BIOS-251: EXAM 2 REVIEW QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2025
Cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes
CORRECT ANSWER Mitosis
The resting phase of mitosis. Cell grows, performs its normal functions, and prepares for division; consi
sts of G1, S, and G2 phases CORRECT ANSWER Interphase
Cells that have left the cycle and cease dividing for a long time (or permanently) CORRECT
ANSWER G Zero (G0) Phase
The first gap, or growth phase, of the cell cycle, consisting of the portion of interphase before DNA syn
thesis begins. CORRECT ANSWER G1 Phase
The synthesis phase of the cell cycle; the portion of interphase during which DNA is replicated.
CORRECT ANSWER S Phase
The second gap, or growth phase, of the cell cycle, consisting of the portion of interphase after DNA sy
nthesis occurs.
Growth and preparation for mitosis CORRECT ANSWER G2 Phase
First and longest phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes become visible and the centrioles s
eparate and take up positions on the opposite sides of the nucleus CORRECT ANSWER Prophase
Second phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell
CORRECT ANSWER Metaphase
The third phase of mitosis, during which the chromosome pairs separate and move toward opposite p
oles CORRECT ANSWER Anaphase
, The final phase of cell division, between anaphase and interphase, in which the chromatids or chromo
somes move to opposite ends of the cell and two nuclei are formed. CORRECT ANSWER
Telophase
Division of the cytoplasm during cell division CORRECT ANSWER Cytokinesis
Cell division that produces reproductive cells (gametes) in sexually reproducing organisms
CORRECT ANSWER Meiosis
Compare and Contrast Mitosis and Meiosis CORRECT ANSWER
Mitosis produces two diploid (2n) somatic cells that are genetically identical to each other and the orig
inal parent cell, whereas meiosis produces four haploid (n) gametes that are genetically unique from e
ach other and the original parent (germ) cell.
Number of Chromosomes in Humans... CORRECT ANSWER 46
Haploid Number of Chromosomes In Humans CORRECT ANSWER 23
Control center of the cell; a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and r
eproduction CORRECT ANSWER Nucleus
Processes and transports proteins made at attached ribosomes; synthesizes phospholipids
CORRECT ANSWER Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)
Fatty acid and steroid synthesis; detoxifies toxic substances CORRECT ANSWER
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)
A cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be transported out of the cell
CORRECT ANSWER Golgi Complex
Cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in the cell
CORRECT ANSWER Lysosomes
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2025
Cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes
CORRECT ANSWER Mitosis
The resting phase of mitosis. Cell grows, performs its normal functions, and prepares for division; consi
sts of G1, S, and G2 phases CORRECT ANSWER Interphase
Cells that have left the cycle and cease dividing for a long time (or permanently) CORRECT
ANSWER G Zero (G0) Phase
The first gap, or growth phase, of the cell cycle, consisting of the portion of interphase before DNA syn
thesis begins. CORRECT ANSWER G1 Phase
The synthesis phase of the cell cycle; the portion of interphase during which DNA is replicated.
CORRECT ANSWER S Phase
The second gap, or growth phase, of the cell cycle, consisting of the portion of interphase after DNA sy
nthesis occurs.
Growth and preparation for mitosis CORRECT ANSWER G2 Phase
First and longest phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes become visible and the centrioles s
eparate and take up positions on the opposite sides of the nucleus CORRECT ANSWER Prophase
Second phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell
CORRECT ANSWER Metaphase
The third phase of mitosis, during which the chromosome pairs separate and move toward opposite p
oles CORRECT ANSWER Anaphase
, The final phase of cell division, between anaphase and interphase, in which the chromatids or chromo
somes move to opposite ends of the cell and two nuclei are formed. CORRECT ANSWER
Telophase
Division of the cytoplasm during cell division CORRECT ANSWER Cytokinesis
Cell division that produces reproductive cells (gametes) in sexually reproducing organisms
CORRECT ANSWER Meiosis
Compare and Contrast Mitosis and Meiosis CORRECT ANSWER
Mitosis produces two diploid (2n) somatic cells that are genetically identical to each other and the orig
inal parent cell, whereas meiosis produces four haploid (n) gametes that are genetically unique from e
ach other and the original parent (germ) cell.
Number of Chromosomes in Humans... CORRECT ANSWER 46
Haploid Number of Chromosomes In Humans CORRECT ANSWER 23
Control center of the cell; a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and r
eproduction CORRECT ANSWER Nucleus
Processes and transports proteins made at attached ribosomes; synthesizes phospholipids
CORRECT ANSWER Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)
Fatty acid and steroid synthesis; detoxifies toxic substances CORRECT ANSWER
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)
A cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be transported out of the cell
CORRECT ANSWER Golgi Complex
Cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in the cell
CORRECT ANSWER Lysosomes
