Unit Code: ENG 101
Unit Title: Parts of Speech
Definition
Parts of speech are categories of words based on their function in a sentence. Understanding
parts of speech helps in forming correct sentences, improving writing, and understanding
grammar.
1. Noun
Definition: A noun is a word used to name a person, place, thing, or idea.
Types of Nouns:
1. Common Noun – general name (e.g., boy, city, book)
2. Proper Noun – specific name (e.g., Dorine, Nairobi, Kenya)
3. Abstract Noun – names ideas, feelings, qualities (e.g., love, courage)
4. Concrete Noun – names things we can see or touch (e.g., table, dog)
5. Collective Noun – names a group of things/people (e.g., team, flock)
Examples:
The dog barked loudly.
Kenya is a beautiful country.
Happiness is important.
2. Pronoun
Definition: A pronoun replaces a noun in a sentence to avoid repetition.
Types of Pronouns:
, 1. Personal Pronouns – I, you, he, she, it, we, they
2. Possessive Pronouns – mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs
3. Reflexive Pronouns – myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself
4. Demonstrative Pronouns – this, that, these, those
5. Interrogative Pronouns – who, whom, whose, which, what
Examples:
She is my best friend.
This book is mine.
Who is at the door?
3. Verb
Definition: A verb shows an action, state, or occurrence.
Types of Verbs:
1. Action Verbs – show physical or mental action (e.g., run, read, think)
2. Linking Verbs – connect the subject to a state or quality (e.g., is, are, was)
3. Auxiliary (Helping) Verbs – help main verbs (e.g., have, has, will, can)
4. Modal Verbs – express possibility, necessity, or ability (e.g., may, must, should)
Unit Title: Parts of Speech
Definition
Parts of speech are categories of words based on their function in a sentence. Understanding
parts of speech helps in forming correct sentences, improving writing, and understanding
grammar.
1. Noun
Definition: A noun is a word used to name a person, place, thing, or idea.
Types of Nouns:
1. Common Noun – general name (e.g., boy, city, book)
2. Proper Noun – specific name (e.g., Dorine, Nairobi, Kenya)
3. Abstract Noun – names ideas, feelings, qualities (e.g., love, courage)
4. Concrete Noun – names things we can see or touch (e.g., table, dog)
5. Collective Noun – names a group of things/people (e.g., team, flock)
Examples:
The dog barked loudly.
Kenya is a beautiful country.
Happiness is important.
2. Pronoun
Definition: A pronoun replaces a noun in a sentence to avoid repetition.
Types of Pronouns:
, 1. Personal Pronouns – I, you, he, she, it, we, they
2. Possessive Pronouns – mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs
3. Reflexive Pronouns – myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself
4. Demonstrative Pronouns – this, that, these, those
5. Interrogative Pronouns – who, whom, whose, which, what
Examples:
She is my best friend.
This book is mine.
Who is at the door?
3. Verb
Definition: A verb shows an action, state, or occurrence.
Types of Verbs:
1. Action Verbs – show physical or mental action (e.g., run, read, think)
2. Linking Verbs – connect the subject to a state or quality (e.g., is, are, was)
3. Auxiliary (Helping) Verbs – help main verbs (e.g., have, has, will, can)
4. Modal Verbs – express possibility, necessity, or ability (e.g., may, must, should)
