ESS 101 LAB EXAMINATION TEST FINAL
PAPER FULL SOLUTION 2026 GRADED A+.
⫸ What does the Bowen's reaction series represent? Answer: Bowen
determined that specific minerals form at specific temperatures as a
magma cools. At the higher temperatures associated with mafic and
intermediate magmas, the general progression can be separated into
two branches.
⫸ How do porphyritic-textured igneous rocks form? Answer:
Porphyritic rocks are formed when a column of rising magma is
cooled in two stages. In the first stage, the magma is cooled slowly
deep in the crust, creating the large crystal grains, with a diameter of
2mm or more.
⫸ How does lava viscosity affect the slope of a volcano? Answer:
the more viscous the magmas a volcano erupts, the steeper the
volcano. Thus, shield volcanoes like we have in Hawai'i have gentle
slopes (less than 10 degrees), while stratovolcanoes like the Cascades
in the northwestern mainland are much steeper (roughly 25 degrees).
⫸ What is a clastic sedimentary rock? Answer: Clastic rocks are
composed of fragments, or clasts, of pre-existing minerals and rock. A
clast is a fragment of geological detritus, chunks and smaller grains of
rock broken off other rocks by physical weathering. Geologists use
the term clastic with reference to sedimentary rocks as well as to
particles in sediment transport whether in suspension or as bed load,
and in sediment deposits.
PAPER FULL SOLUTION 2026 GRADED A+.
⫸ What does the Bowen's reaction series represent? Answer: Bowen
determined that specific minerals form at specific temperatures as a
magma cools. At the higher temperatures associated with mafic and
intermediate magmas, the general progression can be separated into
two branches.
⫸ How do porphyritic-textured igneous rocks form? Answer:
Porphyritic rocks are formed when a column of rising magma is
cooled in two stages. In the first stage, the magma is cooled slowly
deep in the crust, creating the large crystal grains, with a diameter of
2mm or more.
⫸ How does lava viscosity affect the slope of a volcano? Answer:
the more viscous the magmas a volcano erupts, the steeper the
volcano. Thus, shield volcanoes like we have in Hawai'i have gentle
slopes (less than 10 degrees), while stratovolcanoes like the Cascades
in the northwestern mainland are much steeper (roughly 25 degrees).
⫸ What is a clastic sedimentary rock? Answer: Clastic rocks are
composed of fragments, or clasts, of pre-existing minerals and rock. A
clast is a fragment of geological detritus, chunks and smaller grains of
rock broken off other rocks by physical weathering. Geologists use
the term clastic with reference to sedimentary rocks as well as to
particles in sediment transport whether in suspension or as bed load,
and in sediment deposits.
