BIO 1330 Final Exam Review Questions with Correct Answers Latest Update 2025/2026
What are the two types of cell architecture? - Answers Prokaryotic and eukaryotic
What types of organisms are classified as prokaryotic? - Answers Bacteria and archaea
What types of organisms are classified as eukaryotic? - Answers Animals, plants, fungi, and
protist
How is DNA stored in prokaryotic cells? - Answers circular chromosomes that float freely in the
cytoplasm
Do prokaryotic cells have a nucleus? - Answers No nucleus
Do prokaryotic cells have membrane bound organelles? - Answers no membrane bound
organelles
Size of prokaryotic cells - Answers Smaller
Do eukaryotic cells have a nucleus? - Answers yes nucleus
How is DNA stored in eukaryotic cells? - Answers in the nucleus as chromosomes
Do eukaryotic cells have a nucleus? - Answers yes nucleus
Do eukaryotic cells have membrane bound organelles? - Answers Yes they have membrane
bound organelles.
size of eukaryotic cells - Answers Bigger
Ribosome function - Answers protein synthesis
Nucleus function - Answers stores genetic information, cells control center
Rough ER function - Answers Makes proteins for the endomembrane system
Smooth ER function - Answers Lipid synthesis
Peroxisomes - Answers breaks down fatty acids and detoxify harmful substances
Lysosomes - Answers Removes unwanted material and waste
Mitochondria - Answers Makes energy
Vacuoles - Answers Stores water and nutrients
Chloroplast - Answers Makes food through photosynthesis
Cytoskeleton - Answers Structure, support, and transportation
, What structures are present in both prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells? - Answers Cytoplasm,
DNA, ribosomes, and cell membrane
Endosymbiotic theory - Answers Theory of the origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts
(ancestral cells engulfed a bacterial cells but instead of digesting it retained it in a symbiotic
relationship)
What are the most abundant elements in living organisms - Answers hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen,
oxygen
Covalent bonds - Answers sharing an electron (Co-own)
Ionic - Answers giving away an electron (Ion want it)
Electronegativity - Answers Tendency of an atom to attract an electron
What common element in living organisms is electronegative? - Answers Oxygen
Polar - Answers Unequal sharing of electron pair in a bond, one atom holds the electron closer
Non polar - Answers Equal sharing of an electron in a bond
Do polar or non polar bonds have partial charges? - Answers Polar
Hydrogen bond - Answers Weak bond between a hydrogen atom and an electronegative atom
Structure of water - Answers 2 slightly positive hydrogen atoms, 1 slightly negative oxygen atom
Hydrophobic - Answers Can not readily interact with the partial charges on water
Hydrophilic - Answers Can readily interact with the partial charges on water
Water is a good solvents for what type of molecules? - Answers Ion and polar molecules
Amphipathic - Answers having both hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts
Basic structure of phospholipids - Answers glycerol, fatty acids, phosphate group
How are phospholipids amphipathic? - Answers hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tails
What are the main components of cellular membranes? - Answers Phospholipids, cholesterol,
protein, and sugar chains
Selectively preamble - Answers Only allows certain molecules to pass
Cholesterol's effect on permeability - Answers Less cholesterol= more fluidity and more
permeability
Unsaturated tails - Answers have double bonds and as a result have kinked tails and are more
What are the two types of cell architecture? - Answers Prokaryotic and eukaryotic
What types of organisms are classified as prokaryotic? - Answers Bacteria and archaea
What types of organisms are classified as eukaryotic? - Answers Animals, plants, fungi, and
protist
How is DNA stored in prokaryotic cells? - Answers circular chromosomes that float freely in the
cytoplasm
Do prokaryotic cells have a nucleus? - Answers No nucleus
Do prokaryotic cells have membrane bound organelles? - Answers no membrane bound
organelles
Size of prokaryotic cells - Answers Smaller
Do eukaryotic cells have a nucleus? - Answers yes nucleus
How is DNA stored in eukaryotic cells? - Answers in the nucleus as chromosomes
Do eukaryotic cells have a nucleus? - Answers yes nucleus
Do eukaryotic cells have membrane bound organelles? - Answers Yes they have membrane
bound organelles.
size of eukaryotic cells - Answers Bigger
Ribosome function - Answers protein synthesis
Nucleus function - Answers stores genetic information, cells control center
Rough ER function - Answers Makes proteins for the endomembrane system
Smooth ER function - Answers Lipid synthesis
Peroxisomes - Answers breaks down fatty acids and detoxify harmful substances
Lysosomes - Answers Removes unwanted material and waste
Mitochondria - Answers Makes energy
Vacuoles - Answers Stores water and nutrients
Chloroplast - Answers Makes food through photosynthesis
Cytoskeleton - Answers Structure, support, and transportation
, What structures are present in both prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells? - Answers Cytoplasm,
DNA, ribosomes, and cell membrane
Endosymbiotic theory - Answers Theory of the origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts
(ancestral cells engulfed a bacterial cells but instead of digesting it retained it in a symbiotic
relationship)
What are the most abundant elements in living organisms - Answers hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen,
oxygen
Covalent bonds - Answers sharing an electron (Co-own)
Ionic - Answers giving away an electron (Ion want it)
Electronegativity - Answers Tendency of an atom to attract an electron
What common element in living organisms is electronegative? - Answers Oxygen
Polar - Answers Unequal sharing of electron pair in a bond, one atom holds the electron closer
Non polar - Answers Equal sharing of an electron in a bond
Do polar or non polar bonds have partial charges? - Answers Polar
Hydrogen bond - Answers Weak bond between a hydrogen atom and an electronegative atom
Structure of water - Answers 2 slightly positive hydrogen atoms, 1 slightly negative oxygen atom
Hydrophobic - Answers Can not readily interact with the partial charges on water
Hydrophilic - Answers Can readily interact with the partial charges on water
Water is a good solvents for what type of molecules? - Answers Ion and polar molecules
Amphipathic - Answers having both hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts
Basic structure of phospholipids - Answers glycerol, fatty acids, phosphate group
How are phospholipids amphipathic? - Answers hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tails
What are the main components of cellular membranes? - Answers Phospholipids, cholesterol,
protein, and sugar chains
Selectively preamble - Answers Only allows certain molecules to pass
Cholesterol's effect on permeability - Answers Less cholesterol= more fluidity and more
permeability
Unsaturated tails - Answers have double bonds and as a result have kinked tails and are more
