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Terms in this set (84)
Unit of measurement for Hertz (Hz)
frequency (pitch)
Unit of measurement for Decibel (dB)
intensity (loudness)
Risk of damage from noise How loud (intensity) and how long (duration)
Steady-state or continuous noise, Lasts 1 second or longer
e.g. generator
Impulse or Impact noise, e.g. Lasts less than one second
gunfire or nail gun
Parts of the outer ear Pinna and external auditory canal
Parts of the middle ear Tympanic membrane, ossicles, eustachian tube
Tube connecting the middle ear to the pharynx and equalizes middle
Eustachian tube (auditory tube)
ear space with atmospheric pressure
Conductive HL occurs here Outer or middle ear
Sensorineural hearing loss Hearing loss resulting from damage to the inner ear (cochlea) or the
auditory nerve
Condition caused by the destruction of hair cells, the organs
Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) responsible for hearing, as a result of sounds that are "too long,
too loud, or too close"; a sensorineural
hearing loss
Mixed hearing loss Combination of conductive and sensorineural types in the same ear
Middle ear bones (ossicles) Malleus (hammer), incus (anvil), stapes (stirrup)
Possible early symptoms/signs of Tinnitus; difficulty understanding in presence of background noise; read
noise induced hearing loss visual cues
Auditory effects of noise NIHL; tinnitus; hyperacusis
annoyance
sleep
disturbance
Non-auditory effects of noise attention
motivation
stress reactions
cardiovascular problems
, endocrine problems
Good rule of thumb to recognize hazardous noise exposure
levels/situations: the
3 foot rule rule is: if you have to shout at arms length (~3ft), in order to be
understood over the background noise, then you're likely
exposed to hazardous noise levels & should be wearing hearing
protection to prevent NIHL
OSHA (Occupational Safety OSHA enforces regulation and NIOSH recommends best practice
and Health Administration) based on science and research
versus National institute of
Occupational Safety and Heath
(NIOSH)
SPL describes noise measurements taken with a sound level
Sound pressure level (SPL)
meter or dosimeter; HL describes Threshold levels obtained with
versus hearing level (HL)
an audiometer; 0 dB HL is not equal to 0 dB SPL
A sound measurement device used to record the amount of sound
exposure over an extended period of
Noise Dosimeter
time (usually a work day)
Personal vs. Area
Uses a microphone to sense pressure variations in sound waves;
Sound level meter the meter converts those pressures directly into decibels;
provides a noise measurement that is a
snapshot in time.