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Understanding Interrupts and CPU Interrupt Handling Mechanisms

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This document explains the concept of interrupts and their role in improving system responsiveness by temporarily halting CPU execution to address urgent events. It covers hardware and software interrupts, internal and external triggers, and the difference between maskable and non-maskable interrupts. It further describes interrupt priority schemes, the Interrupt Vector Table (IVT), and the steps involved in interrupt handling—from acknowledging the interrupt to executing the ISR and restoring the CPU state. The lecture highlights how interrupts enhance real-time performance, multitasking, and efficient resource utilization.

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Academic Session 2025-26
ODD Semester Jul-Dec 2025

UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE &
ENGINEERING
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
CSE/IT/ THIRD SEMESTER
COMPUTER ORGANIZATION & ARCHITECTURE
(24CST-201/24ITT-201)
Unit No. 3 Chapter No. 3.1 Lecture No. 3.1.2
Topic : Interrupts
Er. Shikha Atwal (E11186) Assistant Professor

, Learning Objectives
1




1. To understand the concept of interrupts and their role in
temporarily halting CPU operations to handle external or
internal events.
2. To learn different types of interrupts (hardware,
software, maskable, non-maskable) and their triggering
mechanisms.
3. To analyze how interrupt handling improves efficiency,
supports real-time processing, and allows asynchronous
event management in computer systems.

, Content
2




1. Interrupts
2. Types of Interrupts
3. Handling of Interrupts by CPU
4. Polling vs. Interrupts
5. Types of Interrupt Priority Schemes
6. Interrupt Vector Table
7. Mapping of ISR through IVT
8. Interrupt Triggering Methods

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Uploaded on
December 7, 2025
Number of pages
28
Written in
2025/2026
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