EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY EXAM
2 OPEN ENDED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
What are the different kinds of development? - Correct Answers -Physical, social,
personal, and cognitive
What are three questions about development and three general principles? - Correct
Answers -Questions: whether development is shaped more by nature or nurture,
whether change is a continuous process or involves qualitative differences or stages,
and whether there are critical times for the development of certain abilities.
Principles: People develop at different rates, development is relatively orderly, and
development takes place gradually.
What is lateralization and why is it important? - Correct Answers -Lateralization is the
specialization of the two sides, or hemispheres, of the brain. The brain begins to
lateralize soon after birth. For most people, the left hemisphere is the major factor in
language, and the right hemisphere is prominent in spatial and visual processing. Even
though certain functions are associated with certain parts of the brain, the various parts
and systems of the brain work together to learn and perform complex activities such as
reading and to construct understanding.
What are the main influences on cognitive development? - Correct Answers -
Maturation, activity, social experience, and equilibration. In response to these
influences, thinking processes and knowledge develop through changes in the
organization of thought and through adaptation (assimilation and accommodation)
What is a scheme? - Correct Answers -The basic building blocks of thinking. They are
organized systems of actions or thought that allow us to mentally represent or "think
about" the objects and events in our world. Schemes can be small and specific, or
larger and more general.
What are the differences between Piaget and Vygotsky's perspectives on private
speech and its role in development? - Correct Answers -Vygotsky: Cognitive
development hinges on social interaction and the development of language.
Emphasized the role played by adults and more able peers in children's learning.
Piaget: Suggests that private speech is an indication of the child's egocentrism.
Believes in collective monologue.
2 OPEN ENDED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
What are the different kinds of development? - Correct Answers -Physical, social,
personal, and cognitive
What are three questions about development and three general principles? - Correct
Answers -Questions: whether development is shaped more by nature or nurture,
whether change is a continuous process or involves qualitative differences or stages,
and whether there are critical times for the development of certain abilities.
Principles: People develop at different rates, development is relatively orderly, and
development takes place gradually.
What is lateralization and why is it important? - Correct Answers -Lateralization is the
specialization of the two sides, or hemispheres, of the brain. The brain begins to
lateralize soon after birth. For most people, the left hemisphere is the major factor in
language, and the right hemisphere is prominent in spatial and visual processing. Even
though certain functions are associated with certain parts of the brain, the various parts
and systems of the brain work together to learn and perform complex activities such as
reading and to construct understanding.
What are the main influences on cognitive development? - Correct Answers -
Maturation, activity, social experience, and equilibration. In response to these
influences, thinking processes and knowledge develop through changes in the
organization of thought and through adaptation (assimilation and accommodation)
What is a scheme? - Correct Answers -The basic building blocks of thinking. They are
organized systems of actions or thought that allow us to mentally represent or "think
about" the objects and events in our world. Schemes can be small and specific, or
larger and more general.
What are the differences between Piaget and Vygotsky's perspectives on private
speech and its role in development? - Correct Answers -Vygotsky: Cognitive
development hinges on social interaction and the development of language.
Emphasized the role played by adults and more able peers in children's learning.
Piaget: Suggests that private speech is an indication of the child's egocentrism.
Believes in collective monologue.
