Information Processing Cycle, Computer Virus &
Antivirus Complete Notes
The Information processing cycle
Using all its parts together, a computer converts data into information by
performing various actions on the data. Computer might perform a mathematical
operation or perform a logical operation and then display that result. These
operations are part of a process called the information processing cycle, which is
an instruction from a program, display the resulting information to the user and
store set of steps of the computer follows to receive data, process the data
according to the results.
❖ Parts of information processing cycle
The information processing cycle has four parts and each part involves one or more
specific components of the computer.
➢ Input: During this part of the cycle, the computer accepts data from some
source, such as the user or a program for processing.
➢ Processing: During this part of the cycle, the computer's processing
component performs actions on data, based on instruction from the user or a
program.
➢ Output: Here the computer may be required to display the results of its
processing. For example, the results may appear as text, number or a graphic
on the computer's screen or as sounds from its speaker.
➢ Storage: In this step, the computer permanently stores the results of its
processing on a disk, tape or some other kind of storage medium.
, Computer Virus
Definition of computer virus
A virus is a computer code or program, which is capable of affecting your
computer data badly by corrupting or destroying them.
Or
Computer virus has the tendency to make its duplicate copies at a swift pace, and
also spread it across every folder and damage the data of your computer system.
Types of Viruses
Following are the major types of computer virus-
1. Worms
2. Trojan Horse
3. Bombs
1. Worms: This is a computer program that replicates itself at a swift pace. Unlike
a computer virus, it is self-contained and hence does not need to be part of another
program to propagate itself.
2. Trojan Horse: A Trojan Horse is also a sort of destructive program that remains
disguised in a normal software program. It is not exactly a virus, as it cannot
replicate itself. However, there is possibility that virus program may remain
concealed in the Trojan Horse.
3. Bombs: It is similar to Trojan Horse, but Logic bombs have some specialty;
these include a timing device and hence it will go off only at a particular date and
time.
, Antiviruses
Definition of antivirus
Antivirus is a kind of software used to prevent, scan, detect and delete viruses from
a computer.
Or
Antivirus software is a program or set of programs that are designed to prevent,
search for, detect, and remove software viruses, and other malicious.
Basic Functions of Antivirus Engines
All antivirus engines have three components to function accordingly. It is
important to have a look at these functions because it will help us for better manual
cleaning of viruses in case we need.
❖ Scanning - When a new virus is detected in the cyberspace, antivirus
producers start writing programs (updates) that scans for similar signature
strings.
❖ Integrity Checking -This method generally checks for manipulated files in
OS from the viruses.
❖ Interception -This method is used basically to detect Trojans and it checke
the request made by the operating system for network access.
Name of some Antiviruses
1. Avast Antivirus
2. Panda Antivirus 2016
3. Bit defender Antivirus
4. Microsoft Security Essentials
5. Commercial Antivirus
Antivirus Complete Notes
The Information processing cycle
Using all its parts together, a computer converts data into information by
performing various actions on the data. Computer might perform a mathematical
operation or perform a logical operation and then display that result. These
operations are part of a process called the information processing cycle, which is
an instruction from a program, display the resulting information to the user and
store set of steps of the computer follows to receive data, process the data
according to the results.
❖ Parts of information processing cycle
The information processing cycle has four parts and each part involves one or more
specific components of the computer.
➢ Input: During this part of the cycle, the computer accepts data from some
source, such as the user or a program for processing.
➢ Processing: During this part of the cycle, the computer's processing
component performs actions on data, based on instruction from the user or a
program.
➢ Output: Here the computer may be required to display the results of its
processing. For example, the results may appear as text, number or a graphic
on the computer's screen or as sounds from its speaker.
➢ Storage: In this step, the computer permanently stores the results of its
processing on a disk, tape or some other kind of storage medium.
, Computer Virus
Definition of computer virus
A virus is a computer code or program, which is capable of affecting your
computer data badly by corrupting or destroying them.
Or
Computer virus has the tendency to make its duplicate copies at a swift pace, and
also spread it across every folder and damage the data of your computer system.
Types of Viruses
Following are the major types of computer virus-
1. Worms
2. Trojan Horse
3. Bombs
1. Worms: This is a computer program that replicates itself at a swift pace. Unlike
a computer virus, it is self-contained and hence does not need to be part of another
program to propagate itself.
2. Trojan Horse: A Trojan Horse is also a sort of destructive program that remains
disguised in a normal software program. It is not exactly a virus, as it cannot
replicate itself. However, there is possibility that virus program may remain
concealed in the Trojan Horse.
3. Bombs: It is similar to Trojan Horse, but Logic bombs have some specialty;
these include a timing device and hence it will go off only at a particular date and
time.
, Antiviruses
Definition of antivirus
Antivirus is a kind of software used to prevent, scan, detect and delete viruses from
a computer.
Or
Antivirus software is a program or set of programs that are designed to prevent,
search for, detect, and remove software viruses, and other malicious.
Basic Functions of Antivirus Engines
All antivirus engines have three components to function accordingly. It is
important to have a look at these functions because it will help us for better manual
cleaning of viruses in case we need.
❖ Scanning - When a new virus is detected in the cyberspace, antivirus
producers start writing programs (updates) that scans for similar signature
strings.
❖ Integrity Checking -This method generally checks for manipulated files in
OS from the viruses.
❖ Interception -This method is used basically to detect Trojans and it checke
the request made by the operating system for network access.
Name of some Antiviruses
1. Avast Antivirus
2. Panda Antivirus 2016
3. Bit defender Antivirus
4. Microsoft Security Essentials
5. Commercial Antivirus
