2025 EDITION | NCLEX-NGN READY
MED-SURG SURVIVAL GUIDE
DIABETES & ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
"Don't Memorize. Understand."
The Master Cheat Sheet for Nursing Students
INCLUDES HIGH-YIELD TOPICS:
Type 1 vs Type 2: The "Rusty Lock" Analogy (Finally understand Insulin Resistance
vs. Deficiency)
Mnemonics: "Hot & Dry" vs "Cold & Clammy" (Instantly dis nguish Hyperglycemia
vs. Hypoglycemia)
Insulin Peak Time Charts (Rapid, Short, NPH & Long-Ac ng Safety Rules)
NGN Case Study: Diabe c Ketoacidosis (DKA) (Real Clinical Judgment Prac ce with
Answer Key)
INDEPENDENT STUDY AID
Based on OpenStax Medical-Surgical Nursing
, DIABETES MASTER CHEAT SHEET
1. Type 1 vs. Type 2 Showdown
Type of
Typical Pa ent The Fix (Insulin vs. Oral
Diabetes The Problem (Pathology)
(Age/Risk Factors) Meds)
Mellitus
Typically begins in
Autoimmune disease that childhood or
Insulin is required for
damages the beta cells of adolescence. Risk
Type 1 treatment. Synthe c insulin
the pancreas, preven ng factors include age or
(T1DM) must be administered by
them from producing family history. Can also
injec on or infusion.
insulin. be caused by certain
viral infec ons.
Cells of the body become Highly correlated with
resistant to the effects of obesity and inac vity.
Treatment may include oral
insulin. The pancreas Risks include being age
an hyperglycemics or
ini ally increases insulin 45 or older or of certain
insulin if other treatments
Type 2 produc on, but may ethnic descents
are insufficient. Me ormin
(T2DM) eventually be unable to (American Indian, Black,
(a biguanide) is the
produce insulin over Hispanic, La nx, or
preferred ini al
me. Accounts for Alaska Na ve). Family
pharmacologic agent.
approximately 95% of all history of T2DM is also a
cases. risk factor.
MED-SURG SURVIVAL GUIDE
DIABETES & ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
"Don't Memorize. Understand."
The Master Cheat Sheet for Nursing Students
INCLUDES HIGH-YIELD TOPICS:
Type 1 vs Type 2: The "Rusty Lock" Analogy (Finally understand Insulin Resistance
vs. Deficiency)
Mnemonics: "Hot & Dry" vs "Cold & Clammy" (Instantly dis nguish Hyperglycemia
vs. Hypoglycemia)
Insulin Peak Time Charts (Rapid, Short, NPH & Long-Ac ng Safety Rules)
NGN Case Study: Diabe c Ketoacidosis (DKA) (Real Clinical Judgment Prac ce with
Answer Key)
INDEPENDENT STUDY AID
Based on OpenStax Medical-Surgical Nursing
, DIABETES MASTER CHEAT SHEET
1. Type 1 vs. Type 2 Showdown
Type of
Typical Pa ent The Fix (Insulin vs. Oral
Diabetes The Problem (Pathology)
(Age/Risk Factors) Meds)
Mellitus
Typically begins in
Autoimmune disease that childhood or
Insulin is required for
damages the beta cells of adolescence. Risk
Type 1 treatment. Synthe c insulin
the pancreas, preven ng factors include age or
(T1DM) must be administered by
them from producing family history. Can also
injec on or infusion.
insulin. be caused by certain
viral infec ons.
Cells of the body become Highly correlated with
resistant to the effects of obesity and inac vity.
Treatment may include oral
insulin. The pancreas Risks include being age
an hyperglycemics or
ini ally increases insulin 45 or older or of certain
insulin if other treatments
Type 2 produc on, but may ethnic descents
are insufficient. Me ormin
(T2DM) eventually be unable to (American Indian, Black,
(a biguanide) is the
produce insulin over Hispanic, La nx, or
preferred ini al
me. Accounts for Alaska Na ve). Family
pharmacologic agent.
approximately 95% of all history of T2DM is also a
cases. risk factor.
