NURS 460 Final Exam questions with answers

NURS 460 Final Exam questions with
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answers

Cancers that lead to the highest number of deaths -
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CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Lung and bronchus|\ |\ |\ |\




Breast
Prostate
Colon/rectum |\




Pancreas


Nurses Role in prevention of cancer and cancer related
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deaths - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Educate on cancer risk
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factors (smoking)
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Help increase rates on cancer screenings (colonoscopy)
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Help pts. comply with their cancer regimens
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Support pts. and their families as they cope with the
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effects of cancer and tx
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What to avoid and do to help prevent cancer - CORRECT
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ANSWERS ✔✔-Reduce exposure to known or suspected
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carcinogens and cancer-promoting agents (cigarettes,
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tanning beds, sun exposure)
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,-Reduce dietary fat and preservatives (smoked or salt-
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cured meats containing high nitrate concentrations)
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-Limit ETOH intake
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-Participate in regular exercise |\ |\ |\ |\




-Maintain a healthy weight |\ |\ |\




-6-8 hours of rest per night
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-Eliminate stressors and cope with them effectively
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-Have a regular physical exam
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-Have the recommended cancer screenings
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-Self-examinations
-Know the seven warning signs on cancer
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-Seek immediate medical care if a change is noticed
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-Wear proper clothing (gown, flows, respirator) when
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working with chemicals |\ |\




Common side effects of chemotherapy and radiation
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therapy - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Allopecia
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Bone Marrow Suppression
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N/V
Extreme fatigue (blood clots due to sedentary)
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Possible extravasation |\ |\




Diarrhea or constipation |\ |\




Skin Rashes
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,Long term damage to kidneys, liver, and lungs
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Radiation damage to skin |\ |\ |\




At risk for infection
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Low platelet and WBC (at risk for bleeding)
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Tx options to prevent complications from chemo and
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radiation - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Prophylactic |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



antiemetics |\




Anti-diarrheals, stool softeners, iron supplement |\ |\ |\ |\




Discuss hair loss |\ |\




Establish a time to take a daily walk-want to conserve
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energy |\




Infection prevention |\




Include pt. in diet planning |\ |\ |\ |\




Eat small, frequent meals
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Good oral hygiene (examine for sores in mouth)
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Proper hand hygiene |\ |\ |\




Protect skin from the sun |\ |\ |\ |\




Avoid swimming pools |\ |\ |\




Soft bristle toothbrush
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Diet Modifications for Chemo - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔Soft, bland, moist foods |\ |\ |\

, High-protein, high-calorie |\




Small frequent meals |\ |\




No strong smells
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Avoid irritating foods (spicy, acidic, hot/cold)
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Low-residue/fiber for diarrhea |\ |\




High-fiber for constipation |\ |\ |\




Nutrition supplements |\ |\




drink 3L of fluid a day
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Eat/drink when not nauseated |\ |\ |\




No veggies from the ground
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PET Scan - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔used to identify
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abnormal cellular activity |\ |\ |\




can give an accurate staging of cancer
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Pt. is injected w/ radioactive dye
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Dye goes to areas with higher levels of activity (cancer
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cells) and shows as a brighter color on the scan
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Biopsy - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Removal of tissue sample
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for pathologic analysis
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•Endoscopic—lung, colon, bladder |\ |\