ESTUDYR
NUR 176 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) MOST RECENT EXAM COMPLETE (2025) (LATEST
UPDATE 2025) UPDATE
Interventions to prevent diabetes include:
A. Smoking and high-fat diet
B. Sedentary lifestyle only
C. Maintain healthy weight, balanced diet, and regular exercise. ✅
D. Avoid all carbohydrates
Rationale: Lifestyle modifications (weight, diet, activity) are primary prevention for type 2
diabetes.
Which cluster is typical for type 1 diabetes onset?
A. Gradual weight gain, no polyuria
B. The “3 polys” (polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia), blurred vision, sudden onset, often
underweight and age ≤30. ✅
C. No symptoms initially, older adults
D. Only neuropathy symptoms
Rationale: Type 1 often presents abruptly with classic hyperglycemia symptoms and weight
loss.
Early presentation of type 2 diabetes often includes:
A. Sudden weight loss and DKA always
B. No symptoms initially; later obesity, acanthosis nigricans, skin tags, and the 3 polys. ✅
C. Only polyphagia in children
D. Only tremors and sweating
Rationale: Type 2 can be asymptomatic for years; metabolic signs develop gradually.
Classic signs of hypoglycemia include:
A. Polyuria and polydipsia
B. Weight gain only
C. Fatigue, weakness, irritability, decreased cognition, tremors, diaphoresis, seizures. ✅
D. Jaundice
Rationale: Hypoglycemia triggers autonomic and neuroglycopenic symptoms.
Classic signs of hyperglycemia include:
A. Bradycardia only
B. The 3 polys and possible fruity breath (in DKA). ✅
C. Excessive sweating only
,ESTUDYR
D. Cyanosis
Rationale: Hyperglycemia causes osmotic diuresis and, if severe (DKA), ketone signs.
Which is TRUE about DKA and its treatment?
A. Treat with only oral hypoglycemics
B. Presents with high BG, tachycardia, restlessness, weight loss, fruity breath, Kussmaul
respirations; treat with IV regular insulin and fluids. ✅
C. Never involves metabolic acidosis
D. Always mild and self-resolving
Rationale: DKA is insulin deficiency with ketogenesis; IV fluids and insulin are essential.
First intervention when a patient presents with suspected hypo- or hyperglycemia:
A. Call social work
B. Give insulin immediately
C. Check blood glucose (point-of-care). ✅
D. Start antibiotics
Rationale: Confirm blood glucose level before initiating treatment.
To prevent long-term diabetic complications, patients should:
A. Avoid medical follow-up
B. Take prescribed meds, perform daily foot care, have renal testing yearly, eye exams
regularly, and maintain LDL targets. ✅
C. Only exercise weekly
D. Skip medications when feeling well
Rationale: Ongoing management and screenings reduce micro- and macrovascular
complications.
Diabetes dietary teaching should emphasize:
A. Random eating patterns
B. Consistent meal times, decreased saturated fats, increased activity; use tools like MyPlate.
✅
C. Eliminate all proteins
D. High-sugar snacks daily
Rationale: Consistent meals and healthy choices support glycemic control.
A diabetic should only increase carbohydrate intake when:
A. Their BP is high
B. They feel very stressed
C. Their blood sugar is low before exercise (to prevent hypoglycemia). ✅
, ESTUDYR
D. They are going to sleep
Rationale: Extra carbs before exertion prevent exercise-induced hypoglycemia.
Discharge teaching for diabetic patients should include:
A. Avoid glucose monitoring
B. Know hypo/hyperglycemia signs, recognize illness/stress effects on BG, consult diabetic
educator, understand exercise effects. ✅
C. Stop meds when better
D. Only come back if symptoms worsen
Rationale: Education empowers self-management and complication prevention.
Proper diabetic foot care includes:
A. Walking barefoot to toughen soles
B. Daily washing with soap/warm water, clean socks, cut nails straight across, keep feet dry,
inspect daily, wear shoes, no lotion between toes. ✅
C. Use powder between toes regularly
D. Ignore small cuts
Rationale: Foot care prevents ulcers and infections in neuropathic patients.
Typical lipid goals for many diabetic patients:
A. LDL >160, HDL <20
B. LDL <100 (or <70 if high risk), HDL >40, triglycerides <150. ✅
C. HDL <40 always acceptable
D. No need to manage lipids
Rationale: Lipid control reduces cardiovascular risk in diabetes.
Low HDL and high triglycerides commonly indicate:
A. Excellent insulin sensitivity
B. Insulin resistance and metabolic risk. ✅
C. Low cardiovascular risk
D. Only dehydration
Rationale: Dyslipidemia pattern is associated with insulin resistance.
Which insulins should not be mixed?
A. Regular with NPH
B. Long-acting analogs (e.g., detemir/Levemir and glargine/Lantus). ✅
C. Rapid with short acting
D. Any insulin can be mixed safely
Rationale: Mixing long-acting basal insulins alters their action and is contraindicated.
NUR 176 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) MOST RECENT EXAM COMPLETE (2025) (LATEST
UPDATE 2025) UPDATE
Interventions to prevent diabetes include:
A. Smoking and high-fat diet
B. Sedentary lifestyle only
C. Maintain healthy weight, balanced diet, and regular exercise. ✅
D. Avoid all carbohydrates
Rationale: Lifestyle modifications (weight, diet, activity) are primary prevention for type 2
diabetes.
Which cluster is typical for type 1 diabetes onset?
A. Gradual weight gain, no polyuria
B. The “3 polys” (polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia), blurred vision, sudden onset, often
underweight and age ≤30. ✅
C. No symptoms initially, older adults
D. Only neuropathy symptoms
Rationale: Type 1 often presents abruptly with classic hyperglycemia symptoms and weight
loss.
Early presentation of type 2 diabetes often includes:
A. Sudden weight loss and DKA always
B. No symptoms initially; later obesity, acanthosis nigricans, skin tags, and the 3 polys. ✅
C. Only polyphagia in children
D. Only tremors and sweating
Rationale: Type 2 can be asymptomatic for years; metabolic signs develop gradually.
Classic signs of hypoglycemia include:
A. Polyuria and polydipsia
B. Weight gain only
C. Fatigue, weakness, irritability, decreased cognition, tremors, diaphoresis, seizures. ✅
D. Jaundice
Rationale: Hypoglycemia triggers autonomic and neuroglycopenic symptoms.
Classic signs of hyperglycemia include:
A. Bradycardia only
B. The 3 polys and possible fruity breath (in DKA). ✅
C. Excessive sweating only
,ESTUDYR
D. Cyanosis
Rationale: Hyperglycemia causes osmotic diuresis and, if severe (DKA), ketone signs.
Which is TRUE about DKA and its treatment?
A. Treat with only oral hypoglycemics
B. Presents with high BG, tachycardia, restlessness, weight loss, fruity breath, Kussmaul
respirations; treat with IV regular insulin and fluids. ✅
C. Never involves metabolic acidosis
D. Always mild and self-resolving
Rationale: DKA is insulin deficiency with ketogenesis; IV fluids and insulin are essential.
First intervention when a patient presents with suspected hypo- or hyperglycemia:
A. Call social work
B. Give insulin immediately
C. Check blood glucose (point-of-care). ✅
D. Start antibiotics
Rationale: Confirm blood glucose level before initiating treatment.
To prevent long-term diabetic complications, patients should:
A. Avoid medical follow-up
B. Take prescribed meds, perform daily foot care, have renal testing yearly, eye exams
regularly, and maintain LDL targets. ✅
C. Only exercise weekly
D. Skip medications when feeling well
Rationale: Ongoing management and screenings reduce micro- and macrovascular
complications.
Diabetes dietary teaching should emphasize:
A. Random eating patterns
B. Consistent meal times, decreased saturated fats, increased activity; use tools like MyPlate.
✅
C. Eliminate all proteins
D. High-sugar snacks daily
Rationale: Consistent meals and healthy choices support glycemic control.
A diabetic should only increase carbohydrate intake when:
A. Their BP is high
B. They feel very stressed
C. Their blood sugar is low before exercise (to prevent hypoglycemia). ✅
, ESTUDYR
D. They are going to sleep
Rationale: Extra carbs before exertion prevent exercise-induced hypoglycemia.
Discharge teaching for diabetic patients should include:
A. Avoid glucose monitoring
B. Know hypo/hyperglycemia signs, recognize illness/stress effects on BG, consult diabetic
educator, understand exercise effects. ✅
C. Stop meds when better
D. Only come back if symptoms worsen
Rationale: Education empowers self-management and complication prevention.
Proper diabetic foot care includes:
A. Walking barefoot to toughen soles
B. Daily washing with soap/warm water, clean socks, cut nails straight across, keep feet dry,
inspect daily, wear shoes, no lotion between toes. ✅
C. Use powder between toes regularly
D. Ignore small cuts
Rationale: Foot care prevents ulcers and infections in neuropathic patients.
Typical lipid goals for many diabetic patients:
A. LDL >160, HDL <20
B. LDL <100 (or <70 if high risk), HDL >40, triglycerides <150. ✅
C. HDL <40 always acceptable
D. No need to manage lipids
Rationale: Lipid control reduces cardiovascular risk in diabetes.
Low HDL and high triglycerides commonly indicate:
A. Excellent insulin sensitivity
B. Insulin resistance and metabolic risk. ✅
C. Low cardiovascular risk
D. Only dehydration
Rationale: Dyslipidemia pattern is associated with insulin resistance.
Which insulins should not be mixed?
A. Regular with NPH
B. Long-acting analogs (e.g., detemir/Levemir and glargine/Lantus). ✅
C. Rapid with short acting
D. Any insulin can be mixed safely
Rationale: Mixing long-acting basal insulins alters their action and is contraindicated.
