RNA (single or double stranded), a capsid (protein shell, naked nacpsid,
or nucleocapsid), envelope (if present, depends on virus), that is usually derived from
cellular membranes.
What is the function go the viral capsid? - correct answer protect from enzymes,
transport and deliver their genome
What is the function of the viral envelope? - correct answer protecting the RNA or DNA
molecule(s), evading recognition by the immune system, and facilitating virus entry,
increase infectivity with glycoproteins, envelope proteins bind to receptors on the host
cell to aid in fusion with cell membrane.
Why are naked viruses harder to kill than enveloped viruses? - correct answer because
they lack a lipid envelope, they more resistant to many disinfectants and other stresses
like drying out or heat
Nucleocapsid - correct answer complete complex of nucleic acid and protein packaged
in the virion, found between the genome and matrix.
Matrix protein - correct answer Serves as a bridge between nucleocapsid and inner
membrane of envelope
Name a virus with a double stranded linear DNA genome - correct answer
Herpesviruses, and adenoviruses
Name a virus with a double stranded circular DNA genome - correct answer
Papillomaviruses
,Name a virus with a double stranded incomplete DNA genome - correct answer
Hepatitis B virus
Name a virus with a single stranded DNA genome - correct answer Parvoviruses
Name a virus with a single stranded linear RNA genome - correct answer Hep C virus,
enterovirus
Name a virus with a single stranded segmented RNA genome - correct answer
Influenza virus
Name a virus with a single stranded circular RNA genome - correct answer Hepatitis D
virus
Name a virus with a double stranded segmented RNA genome - correct answer
Reoviruses
Capsomere - correct answer surface protein structure composed of 5/6 individual
protein molecules
Helical/Spherical capsid structures - correct answer Helical = nucleocapsid-protein
subunits bind with genome to form helix
Spherical = icosahedral-20 triangular faces
Virus family suffix - correct answer -viridae es. Herpesviridae
Virus subfamily suffix - correct answer -virinae es. Herpesvirinae
Virus genera suffix - correct answer -virus ex. Simplexvirus
Virus species - correct answer with virus ex. Herpes simplex virus 2
Picornaviruses virion, genome, and members - correct answer Virion: Icosahedron,
naked
Genome: + RNA, ss linear
Members: poliovirus, hep A, rhinovirus, human enteroviruses
Arenaviruses virion, genome, and members - correct answer Virion: helical, enveloped
Genome: 2 ss linear segments ambisense (+/-)
Members: Lassa virus
Caliciviruses virion, genome, and members - correct answer Virion: Icosahedron, naked
Genome: + RNA ss Lineasr
Members: Norwalk-like viruses of humans
, Rhabdoviruses virion, genome, and members - correct answer Virion: helical,
enveloped
Genome: - RNA, ss Linear
Members: Rabies virus
Retroviruses virion, genome, and members - correct answer Virion: Icosahedron,
enveloped
Genome: + RNA ss diploid
Members: HIV, HTLV
Togaviruses virion, genome, and members - correct answer Virion: Icosahedron,
enveloped
Genome: + RNA, ss linear
Members: rubella virus
Flaviviruses virion, genome, and members - correct answer Virion: Icosahedron,
enveloped
Genome: +RNA, ss linear
Members: West Nile fever, hep C virus
Orthomyxoviruses virion, genome, and members - correct answer Virion: Helical,
enveloped
Genome: 8ss - RNA linear segments
Members: Type A and B influenza viruses
Coronaviruses virion, genome, and members - correct answer Virion: helical, enveloped
Genome: +RNA, ss linear
Members: SARS
Filoviruses virion, genome, and members - correct answer Virion: helical, enveloped
Genome: - RNA, ss linear
Members: Ebola
Bunyaviruses virion, genome, and members - correct answer Virion: helical, enveloped
Genome: 3 ss linear - and +/- RNA segments
Members: Hantavirus
Paramyxoviruses virion, genome, and members - correct answer virion: helical
Genome: - RNA, ss linear
Members: parainfluenza, mumps, measles, RSV
Reoviruses virion, genome, and members - correct answer Virion: Icosahedron, naked
Genome: 10 ds linear RNA segments
Members: colorado tick fever virus, human rotaviruses
Parvoviruses virion, genome, and members - correct answer Virion: icosahedron, naked
2025-2026
What is a virion? - correct answer A complete virus particle, containing genome
packaged into a protein coat and sometimes a lipid bilayer envelope
Acute viral infection - correct answer synthesis of thousands of new virons, usually
accompanied by cell death --> usually in blood
Latent infection - correct answer Persistent infection with recurrent symptoms that
"come and go". Virus is not in the blood but is in the cell. Ex. Herpes, HPV
Slow chronic - correct answer
When do we reach the viral set point? - correct answer In a persistent infection
Describe the general structure of human viruses - correct answer Genome made of
either DNA or RNA (single or double stranded), a capsid (protein shell, naked nacpsid,
or nucleocapsid), envelope (if present, depends on virus), that is usually derived from
cellular membranes.
What is the function go the viral capsid? - correct answer protect from enzymes,
transport and deliver their genome
What is the function of the viral envelope? - correct answer protecting the RNA or DNA
molecule(s), evading recognition by the immune system, and facilitating virus entry,
increase infectivity with glycoproteins, envelope proteins bind to receptors on the host
cell to aid in fusion with cell membrane.
Why are naked viruses harder to kill than enveloped viruses? - correct answer because
they lack a lipid envelope, they more resistant to many disinfectants and other stresses
like drying out or heat
Nucleocapsid - correct answer complete complex of nucleic acid and protein packaged
in the virion, found between the genome and matrix.
Matrix protein - correct answer Serves as a bridge between nucleocapsid and inner
membrane of envelope
Name a virus with a double stranded linear DNA genome - correct answer
Herpesviruses, and adenoviruses
Name a virus with a double stranded circular DNA genome - correct answer
Papillomaviruses
,Name a virus with a double stranded incomplete DNA genome - correct answer
Hepatitis B virus
Name a virus with a single stranded DNA genome - correct answer Parvoviruses
Name a virus with a single stranded linear RNA genome - correct answer Hep C virus,
enterovirus
Name a virus with a single stranded segmented RNA genome - correct answer
Influenza virus
Name a virus with a single stranded circular RNA genome - correct answer Hepatitis D
virus
Name a virus with a double stranded segmented RNA genome - correct answer
Reoviruses
Capsomere - correct answer surface protein structure composed of 5/6 individual
protein molecules
Helical/Spherical capsid structures - correct answer Helical = nucleocapsid-protein
subunits bind with genome to form helix
Spherical = icosahedral-20 triangular faces
Virus family suffix - correct answer -viridae es. Herpesviridae
Virus subfamily suffix - correct answer -virinae es. Herpesvirinae
Virus genera suffix - correct answer -virus ex. Simplexvirus
Virus species - correct answer with virus ex. Herpes simplex virus 2
Picornaviruses virion, genome, and members - correct answer Virion: Icosahedron,
naked
Genome: + RNA, ss linear
Members: poliovirus, hep A, rhinovirus, human enteroviruses
Arenaviruses virion, genome, and members - correct answer Virion: helical, enveloped
Genome: 2 ss linear segments ambisense (+/-)
Members: Lassa virus
Caliciviruses virion, genome, and members - correct answer Virion: Icosahedron, naked
Genome: + RNA ss Lineasr
Members: Norwalk-like viruses of humans
, Rhabdoviruses virion, genome, and members - correct answer Virion: helical,
enveloped
Genome: - RNA, ss Linear
Members: Rabies virus
Retroviruses virion, genome, and members - correct answer Virion: Icosahedron,
enveloped
Genome: + RNA ss diploid
Members: HIV, HTLV
Togaviruses virion, genome, and members - correct answer Virion: Icosahedron,
enveloped
Genome: + RNA, ss linear
Members: rubella virus
Flaviviruses virion, genome, and members - correct answer Virion: Icosahedron,
enveloped
Genome: +RNA, ss linear
Members: West Nile fever, hep C virus
Orthomyxoviruses virion, genome, and members - correct answer Virion: Helical,
enveloped
Genome: 8ss - RNA linear segments
Members: Type A and B influenza viruses
Coronaviruses virion, genome, and members - correct answer Virion: helical, enveloped
Genome: +RNA, ss linear
Members: SARS
Filoviruses virion, genome, and members - correct answer Virion: helical, enveloped
Genome: - RNA, ss linear
Members: Ebola
Bunyaviruses virion, genome, and members - correct answer Virion: helical, enveloped
Genome: 3 ss linear - and +/- RNA segments
Members: Hantavirus
Paramyxoviruses virion, genome, and members - correct answer virion: helical
Genome: - RNA, ss linear
Members: parainfluenza, mumps, measles, RSV
Reoviruses virion, genome, and members - correct answer Virion: Icosahedron, naked
Genome: 10 ds linear RNA segments
Members: colorado tick fever virus, human rotaviruses
Parvoviruses virion, genome, and members - correct answer Virion: icosahedron, naked
