ECPI Bio112 Chapter 1 Introduction Exam Questions With Reviewed 100%
Correct Detailed Answers Guaranteed Pass!
Anatomy The study of the structure of the body
Physiology The study of how the body functions
Subatomic Particles: protons, electrons, neurons.-> Atoms:
makeup chemicals (carbon)-> Molecules: atoms formed
together (water) -> Macromolecules: large
particles made up of a mass of molecules (DNA) -> Organelles:
Levels of Organization
functional parts of a cell (lysosomes) ->
Cells: basic unit of structure. ->Tissue: a group of cells with
similar functions (adipose tissue) -> Organs: a group of tissue
with different functions (heart) -> Organ System: a group of
organs with common functions (digestive system) -> Organism:
composed of interacting organ systems (humans)
Growth, Reproduction, Responsiveness, Movement,
Characteristics of Life
Metabolism, Respiration, Digestion, Circulation, &
Excretion
Water: most abundant substance in the body
Food: provides necessary nutrients to supply
Requirements of Organisms energy Oxygen: releases energy from food
Heat: a form of energy, also helps maintain body
temp. Pressure: application of force on an
object.
Atmospheric Pressure Important for breathing
Hydrostatic Pressure Keeps blood flowing
Homeostasis The maintaining of a stable internal environment
A self-regulating system that monitors aspects of the internal
Homeostatic Mechanisms
environment & makes corrections as needed.
Parts of Homeostatic Mechanisms Receptors, Control Center, Effectors
Receptors Detects & provides information about the stimuli
Control Center The decision maker that maintains a set point.
A muscle or gland that responds to the control center &
Effector
causes the necessary changes to the internal environment.
, Is the most common type of homeostatic mechanisms.
- the response of change moves the variable in the
Negative Feedback
opposite direction of the deviation from the set point
- prevents sudden and severe changes in the body
Uncommon type of feedback
- the change in deviation is intensified rather than reversed
Positive Feedback - effector is increased initially rather then decreasing
- produces unstable conditions, that seem like they won't
reach homeostasis, but eventually will.
- Axial Portion
Two Main Portions of the Body
- Appendicular Portion
Axial Portion Contains the head, neck & trunk
Appendicular Portion Contains both the upper & lower limbs
- CranialCavity
- Vertebral Cavity
Cavities in the Axial Portion
- Thoracic Cavity
- Abdominopelvic Cavity
Cranial Cavity Houses the brain
Vertebral Cavity Contains the spinal cord
Correct Detailed Answers Guaranteed Pass!
Anatomy The study of the structure of the body
Physiology The study of how the body functions
Subatomic Particles: protons, electrons, neurons.-> Atoms:
makeup chemicals (carbon)-> Molecules: atoms formed
together (water) -> Macromolecules: large
particles made up of a mass of molecules (DNA) -> Organelles:
Levels of Organization
functional parts of a cell (lysosomes) ->
Cells: basic unit of structure. ->Tissue: a group of cells with
similar functions (adipose tissue) -> Organs: a group of tissue
with different functions (heart) -> Organ System: a group of
organs with common functions (digestive system) -> Organism:
composed of interacting organ systems (humans)
Growth, Reproduction, Responsiveness, Movement,
Characteristics of Life
Metabolism, Respiration, Digestion, Circulation, &
Excretion
Water: most abundant substance in the body
Food: provides necessary nutrients to supply
Requirements of Organisms energy Oxygen: releases energy from food
Heat: a form of energy, also helps maintain body
temp. Pressure: application of force on an
object.
Atmospheric Pressure Important for breathing
Hydrostatic Pressure Keeps blood flowing
Homeostasis The maintaining of a stable internal environment
A self-regulating system that monitors aspects of the internal
Homeostatic Mechanisms
environment & makes corrections as needed.
Parts of Homeostatic Mechanisms Receptors, Control Center, Effectors
Receptors Detects & provides information about the stimuli
Control Center The decision maker that maintains a set point.
A muscle or gland that responds to the control center &
Effector
causes the necessary changes to the internal environment.
, Is the most common type of homeostatic mechanisms.
- the response of change moves the variable in the
Negative Feedback
opposite direction of the deviation from the set point
- prevents sudden and severe changes in the body
Uncommon type of feedback
- the change in deviation is intensified rather than reversed
Positive Feedback - effector is increased initially rather then decreasing
- produces unstable conditions, that seem like they won't
reach homeostasis, but eventually will.
- Axial Portion
Two Main Portions of the Body
- Appendicular Portion
Axial Portion Contains the head, neck & trunk
Appendicular Portion Contains both the upper & lower limbs
- CranialCavity
- Vertebral Cavity
Cavities in the Axial Portion
- Thoracic Cavity
- Abdominopelvic Cavity
Cranial Cavity Houses the brain
Vertebral Cavity Contains the spinal cord
