BIOS251 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS WITH
CORRRECT ANSWERS 2025
Metabolism CORRECT ANSWER All of the chemical reactions of the body
Anabolism CORRECT ANSWER Energy-storing (endergonic) synthesis reactions
•Requires energy input
Catabolism CORRECT ANSWER Energy-releasing (exergonic) decomposition reactions
•Breaks covalent bonds
•Produces smaller molecules
Mitosis CORRECT ANSWER
Mitosis is a type of cell division in which one cell (the mother) divides to produce two new cells (the da
ughters) that are genetically identical to itself.
Meiosis CORRECT ANSWER
a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of t
he parent cell
Compare and contrast mitosis and meiosis CORRECT ANSWER
- Both involved in cell division resulting in new cells.
-mitosis produces cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell and the nucleus divides once.
-
Meiosis produces cells that have ½ the number of chromosomes from each parent cell and the nucleus
divides twice.
crossing over CORRECT ANSWER -The sharing of genetic material between two non-
sister chromatids in a homologous pair.
-occurs during prophase I of meiosis before tetrads are aligned along the equator in metaphase I.
-occurs when chromosomal homologs exchange information during metaphase of Meiosis I
, Nucleus CORRECT ANSWER Controls cell because it contains DNA, the genetic code--
instructions for making proteins, which in turn determine cell structure and function
Endoplasmic Reticulum CORRECT ANSWER -Network of connecting sacs and canals
-Carry substances through fluid cytoplasm
-Two types: rough and smooth
Rough ER CORRECT ANSWER
collects, folds, and transports proteins made by ribosomes, has ribosomes on it
Smooth ER CORRECT ANSWER synthesizes chemicals, produces lipids that makes up new membrane
Mitochondria CORRECT ANSWER -Powerhouse of the cell
-ATP is created in mitochondria
-Involved with energy-releasing chemical reactions
-Contains one DNA molecule
Lysosomes CORRECT ANSWER -Contains digestive enzymes that digest and break down things
-Formerly thought to be responsible for apoptosis(programmed cell death)
Golgi apparatus CORRECT ANSWER -helps process and package proteins and lipid molecules
-Called the chemical processing and packaging center
-Collect chemicals into vesicles that move from the smooth ER outward to plasma membrane
Ribosomes CORRECT ANSWER Makes proteins
-May attaches to rough ER or lie free in cytoplasm
-Made of two subunits of mostly ribosomal RNA
-Manufacture enzymes and other protein compounds
-Often called protein factories.
CORRRECT ANSWERS 2025
Metabolism CORRECT ANSWER All of the chemical reactions of the body
Anabolism CORRECT ANSWER Energy-storing (endergonic) synthesis reactions
•Requires energy input
Catabolism CORRECT ANSWER Energy-releasing (exergonic) decomposition reactions
•Breaks covalent bonds
•Produces smaller molecules
Mitosis CORRECT ANSWER
Mitosis is a type of cell division in which one cell (the mother) divides to produce two new cells (the da
ughters) that are genetically identical to itself.
Meiosis CORRECT ANSWER
a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of t
he parent cell
Compare and contrast mitosis and meiosis CORRECT ANSWER
- Both involved in cell division resulting in new cells.
-mitosis produces cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell and the nucleus divides once.
-
Meiosis produces cells that have ½ the number of chromosomes from each parent cell and the nucleus
divides twice.
crossing over CORRECT ANSWER -The sharing of genetic material between two non-
sister chromatids in a homologous pair.
-occurs during prophase I of meiosis before tetrads are aligned along the equator in metaphase I.
-occurs when chromosomal homologs exchange information during metaphase of Meiosis I
, Nucleus CORRECT ANSWER Controls cell because it contains DNA, the genetic code--
instructions for making proteins, which in turn determine cell structure and function
Endoplasmic Reticulum CORRECT ANSWER -Network of connecting sacs and canals
-Carry substances through fluid cytoplasm
-Two types: rough and smooth
Rough ER CORRECT ANSWER
collects, folds, and transports proteins made by ribosomes, has ribosomes on it
Smooth ER CORRECT ANSWER synthesizes chemicals, produces lipids that makes up new membrane
Mitochondria CORRECT ANSWER -Powerhouse of the cell
-ATP is created in mitochondria
-Involved with energy-releasing chemical reactions
-Contains one DNA molecule
Lysosomes CORRECT ANSWER -Contains digestive enzymes that digest and break down things
-Formerly thought to be responsible for apoptosis(programmed cell death)
Golgi apparatus CORRECT ANSWER -helps process and package proteins and lipid molecules
-Called the chemical processing and packaging center
-Collect chemicals into vesicles that move from the smooth ER outward to plasma membrane
Ribosomes CORRECT ANSWER Makes proteins
-May attaches to rough ER or lie free in cytoplasm
-Made of two subunits of mostly ribosomal RNA
-Manufacture enzymes and other protein compounds
-Often called protein factories.
