West Coast EMT Block 4 Study Guide
With Correct Answers.
Know what cavitation is - Answer Results from rapid changes in tissue and fluid
pressure that occur with the passage of the projectile, can result in serious injury to
internal organs distant to the actual path of the bullet.
Know Newton's First Law of Motion - Answer The first law states that objects at rest
tend to stay at rest and objects in motion tend to stay in motion unless acted upon by
an outside force.
Kinetic Energy - Answer The energy of a moving object.
Reflects the relationship between the mass (weight) of the object and the velocity
(speed) at which it is traveling.
Potential Energy - Answer The product of mass (weight), force of gravity, and height
and is mostly associated with the energy of falling objects.
The energy stored within an object.
Know the 3 collisions that occur in a car accident.
First Collision: - Answer The collision of the car against another car, a tree, or other
objects.
Does not directly affect patient care except making extrication difficult
The damage to the car can indicate how severe the patient's injury is and help
determine the mechanism of injury.
Know the 3 collisions that occur in a car accident.
Second Collision: - Answer The collision of the passenger against the interior of the
car.
This damage is caused by the kinetic energy produced by the passenger's mass and
velocity is converted into the work of stopping the passenger's body.
It can cause severe traumatic injury that can be apparent during the scene size up or
primary assessment.
The most dramatic injury occurs when the passenger is not restrained.
Know the 3 collisions that occur in a car accident.
Third Collision: - Answer The collision of the passenger's internal organs against the
solid structures of the body.
These injuries may not be as obvious as external injuries but they are often the most
life-threatening.
When the car hits an object, the internal organs also hit the inside structure of the
body which can result in compression or stretching (tearing).
, West Coast EMT Block 4 Study Guide
With Correct Answers.
What to assume with the death of an occupant in the same vehicle as another
person? - Answer Suspect that the other person has sustained serious injuries even
if the injuries are not obvious.
Treat life-threatening injuries and provide rapid transport to a trauma center.
These passengers have likely experienced the same amount of force that caused
the death of the other.
What is the purpose of airbags? What happens if airbags don't deploy + what should
you do? - Answer Air bags gently cushions the occupant as the body slows and
decelerates to decrease the severity of the impact of the second and third collision.
If the airbags did not inflate during the accident, there is a chance they will deploy
during extrication which can cause severe injury to the EMT.
Extreme caution must be used when extricating a patient whose airbags did not
deploy.
What is the purpose of a head rest? What can it prevent? - Answer Headrests
decrease the extension of the head and neck during a crash and help reduce injury
(mainly whiplash injury).
Arteries - Answer A blood vessel, consisting of three layers of tissue and smooth
muscle, that carries blood away from the heart.
Arterioles - Answer The smallest branch of arteries leading to the vast network of
capillaries.
Capillaries - Answer The smallest blood vessels that connect arterioles and venules;
various substances pass through capillary walls, into and out of the interstitial fluid,
and then on to the cells.
Venules - Answer Small, thin-walled blood vessels of the veins.
Veins - Answer Blood vessels that carry blood from the tissues to the heart.
What affects the ability of the blood to clot? - Answer Movements, disease process,
certain medications (blood thinners), removal of bandages, the external environment,
or body temperature
What happens after soft tissue has been damaged? (*hint, look up the wound
healing process) - Answer The wound healing process starts. First stage is to stop
bleeding through blood clotting in order to maintain homeostasis.
With Correct Answers.
Know what cavitation is - Answer Results from rapid changes in tissue and fluid
pressure that occur with the passage of the projectile, can result in serious injury to
internal organs distant to the actual path of the bullet.
Know Newton's First Law of Motion - Answer The first law states that objects at rest
tend to stay at rest and objects in motion tend to stay in motion unless acted upon by
an outside force.
Kinetic Energy - Answer The energy of a moving object.
Reflects the relationship between the mass (weight) of the object and the velocity
(speed) at which it is traveling.
Potential Energy - Answer The product of mass (weight), force of gravity, and height
and is mostly associated with the energy of falling objects.
The energy stored within an object.
Know the 3 collisions that occur in a car accident.
First Collision: - Answer The collision of the car against another car, a tree, or other
objects.
Does not directly affect patient care except making extrication difficult
The damage to the car can indicate how severe the patient's injury is and help
determine the mechanism of injury.
Know the 3 collisions that occur in a car accident.
Second Collision: - Answer The collision of the passenger against the interior of the
car.
This damage is caused by the kinetic energy produced by the passenger's mass and
velocity is converted into the work of stopping the passenger's body.
It can cause severe traumatic injury that can be apparent during the scene size up or
primary assessment.
The most dramatic injury occurs when the passenger is not restrained.
Know the 3 collisions that occur in a car accident.
Third Collision: - Answer The collision of the passenger's internal organs against the
solid structures of the body.
These injuries may not be as obvious as external injuries but they are often the most
life-threatening.
When the car hits an object, the internal organs also hit the inside structure of the
body which can result in compression or stretching (tearing).
, West Coast EMT Block 4 Study Guide
With Correct Answers.
What to assume with the death of an occupant in the same vehicle as another
person? - Answer Suspect that the other person has sustained serious injuries even
if the injuries are not obvious.
Treat life-threatening injuries and provide rapid transport to a trauma center.
These passengers have likely experienced the same amount of force that caused
the death of the other.
What is the purpose of airbags? What happens if airbags don't deploy + what should
you do? - Answer Air bags gently cushions the occupant as the body slows and
decelerates to decrease the severity of the impact of the second and third collision.
If the airbags did not inflate during the accident, there is a chance they will deploy
during extrication which can cause severe injury to the EMT.
Extreme caution must be used when extricating a patient whose airbags did not
deploy.
What is the purpose of a head rest? What can it prevent? - Answer Headrests
decrease the extension of the head and neck during a crash and help reduce injury
(mainly whiplash injury).
Arteries - Answer A blood vessel, consisting of three layers of tissue and smooth
muscle, that carries blood away from the heart.
Arterioles - Answer The smallest branch of arteries leading to the vast network of
capillaries.
Capillaries - Answer The smallest blood vessels that connect arterioles and venules;
various substances pass through capillary walls, into and out of the interstitial fluid,
and then on to the cells.
Venules - Answer Small, thin-walled blood vessels of the veins.
Veins - Answer Blood vessels that carry blood from the tissues to the heart.
What affects the ability of the blood to clot? - Answer Movements, disease process,
certain medications (blood thinners), removal of bandages, the external environment,
or body temperature
What happens after soft tissue has been damaged? (*hint, look up the wound
healing process) - Answer The wound healing process starts. First stage is to stop
bleeding through blood clotting in order to maintain homeostasis.
