NSC 408 Final Exam Questions and Answers |
Fall 2026/2027 | Latest Update 2026/2027 | 100%
Correct.
Which of the following is a factor that helps determine the effect of a
given nutrient in our bodies?
Dosage (how much is consumed)
Nutrient timing (when the nutrient is consumed)
Genotype (mutations/polymorphisms)
Co-exposure (other environmental factors that can interact with the
nutrient) —Answer: All of the above
What does the Agouti mouse experiment demonstrate? —Answer:
Maternal diet during gestation has a profound effect on the phenotype
of the offspring
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,Based on your knowledge of the folate-methionine pathway, which of
the following would likely affect breast cancer risk due to altered DNA
methylation patterns?
Increased dietary exposure to intermediates of this pathway (folate,
methionine, zinc, etc.)
A polymorphism in MTHFR, the rate-limiting enzyme in this pathway
Increased FOL-1 (folate receptor) expression —Answer: All of the
above
By which process is an amino group removed from an amino acid and
placed onto an alphaketo acid, creating a new amino acid and a new
alpha-keto acid? —Answer: Transamination Based on your knowledge
of the metabolic pathways of glucose, amino acids, and fats, which
would most likely be elevated in a patient with a non-functioning
pyruvate carboxylase (PC) enzyme? —Answer: Blood alanine, blood
lactate, ketone bodies
Our bodies produce a vastly greater amount of proteins than the
number of genes we have, even though our genes encode for these
proteins. Which of the following is NOT a method by which this occurs?
Posttranslational modification of proteins changes protein shape and
function.
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, Alternate splicing (splice variants) of RNA during transcription yields
distinct proteins.
Backward transcription of genes yields proteins with opposite effects.
What is most likely the largest provider of carbons for gluconeogenesis
in the absence of glucose? —Answer: Amino acids
Alternate transcription start sites results in different proteins from the
same gene. —Answer: Backward transcription of genes yields proteins
with opposite effects.
Why didn't the completion of the human genome project give us the
answers to curing all diseases? —Answer: The vast majority of disease
are not related to genetics, but to epigenetics, proteomics (the profile of
proteins present in an individual) and environmental exposures
In which organ does gluconeogenesis take place? —Answer: Liver
Which part of a gene carries the genetic information, which will
eventually be translated into a protein? —Answer: Exon
The expression of genes is cell/tissue specific (i.e. the protein products of
genes in one type of cell can be different than in other types of cells). —
Answer: True
© 2025 All rights reserved
Fall 2026/2027 | Latest Update 2026/2027 | 100%
Correct.
Which of the following is a factor that helps determine the effect of a
given nutrient in our bodies?
Dosage (how much is consumed)
Nutrient timing (when the nutrient is consumed)
Genotype (mutations/polymorphisms)
Co-exposure (other environmental factors that can interact with the
nutrient) —Answer: All of the above
What does the Agouti mouse experiment demonstrate? —Answer:
Maternal diet during gestation has a profound effect on the phenotype
of the offspring
© 2025 All rights reserved
,Based on your knowledge of the folate-methionine pathway, which of
the following would likely affect breast cancer risk due to altered DNA
methylation patterns?
Increased dietary exposure to intermediates of this pathway (folate,
methionine, zinc, etc.)
A polymorphism in MTHFR, the rate-limiting enzyme in this pathway
Increased FOL-1 (folate receptor) expression —Answer: All of the
above
By which process is an amino group removed from an amino acid and
placed onto an alphaketo acid, creating a new amino acid and a new
alpha-keto acid? —Answer: Transamination Based on your knowledge
of the metabolic pathways of glucose, amino acids, and fats, which
would most likely be elevated in a patient with a non-functioning
pyruvate carboxylase (PC) enzyme? —Answer: Blood alanine, blood
lactate, ketone bodies
Our bodies produce a vastly greater amount of proteins than the
number of genes we have, even though our genes encode for these
proteins. Which of the following is NOT a method by which this occurs?
Posttranslational modification of proteins changes protein shape and
function.
© 2025 All rights reserved
, Alternate splicing (splice variants) of RNA during transcription yields
distinct proteins.
Backward transcription of genes yields proteins with opposite effects.
What is most likely the largest provider of carbons for gluconeogenesis
in the absence of glucose? —Answer: Amino acids
Alternate transcription start sites results in different proteins from the
same gene. —Answer: Backward transcription of genes yields proteins
with opposite effects.
Why didn't the completion of the human genome project give us the
answers to curing all diseases? —Answer: The vast majority of disease
are not related to genetics, but to epigenetics, proteomics (the profile of
proteins present in an individual) and environmental exposures
In which organ does gluconeogenesis take place? —Answer: Liver
Which part of a gene carries the genetic information, which will
eventually be translated into a protein? —Answer: Exon
The expression of genes is cell/tissue specific (i.e. the protein products of
genes in one type of cell can be different than in other types of cells). —
Answer: True
© 2025 All rights reserved
