EVOLVE PHARMACOLOGY HESI PRACTICE EXAM NEWEST
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED
ANSWERS(DETAILED ANSWERS)|ALREADY GRADED A+
Which prescription should the practical nurse administer for a client who is experiencing an acute
episode of bronchial asthma?
A) Nedocromil (Tilade).
B) Albuterol (Proventil).
C) Zafirlukast (Accolate).
D) Triamcinolone (Azmacort). - CORRECT ANSWERS-B) Albuterol (Proventil).
Feedback:
Albuterol (Proventil) (B), an adrenergic agonist, is the first line of treatment for acute episodes of
bronchial asthma. (A, C, and D) are maintenance medications used in the prevention of asthmatic
episodes and are routinely taken every day, not during an acute episode.
A female client with recurring headaches tells the practical nurse (PN) that she has been taking at least 4
grams of acetaminophen a day. Which laboratory studies should the PN review for this client?
A) Creatinine clearance.
B) Hepatic enzymes.
C) Coagulation values.
D) Arterial blood gases. - CORRECT ANSWERS-B) Hepatic enzymes.
Feedback:
Liver toxicity can occur when doses of acetaminophen exceed 4 grams a day, resulting in an elevation in
hepatic enzyme values (B). (A, C, and D) do not reveal findings related to acetaminophen toxicity.
A client receives a prescription for an oral opioid analgesic for post-operative pain. Which adverse effect
should the practical nurse (PN) monitor for with the client?
A) Constipation.
B) Photosensitivity.
C) Decreased heart rate.
D) Frequent urination. - CORRECT ANSWERS-A) Constipation.
,Feedback:
Opioid analgesics slow peristalsis, which leads to constipation (A), a common side effect of opiates. (B, C,
and D) are not associated with opioid analgesics.
Which action should the practical nurse implement when administering a buccal medication?
A) Encourage the client to swallow.
B) Administer water with medication.
C) Ensure the medication is positioned under the tongue.
D) Place the medication between the upper molar teeth and cheek. - CORRECT ANSWERS-D)
Place the medication between the upper molar teeth and cheek.
Feedback:
Buccal medications are placed between the upper molar teeth and the cheek (D) for absorption by the
capillaries of the oral mucosa. The client should be cautioned against swallowing, not (A). Buccal
medications are not administered with water (B). (C) describes sublingual administration.
What assessment is most important for the practical nurse (PN) to obtain prior to initiating medication
therapy with phenelzine (Nardil) for a client with depression?
A) Activity level.
B) Mood and affect.
C) Understanding of diet modification.
D) The client's support system. - CORRECT ANSWERS-C) Understanding of diet modification.
Feedback:
To prevent a potentially lethal hypertensive crisis, a tyramine-free diet should be maintained during
antidepressant therapy with Nardil, a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). It is most important to
determine if the client understands diet modification (C) before Nardil is initiated to prevent
consumption of foods that interact with Nardil. Although a client's activity level (A) and mood and affect
(B) should be monitored during antidepressant therapy, it is most important that the client understand
diet modifications. The client's support system (D) and network of family and friends is important, but
the client should understand the responsibility of dietary compliance with the medication regimen.
The practical nurse (PN) is unable to arouse a client who is receiving meperidine (Demerol) for
postoperative pain. The client is stuporous, has constricted pupils, and a respiratory rate of 8
breaths/minute. Which PRN prescription should the PN give the client?
, A) Naloxone (Narcan).
B) Promethazine (Phenergan).
C) Metoclopramide (Reglan).
D) Bethanechol (Urecholine). - CORRECT ANSWERS-A) Naloxone (Narcan).
Feedback:
Narcan (A) is an opioid antagonist and should be administered to reverse the effects of a Demerol, an
opioid, overdose. (B, C, and D) are common postoperative PRN prescriptions but are not indicated for
narcotic overdose.
On which therapeutic action should the practical nurse (PN) base an explanation to a client who is
receiving a cardiac glycoside?
A) Decreased cardiac output.
B) Increased renal perfusion.
C) Decreased rate of contraction.
D) Increased blood volume. - CORRECT ANSWERS-C) Decreased rate of contraction.
Feedback:
Cardiac glycosides increase the force of cardiac contraction (inotropy) and decrease the heart rate
(chronotropy) (C) by decreasing the speed of conduction through the heart (dromotropy). (A, B, and D)
are incorrect.
A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus received an early AM dose of regular insulin per sliding scale. At
10:00 AM, the practical nurse (PN) should report which signs indicative of hypoglycemia?
A) Urticaria and rash.
B) Nausea and diarrhea.
C) Irritability and confusion.
D) Fruity, acetone odor to the breath. - CORRECT ANSWERS-C) Irritability and confusion.
Feedback:
Irritability and confusion (C) are early signs of hypoglycemia. (A, B, and D) are not signs of hypoglycemia.
Which prescription should the practical nurse (PN) administer for a client who is experiencing an
anaphylactic reaction to an antibiotic?
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED
ANSWERS(DETAILED ANSWERS)|ALREADY GRADED A+
Which prescription should the practical nurse administer for a client who is experiencing an acute
episode of bronchial asthma?
A) Nedocromil (Tilade).
B) Albuterol (Proventil).
C) Zafirlukast (Accolate).
D) Triamcinolone (Azmacort). - CORRECT ANSWERS-B) Albuterol (Proventil).
Feedback:
Albuterol (Proventil) (B), an adrenergic agonist, is the first line of treatment for acute episodes of
bronchial asthma. (A, C, and D) are maintenance medications used in the prevention of asthmatic
episodes and are routinely taken every day, not during an acute episode.
A female client with recurring headaches tells the practical nurse (PN) that she has been taking at least 4
grams of acetaminophen a day. Which laboratory studies should the PN review for this client?
A) Creatinine clearance.
B) Hepatic enzymes.
C) Coagulation values.
D) Arterial blood gases. - CORRECT ANSWERS-B) Hepatic enzymes.
Feedback:
Liver toxicity can occur when doses of acetaminophen exceed 4 grams a day, resulting in an elevation in
hepatic enzyme values (B). (A, C, and D) do not reveal findings related to acetaminophen toxicity.
A client receives a prescription for an oral opioid analgesic for post-operative pain. Which adverse effect
should the practical nurse (PN) monitor for with the client?
A) Constipation.
B) Photosensitivity.
C) Decreased heart rate.
D) Frequent urination. - CORRECT ANSWERS-A) Constipation.
,Feedback:
Opioid analgesics slow peristalsis, which leads to constipation (A), a common side effect of opiates. (B, C,
and D) are not associated with opioid analgesics.
Which action should the practical nurse implement when administering a buccal medication?
A) Encourage the client to swallow.
B) Administer water with medication.
C) Ensure the medication is positioned under the tongue.
D) Place the medication between the upper molar teeth and cheek. - CORRECT ANSWERS-D)
Place the medication between the upper molar teeth and cheek.
Feedback:
Buccal medications are placed between the upper molar teeth and the cheek (D) for absorption by the
capillaries of the oral mucosa. The client should be cautioned against swallowing, not (A). Buccal
medications are not administered with water (B). (C) describes sublingual administration.
What assessment is most important for the practical nurse (PN) to obtain prior to initiating medication
therapy with phenelzine (Nardil) for a client with depression?
A) Activity level.
B) Mood and affect.
C) Understanding of diet modification.
D) The client's support system. - CORRECT ANSWERS-C) Understanding of diet modification.
Feedback:
To prevent a potentially lethal hypertensive crisis, a tyramine-free diet should be maintained during
antidepressant therapy with Nardil, a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). It is most important to
determine if the client understands diet modification (C) before Nardil is initiated to prevent
consumption of foods that interact with Nardil. Although a client's activity level (A) and mood and affect
(B) should be monitored during antidepressant therapy, it is most important that the client understand
diet modifications. The client's support system (D) and network of family and friends is important, but
the client should understand the responsibility of dietary compliance with the medication regimen.
The practical nurse (PN) is unable to arouse a client who is receiving meperidine (Demerol) for
postoperative pain. The client is stuporous, has constricted pupils, and a respiratory rate of 8
breaths/minute. Which PRN prescription should the PN give the client?
, A) Naloxone (Narcan).
B) Promethazine (Phenergan).
C) Metoclopramide (Reglan).
D) Bethanechol (Urecholine). - CORRECT ANSWERS-A) Naloxone (Narcan).
Feedback:
Narcan (A) is an opioid antagonist and should be administered to reverse the effects of a Demerol, an
opioid, overdose. (B, C, and D) are common postoperative PRN prescriptions but are not indicated for
narcotic overdose.
On which therapeutic action should the practical nurse (PN) base an explanation to a client who is
receiving a cardiac glycoside?
A) Decreased cardiac output.
B) Increased renal perfusion.
C) Decreased rate of contraction.
D) Increased blood volume. - CORRECT ANSWERS-C) Decreased rate of contraction.
Feedback:
Cardiac glycosides increase the force of cardiac contraction (inotropy) and decrease the heart rate
(chronotropy) (C) by decreasing the speed of conduction through the heart (dromotropy). (A, B, and D)
are incorrect.
A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus received an early AM dose of regular insulin per sliding scale. At
10:00 AM, the practical nurse (PN) should report which signs indicative of hypoglycemia?
A) Urticaria and rash.
B) Nausea and diarrhea.
C) Irritability and confusion.
D) Fruity, acetone odor to the breath. - CORRECT ANSWERS-C) Irritability and confusion.
Feedback:
Irritability and confusion (C) are early signs of hypoglycemia. (A, B, and D) are not signs of hypoglycemia.
Which prescription should the practical nurse (PN) administer for a client who is experiencing an
anaphylactic reaction to an antibiotic?
