WESTCOTT MICROBIO FINAL EXAM
STUDY GUIDE 2026 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS || 100% GUARANTEED PASS
<LATEST VERSION>
1. Which of the following foods is NOT made by fermentation?
beer
bread
cheese
orange juice - ANSWER ✔ orange juice
2. Who is considered the "father of Western medicine"?
Marcus Terentius Varro
Thucydides
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
Hippocrates - ANSWER ✔ Hippocrates
3. Who was the first to observe "animalcules" under the microscope?
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
Ötzi the Iceman
Marcus Terentius Varro
Robert Koch - ANSWER ✔ Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
4. Who proposed that swamps might harbor tiny, disease-causing animals too
small to see?
Thucydides
Marcus Terentius Varro
Hippocrates
, Louis Pasteur - ANSWER ✔ Marcus Terentius Varro
5. Which of the following is NOT a way the normal microbiota of the intestine
helps to prevent infection?
It produces acids that lower the pH of the stomach.
It speeds up the process by which microbes are flushed from the digestive
tract.
It consumes food and occupies space, outcompeting potential pathogens.
It generates large quantities of oxygen that kill anaerobic pathogens. -
ANSWER ✔ It generates large quantities of oxygen that kill anaerobic
pathogens.
6. What types of microbes live in the intestines?
Diverse species of bacteria, archaea, and fungi, especially Bacteroides and
Firmicutes bacteria
A narrow range of bacteria, especially Firmicutes
A narrow range of bacteria and fungi, especially Bacteroides
7. Archaea and fungi only - ANSWER ✔ Diverse species of bacteria, archaea,
and fungi, especially Bacteroides and Firmicutes bacteria
,8. What pathogen is the most important contributor to biofilms in plaque?
Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcus mutans
Escherichia coli
Clostridium difficile - ANSWER ✔ Streptococcus mutans
9. What type of organism causes thrush?
a bacterium
a virus
a fungus
a protozoan - ANSWER ✔ a fungus
10.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, using a microscope, was the first to actually
describe observations of bacteria, in ______________. - ANSWER ✔ 1675
11._______________ ________________ developed a taxonomic system for
categorizing organisms into related groups. - ANSWER ✔ Carolus Linnaeus
12.Which of the following foods is NOT made by fermentation?
- beer
- cheese
- orange juice
- bread - ANSWER ✔ orange juice
, 13._________________ are plant-like organisms that can be either unicellular
or multicellular, and derive energy via photosynthesis. - ANSWER ✔ Algae
14._________________ are acellular microorganisms that require a host to
reproduce. - ANSWER ✔ Viruses
15.______________ is the study of fungi. - ANSWER ✔ Mycology
16.Who proposed that swamps might harbor tiny, disease-causing animals too
small to see? - ANSWER ✔ Marcus Terentius Varro
17.Which of the following was NOT a kingdom in Linnaeus's taxonomy?
- protist
- plant
- mineral
- animal - ANSWER ✔ protist
18.What are helminths and why are they medically important? (check all that
apply)
- Helminths are eukaryotes.
- They can be human parasites
- Helminths are worms.
- Helminths are prokaryotes - ANSWER ✔ Helminths are eukaryotes.
They can be human parasites
Helminths are worms.
STUDY GUIDE 2026 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS || 100% GUARANTEED PASS
<LATEST VERSION>
1. Which of the following foods is NOT made by fermentation?
beer
bread
cheese
orange juice - ANSWER ✔ orange juice
2. Who is considered the "father of Western medicine"?
Marcus Terentius Varro
Thucydides
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
Hippocrates - ANSWER ✔ Hippocrates
3. Who was the first to observe "animalcules" under the microscope?
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
Ötzi the Iceman
Marcus Terentius Varro
Robert Koch - ANSWER ✔ Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
4. Who proposed that swamps might harbor tiny, disease-causing animals too
small to see?
Thucydides
Marcus Terentius Varro
Hippocrates
, Louis Pasteur - ANSWER ✔ Marcus Terentius Varro
5. Which of the following is NOT a way the normal microbiota of the intestine
helps to prevent infection?
It produces acids that lower the pH of the stomach.
It speeds up the process by which microbes are flushed from the digestive
tract.
It consumes food and occupies space, outcompeting potential pathogens.
It generates large quantities of oxygen that kill anaerobic pathogens. -
ANSWER ✔ It generates large quantities of oxygen that kill anaerobic
pathogens.
6. What types of microbes live in the intestines?
Diverse species of bacteria, archaea, and fungi, especially Bacteroides and
Firmicutes bacteria
A narrow range of bacteria, especially Firmicutes
A narrow range of bacteria and fungi, especially Bacteroides
7. Archaea and fungi only - ANSWER ✔ Diverse species of bacteria, archaea,
and fungi, especially Bacteroides and Firmicutes bacteria
,8. What pathogen is the most important contributor to biofilms in plaque?
Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcus mutans
Escherichia coli
Clostridium difficile - ANSWER ✔ Streptococcus mutans
9. What type of organism causes thrush?
a bacterium
a virus
a fungus
a protozoan - ANSWER ✔ a fungus
10.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, using a microscope, was the first to actually
describe observations of bacteria, in ______________. - ANSWER ✔ 1675
11._______________ ________________ developed a taxonomic system for
categorizing organisms into related groups. - ANSWER ✔ Carolus Linnaeus
12.Which of the following foods is NOT made by fermentation?
- beer
- cheese
- orange juice
- bread - ANSWER ✔ orange juice
, 13._________________ are plant-like organisms that can be either unicellular
or multicellular, and derive energy via photosynthesis. - ANSWER ✔ Algae
14._________________ are acellular microorganisms that require a host to
reproduce. - ANSWER ✔ Viruses
15.______________ is the study of fungi. - ANSWER ✔ Mycology
16.Who proposed that swamps might harbor tiny, disease-causing animals too
small to see? - ANSWER ✔ Marcus Terentius Varro
17.Which of the following was NOT a kingdom in Linnaeus's taxonomy?
- protist
- plant
- mineral
- animal - ANSWER ✔ protist
18.What are helminths and why are they medically important? (check all that
apply)
- Helminths are eukaryotes.
- They can be human parasites
- Helminths are worms.
- Helminths are prokaryotes - ANSWER ✔ Helminths are eukaryotes.
They can be human parasites
Helminths are worms.
