BIOS 2225 Final Review with All Correct & 100%
Verified Answers| Actual Complete Exam| Already
Graded A+ (Just Released)
BSL 1 ✔Correct Answer-no containment; defined organisms; unlikely to cause disease; good
microbial technique (GMT); no safety equipment; open bench; ex: E. coli
BSL 2 ✔Correct Answer-containment; moderate risk; disease varying severity; GMT and PPE; open
bench and biosafety cabinet for potential aerosols; ex: HIV, flu
BSL 3 ✔Correct Answer-high containment; aerosol transmission; serious/potentially lethal
diseases; GMT and special clothing; biosafety cabinet for all activities; ex: tuberculosis
BSL 4 ✔Correct Answer-maximum containment; "exotic", high risk agents; life threatening diseases
with no treatment; GMT, PPE and airlock entry, shower entry and exit; biosafety cabinet for positive
pressure suites; ex: ebola
when handling BSL 2 organisms, what PPE should be used? ✔Correct Answer-GMT (good microbial
technique) and PPE (personal protective equipment); lab coat, gloves, and eye protection
total magnification calculation ✔Correct Answer-ocular lens x objective lens
parfocal ✔Correct Answer-a microscope calibrated this way will maintain the specimen in focus
when the objective lens is rotated
resolution ✔Correct Answer-shortest distance between 2 points on a specimen that can still be
distinguished by the observer or camera system as separate entities
what are the two ways to increase contrast when using a compound light microscope? ✔Correct
Answer-
how many nm are equal to 1 mm, 0.1 mm? ✔Correct Answer-1000 nm = 1 mm; 100 nm = 0.1 mm
what is a wet mount? ✔Correct Answer-drop of water on specimen; keeps organisms alive
prokaryotic organisms ✔Correct Answer-simple DNA; few organelles; very small; DNA not
protected; nucleoid; anaerobic/aerobic; bacteria and archaea
eukaryotic organisms ✔Correct Answer-complex DNA; lots of organelles; larger; DNA protected;
nucleus; aerobic; animal, plant, and fungi
are all freshwater organisms prokaryotic? ✔Correct Answer-no, very diverse
what is a HAB? ✔Correct Answer-harmful algal bloom; photosynthetic algae
are cyanobacteria prokaryotic? ✔Correct Answer-yes
what is microcystin? ✔Correct Answer-toxins that make water toxic, produced by cyanobacteria
, what can we learn about a microbe when looking at it under the microscope? ✔Correct Answer-
morphology, clustering, approx. size, motile or not
(microscope) when and why do we use oil? ✔Correct Answer-prevents light refraction; shows max.
amount of light
what is refraction of light? ✔Correct Answer-bending of light
fomite ✔Correct Answer-inanimate object
inoculate ✔Correct Answer-transfer of bacteria
incubate ✔Correct Answer-develop, grow
turbid ✔Correct Answer-cloudy; confused
aseptic vs sterile ✔Correct Answer-aseptic: as clean as possible, sterile: free of microbes
how many bacteria are in a colony? ✔Correct Answer-10^6 or more
describe proper handwashing technique ✔Correct Answer-wet hands with clean, running warm or
cold water; turn off tap and apply soap to cover hands and wrists; lather you hands by rubbing them
together with the soap; make sure to get you palms, the back of your hands, in-between your fingers
and under fingernails; scrub your hands for at least 20 seconds (sing Happy Birthday in your head
twice as a timer); rinse your hands well under clean, running water and dry your hands with a clean
towel or air dry them
how does hand sanitizer kill cells? ✔Correct Answer-alcohol (60-70% to be effective); destroys
membranes of bacteria, de-fold/denatures membrane
what is the most effective way to cleanse your hands? ✔Correct Answer-(proper) handwashing
disrupts cell membrane ✔Correct Answer-fatty acids or surfactants, iodine and chlorhexidine
what is an autoclave and why do we use it? ✔Correct Answer-sterilization; 121 degrees C, 20 min,
20 lbs, steam pressure
broth ✔Correct Answer-liquid medium; advantage: tube is easy to store and transport;
disadvantage: can not see colony morphology
slants ✔Correct Answer-tube of solid medium at an angle; advantage: tube is easy to store and
transport, can see colony morphology; disadvantage: small surface area
agar ✔Correct Answer-culture and grow organisms
complex media ✔Correct Answer-often made from plant or animal material
defined media ✔Correct Answer-has exact known composition of ingredients
role of agar in media ✔Correct Answer-surface to grow bacteria
Verified Answers| Actual Complete Exam| Already
Graded A+ (Just Released)
BSL 1 ✔Correct Answer-no containment; defined organisms; unlikely to cause disease; good
microbial technique (GMT); no safety equipment; open bench; ex: E. coli
BSL 2 ✔Correct Answer-containment; moderate risk; disease varying severity; GMT and PPE; open
bench and biosafety cabinet for potential aerosols; ex: HIV, flu
BSL 3 ✔Correct Answer-high containment; aerosol transmission; serious/potentially lethal
diseases; GMT and special clothing; biosafety cabinet for all activities; ex: tuberculosis
BSL 4 ✔Correct Answer-maximum containment; "exotic", high risk agents; life threatening diseases
with no treatment; GMT, PPE and airlock entry, shower entry and exit; biosafety cabinet for positive
pressure suites; ex: ebola
when handling BSL 2 organisms, what PPE should be used? ✔Correct Answer-GMT (good microbial
technique) and PPE (personal protective equipment); lab coat, gloves, and eye protection
total magnification calculation ✔Correct Answer-ocular lens x objective lens
parfocal ✔Correct Answer-a microscope calibrated this way will maintain the specimen in focus
when the objective lens is rotated
resolution ✔Correct Answer-shortest distance between 2 points on a specimen that can still be
distinguished by the observer or camera system as separate entities
what are the two ways to increase contrast when using a compound light microscope? ✔Correct
Answer-
how many nm are equal to 1 mm, 0.1 mm? ✔Correct Answer-1000 nm = 1 mm; 100 nm = 0.1 mm
what is a wet mount? ✔Correct Answer-drop of water on specimen; keeps organisms alive
prokaryotic organisms ✔Correct Answer-simple DNA; few organelles; very small; DNA not
protected; nucleoid; anaerobic/aerobic; bacteria and archaea
eukaryotic organisms ✔Correct Answer-complex DNA; lots of organelles; larger; DNA protected;
nucleus; aerobic; animal, plant, and fungi
are all freshwater organisms prokaryotic? ✔Correct Answer-no, very diverse
what is a HAB? ✔Correct Answer-harmful algal bloom; photosynthetic algae
are cyanobacteria prokaryotic? ✔Correct Answer-yes
what is microcystin? ✔Correct Answer-toxins that make water toxic, produced by cyanobacteria
, what can we learn about a microbe when looking at it under the microscope? ✔Correct Answer-
morphology, clustering, approx. size, motile or not
(microscope) when and why do we use oil? ✔Correct Answer-prevents light refraction; shows max.
amount of light
what is refraction of light? ✔Correct Answer-bending of light
fomite ✔Correct Answer-inanimate object
inoculate ✔Correct Answer-transfer of bacteria
incubate ✔Correct Answer-develop, grow
turbid ✔Correct Answer-cloudy; confused
aseptic vs sterile ✔Correct Answer-aseptic: as clean as possible, sterile: free of microbes
how many bacteria are in a colony? ✔Correct Answer-10^6 or more
describe proper handwashing technique ✔Correct Answer-wet hands with clean, running warm or
cold water; turn off tap and apply soap to cover hands and wrists; lather you hands by rubbing them
together with the soap; make sure to get you palms, the back of your hands, in-between your fingers
and under fingernails; scrub your hands for at least 20 seconds (sing Happy Birthday in your head
twice as a timer); rinse your hands well under clean, running water and dry your hands with a clean
towel or air dry them
how does hand sanitizer kill cells? ✔Correct Answer-alcohol (60-70% to be effective); destroys
membranes of bacteria, de-fold/denatures membrane
what is the most effective way to cleanse your hands? ✔Correct Answer-(proper) handwashing
disrupts cell membrane ✔Correct Answer-fatty acids or surfactants, iodine and chlorhexidine
what is an autoclave and why do we use it? ✔Correct Answer-sterilization; 121 degrees C, 20 min,
20 lbs, steam pressure
broth ✔Correct Answer-liquid medium; advantage: tube is easy to store and transport;
disadvantage: can not see colony morphology
slants ✔Correct Answer-tube of solid medium at an angle; advantage: tube is easy to store and
transport, can see colony morphology; disadvantage: small surface area
agar ✔Correct Answer-culture and grow organisms
complex media ✔Correct Answer-often made from plant or animal material
defined media ✔Correct Answer-has exact known composition of ingredients
role of agar in media ✔Correct Answer-surface to grow bacteria
