MCPHS Anatomy and Physiology Exam 3
1. The Origin point of attachment that does not move when the muscle contracts
2. The insertion the point of attachment of a muscle to the part that it moves
3. Fascicle arrange- circular, convergent, parallel, pennate, fusiform
ment
4. Circular muscle arranged in a circle around an opening and act as sphincters; ex: orbicularis oris
and orbicularis oculi
5. convergent mus- converge at a single tendon; ex: pectoralis major, pectoralis minor
cles
6. parallel muscles lie parallel to one another and to the long axis of the muscle; ex: trapezius
7. Pennate muscles fascicles originate from tendon that runs the length of the entire muscle; has three
different patterns: unipennate (semimembranosus), bipennate (rectus femoris),
and multipennate (deltoid)
8. Fusiform mus- fascicles lie parallel to the long axis of the muscle. The belly of the muscle is
cles larger in diameter than the ends; ex: biceps brachii (two-headed) triceps brachii
(three-headed)
9. How muscles are 1. location
named 2. Size
3. shape
4. orientation of fascicles
5. origin of insertion
6. number of heads
7. function
10. Do muscles work levers
as levers, ful-
crums or weight?
, MCPHS Anatomy and Physiology Exam 3
11. Class I lever sys- fulcrum is between pull and weight (seesaw)
tem
12. Class II lever sys- weight is between the fulcrum and the pull (wheelbarrow)
tem
13. Class III lever sys- Most common in body, pull is between fulcrum and weight (person using shovel)
tem
14. Posterior mus- longissimus capitis, oblique capitis superior, rectus capitis posterior, semispinalis
cles of the neck capitis, splenius capitis, trapezius
15. longissimus capi- insertion: mastoid process
tis function: extends, rotates, and laterally flexes neck
16. oblique capitis insertion: occipital bone
superior function: extends and laterally flexes neck; turns head
17. rectus capitis insertion: occipital bone
posterior function: extends and rotates neck; turns head
18. semispinalis insertion: occipital bone
capitis function: extends, rotates, and laterally flexes neck
19. trapezius insertion: clavicle, acromion process and scapular spine
function: extends and laterally flexes neck
20. splenius capitis insertion: superior nuchal line and mastoid process
function: extends, rotates, and laterally flexes neck
21. lateral muscles of sternocleidomastoid, scalene muscles
the neck
22.
, MCPHS Anatomy and Physiology Exam 3
sternocleidomas- insertion: mastoid process and superior nuchal line
toid function: one contracting alone: laterally flexes head and neck at the same time
and rotates head and neck to opposite side; both contracting: flex neck
23. scalene muscles insertion: first and second ribs
function: flex, laterally flex, and rotate neck
24. buccinator insertion: orbicularis oris at corner of mouth
function: draws corners of mouth posteriorly; compresses cheek to hold food
between teeth
25. corrugator su- insertion: skin of eyebrow
percili function: depresses medial portion of eyebrow; draws eyebrows together, as in
frowning
26. depressor anguli origin: lower border of mandible
oris insertion: skin lip near corner of mouth
function: lowers corner of mouth; frown
27. depressor labii origin: lower border of mandible
inferioris insertion: skin of lower lip and orbicularis oris
function: depresses lower lip
28. levator anguli origin: maxilla
oris insertion: skin at the corner of mouth and orbicularis oris
function: raises corner of mouth
29. levator labii su- origin: maxilla
perioris insertion: skin and orbicularis oris of upper lip
function: raises upper lip; sneer
30. levator labii su- origin: maxilla
perioris alaeque insertion: sides of nostrils and upper lip
nasi function: elevates sides of nose and upper lip
1. The Origin point of attachment that does not move when the muscle contracts
2. The insertion the point of attachment of a muscle to the part that it moves
3. Fascicle arrange- circular, convergent, parallel, pennate, fusiform
ment
4. Circular muscle arranged in a circle around an opening and act as sphincters; ex: orbicularis oris
and orbicularis oculi
5. convergent mus- converge at a single tendon; ex: pectoralis major, pectoralis minor
cles
6. parallel muscles lie parallel to one another and to the long axis of the muscle; ex: trapezius
7. Pennate muscles fascicles originate from tendon that runs the length of the entire muscle; has three
different patterns: unipennate (semimembranosus), bipennate (rectus femoris),
and multipennate (deltoid)
8. Fusiform mus- fascicles lie parallel to the long axis of the muscle. The belly of the muscle is
cles larger in diameter than the ends; ex: biceps brachii (two-headed) triceps brachii
(three-headed)
9. How muscles are 1. location
named 2. Size
3. shape
4. orientation of fascicles
5. origin of insertion
6. number of heads
7. function
10. Do muscles work levers
as levers, ful-
crums or weight?
, MCPHS Anatomy and Physiology Exam 3
11. Class I lever sys- fulcrum is between pull and weight (seesaw)
tem
12. Class II lever sys- weight is between the fulcrum and the pull (wheelbarrow)
tem
13. Class III lever sys- Most common in body, pull is between fulcrum and weight (person using shovel)
tem
14. Posterior mus- longissimus capitis, oblique capitis superior, rectus capitis posterior, semispinalis
cles of the neck capitis, splenius capitis, trapezius
15. longissimus capi- insertion: mastoid process
tis function: extends, rotates, and laterally flexes neck
16. oblique capitis insertion: occipital bone
superior function: extends and laterally flexes neck; turns head
17. rectus capitis insertion: occipital bone
posterior function: extends and rotates neck; turns head
18. semispinalis insertion: occipital bone
capitis function: extends, rotates, and laterally flexes neck
19. trapezius insertion: clavicle, acromion process and scapular spine
function: extends and laterally flexes neck
20. splenius capitis insertion: superior nuchal line and mastoid process
function: extends, rotates, and laterally flexes neck
21. lateral muscles of sternocleidomastoid, scalene muscles
the neck
22.
, MCPHS Anatomy and Physiology Exam 3
sternocleidomas- insertion: mastoid process and superior nuchal line
toid function: one contracting alone: laterally flexes head and neck at the same time
and rotates head and neck to opposite side; both contracting: flex neck
23. scalene muscles insertion: first and second ribs
function: flex, laterally flex, and rotate neck
24. buccinator insertion: orbicularis oris at corner of mouth
function: draws corners of mouth posteriorly; compresses cheek to hold food
between teeth
25. corrugator su- insertion: skin of eyebrow
percili function: depresses medial portion of eyebrow; draws eyebrows together, as in
frowning
26. depressor anguli origin: lower border of mandible
oris insertion: skin lip near corner of mouth
function: lowers corner of mouth; frown
27. depressor labii origin: lower border of mandible
inferioris insertion: skin of lower lip and orbicularis oris
function: depresses lower lip
28. levator anguli origin: maxilla
oris insertion: skin at the corner of mouth and orbicularis oris
function: raises corner of mouth
29. levator labii su- origin: maxilla
perioris insertion: skin and orbicularis oris of upper lip
function: raises upper lip; sneer
30. levator labii su- origin: maxilla
perioris alaeque insertion: sides of nostrils and upper lip
nasi function: elevates sides of nose and upper lip
