Biol 2457 (A&P 1) Final Exam Second Half Questions
with Correct Answers 2025/2026
1. Epithelial CORRECT ANSWER A body tissue that covers the surfaces of the body,
inside and out
2. connective tissue CORRECT ANSWER A body tissue that provides support for the
body and connects all of its parts, stores energy as fat, provides nonspecific immunity
3. muscular tissue CORRECT ANSWER Generates the physical force needed to make
body structures move and generate body heat
4. Nervous tissue CORRECT ANSWER Detects bodily changes and responds by
generating nerve impulses
5. Endoderm CORRECT ANSWER the inner germ layer that develops into the lining of
the digestive and respiratory systems
6. Mesoderm CORRECT ANSWER middle germ layer; develops into muscles, and much
of the circulatory, reproductive, and excretory systems
7. Ectoderm CORRECT ANSWER the outer germ layer that develops into skin and
nervous tissue
8. Tight junctions CORRECT ANSWER weblike strands of transmembrane proteins that
fuse together the outer surfaces of adjacent plasma membranes to seal off passageways
between adjacent cells, fuse cells together
,9. Adherens junctions CORRECT ANSWER contain plaque, a dense layer of proteins
on the inside of the plasma membrane that attaches both to membrane proteins
and to microfilaments of the cytoskeleton
10. Desmosomes CORRECT ANSWER Anchoring junctions that prevents cells subjected
to mechanical stress from being pulled apart; button like thickenings of adjacent
plasma membranes connected by fine protein filaments
11. Hemidesmosomes CORRECT ANSWER attach epithelial cells to the
basement membrane
12. Gap junctions CORRECT ANSWER Points that provide cytoplasmic channels from
one cell to another with special membrane proteins. Also called communicating
junctions.
13. basal lamina CORRECT ANSWER thin extracellular layer that lies underneath
epithelial cells and separates them from other tissues
14. reticular lamina CORRECT ANSWER a layer of extracellular material containing a
fine network of collagen protein fibers that "belongs to" the underlying connective
tissue
15. simple epithelium CORRECT ANSWER a single layer of cells;
16. functions: diffusion, osmosis, filtration, secretion, and absorption
17. psuedostratified epithelium CORRECT ANSWER appears to have multiple layers
because the cell nuclei are at different levels, all cells do not reach the apical surface
18. stratified epithelium CORRECT ANSWER Multiples tiers of cells.
19. Squamous CORRECT ANSWER flat cells, allows rapid passage of substance
, 20. Cuboidal CORRECT ANSWER cube-shaped cells, as tall as they are wide
21. Columnar CORRECT ANSWER column-shaped cells, taller than they are wide
22. Transitional CORRECT ANSWER found in the bladder lining; peculiar cells that
slide over one another, transition from flat to cuboidal
23. Location: urinary bladder
24. simple squamous epithelium CORRECT ANSWER Function: Allows passage of
materials by diffusion and filtration in sites where protection is not important; secretes
lubricating substances in serosae.
25. Location: Kidney glomeruli, air sacs of lungs, lining of heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic
vessels; lining of ventral body cavity(serosae)
26. endothelium CORRECT ANSWER the specialized epithelial tissue that lines the
blood and lymph vessels, body cavities, glands, and organs
27. Mesothelium CORRECT ANSWER the epithelium found in serous membranes lining
the ventral body cavity and covering its organs
28. simple cuboidal epithelium CORRECT ANSWER Function: secretion and absorption
29. Location: Kidney tubules; ducts and secretory portions of small glands, ovary surface.
with Correct Answers 2025/2026
1. Epithelial CORRECT ANSWER A body tissue that covers the surfaces of the body,
inside and out
2. connective tissue CORRECT ANSWER A body tissue that provides support for the
body and connects all of its parts, stores energy as fat, provides nonspecific immunity
3. muscular tissue CORRECT ANSWER Generates the physical force needed to make
body structures move and generate body heat
4. Nervous tissue CORRECT ANSWER Detects bodily changes and responds by
generating nerve impulses
5. Endoderm CORRECT ANSWER the inner germ layer that develops into the lining of
the digestive and respiratory systems
6. Mesoderm CORRECT ANSWER middle germ layer; develops into muscles, and much
of the circulatory, reproductive, and excretory systems
7. Ectoderm CORRECT ANSWER the outer germ layer that develops into skin and
nervous tissue
8. Tight junctions CORRECT ANSWER weblike strands of transmembrane proteins that
fuse together the outer surfaces of adjacent plasma membranes to seal off passageways
between adjacent cells, fuse cells together
,9. Adherens junctions CORRECT ANSWER contain plaque, a dense layer of proteins
on the inside of the plasma membrane that attaches both to membrane proteins
and to microfilaments of the cytoskeleton
10. Desmosomes CORRECT ANSWER Anchoring junctions that prevents cells subjected
to mechanical stress from being pulled apart; button like thickenings of adjacent
plasma membranes connected by fine protein filaments
11. Hemidesmosomes CORRECT ANSWER attach epithelial cells to the
basement membrane
12. Gap junctions CORRECT ANSWER Points that provide cytoplasmic channels from
one cell to another with special membrane proteins. Also called communicating
junctions.
13. basal lamina CORRECT ANSWER thin extracellular layer that lies underneath
epithelial cells and separates them from other tissues
14. reticular lamina CORRECT ANSWER a layer of extracellular material containing a
fine network of collagen protein fibers that "belongs to" the underlying connective
tissue
15. simple epithelium CORRECT ANSWER a single layer of cells;
16. functions: diffusion, osmosis, filtration, secretion, and absorption
17. psuedostratified epithelium CORRECT ANSWER appears to have multiple layers
because the cell nuclei are at different levels, all cells do not reach the apical surface
18. stratified epithelium CORRECT ANSWER Multiples tiers of cells.
19. Squamous CORRECT ANSWER flat cells, allows rapid passage of substance
, 20. Cuboidal CORRECT ANSWER cube-shaped cells, as tall as they are wide
21. Columnar CORRECT ANSWER column-shaped cells, taller than they are wide
22. Transitional CORRECT ANSWER found in the bladder lining; peculiar cells that
slide over one another, transition from flat to cuboidal
23. Location: urinary bladder
24. simple squamous epithelium CORRECT ANSWER Function: Allows passage of
materials by diffusion and filtration in sites where protection is not important; secretes
lubricating substances in serosae.
25. Location: Kidney glomeruli, air sacs of lungs, lining of heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic
vessels; lining of ventral body cavity(serosae)
26. endothelium CORRECT ANSWER the specialized epithelial tissue that lines the
blood and lymph vessels, body cavities, glands, and organs
27. Mesothelium CORRECT ANSWER the epithelium found in serous membranes lining
the ventral body cavity and covering its organs
28. simple cuboidal epithelium CORRECT ANSWER Function: secretion and absorption
29. Location: Kidney tubules; ducts and secretory portions of small glands, ovary surface.
