EDUCATION PSYCHOLOGY: EXAM 1
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS(GRADED
A+)
*What is unique about Educational Psychology?* - ANSWER-the research has a
very strong focus in educational environments, studying how children develop
through schooling and how certain disabilities will affect the acquisition of knowledge
*descriptive research vs. experimental designs* - ANSWERDESCRIPTIVE:
-builds correlation by observing
-only capable of building correlation because variables are not allowed to be isolated
without certain experimental parameters
EXPERIMENTAL:
-set up experiments that can determine the exact relationship between two variables
-experiments are able to generate "cause and effect" relationships
*independent and dependent variables* - ANSWERINDEPENDENT:
-variable that is adjusted
-the thing that you can control
ex:: If I measure scoring on an exam based on hours of sleep then the hours of sleep
would be the independent variable
DEPENDENT:
-variable will change based on the adjustments made
-the thing that changes
-ex: the score on the test would be dependent
BOTH:
-dependent: pill to help me loose weight
-independent: i can control -- the weight loss
*assimilation and accommodation* - ANSWER-These are the two basic ways that
the brain will adapt to different information
ASSIMILATION:
-uses our existing schemes to make sense of the information we perceive
ACCOMMODATION:
-changes our existing schemes to accommodate or "fit in" the new information
*experiment* - ANSWER-the investigator manipulates at least one independent
variable
-random selection and assignment of subjects to experiment treatments
-compare treatment groups with one or more control groups on at least one
dependent variable
*interpreting correlation coefficients* - ANSWER-maximum value of correlation is 1.0
in either a positive or negative direction
, -if correlation is +.8 then there is a positive relationship with a strength of .8 (pretty
high)
-if one of the variables increases then the other one should increase as well
-correlation coefficient of -.8 is a strong negative correlation meaning that when one
variable increases the other one is going to decrease
-keep in mind that both of these examples have the same correlational strength of .8,
but the directionality has changed.
*positive and negative correlations* - ANSWERPOSITIVE:
-increase in one variable is associated with an increase in another variable
-ex: radius of circle & its circumfrance
NEGATIVE:
-an increase in one variable is associated with a decrease in another varaible
-ex: number of minutes of daylight each day and the number of night hours
*human development* - ANSWER1)Physical:
-physiological changes over time
2)Personal:
-changes in personality that take place as one grows
3)Social:
-changes over time in the way that we relate to others
-social transmission
-older people are wiser and they tell you stuff
4)Cognitive:
-gradual orderly changes by which or mental processes become more complex and
sophisticated
*random assignment* - ANSWER-a method used in experimental design to get a
representative sample size
-if I were to pick 100 people directly out of a group of 1000 then it wouldn't be
random, but if I were to draw names out of a hat then it would be random and it
would be more representative
*statistically significant findings* - ANSWER-for experimental findings to be
considered statistically significant they have to have a low probability or "p" of
happening by chance
-if there is a high probability that the same results could be replicated based on
chance then the p value is high and vice versa
-increasing the sample size helps to reduce the p value
*equilibrium and disequilibrium* - ANSWEREQUILIBRIUM:
-the act of searching for balance
-If you can apply your preexisting scheme to a situation and the scheme works then
you are in a state of equilibrium
DISEQUILIBRIUM:
-is when the scheme does not apply to the specific situation
-tends to make us uncomfortable and our brain will assimilate or accommodate to
get back to a state of equilibrium
AS A TEACHER:
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS(GRADED
A+)
*What is unique about Educational Psychology?* - ANSWER-the research has a
very strong focus in educational environments, studying how children develop
through schooling and how certain disabilities will affect the acquisition of knowledge
*descriptive research vs. experimental designs* - ANSWERDESCRIPTIVE:
-builds correlation by observing
-only capable of building correlation because variables are not allowed to be isolated
without certain experimental parameters
EXPERIMENTAL:
-set up experiments that can determine the exact relationship between two variables
-experiments are able to generate "cause and effect" relationships
*independent and dependent variables* - ANSWERINDEPENDENT:
-variable that is adjusted
-the thing that you can control
ex:: If I measure scoring on an exam based on hours of sleep then the hours of sleep
would be the independent variable
DEPENDENT:
-variable will change based on the adjustments made
-the thing that changes
-ex: the score on the test would be dependent
BOTH:
-dependent: pill to help me loose weight
-independent: i can control -- the weight loss
*assimilation and accommodation* - ANSWER-These are the two basic ways that
the brain will adapt to different information
ASSIMILATION:
-uses our existing schemes to make sense of the information we perceive
ACCOMMODATION:
-changes our existing schemes to accommodate or "fit in" the new information
*experiment* - ANSWER-the investigator manipulates at least one independent
variable
-random selection and assignment of subjects to experiment treatments
-compare treatment groups with one or more control groups on at least one
dependent variable
*interpreting correlation coefficients* - ANSWER-maximum value of correlation is 1.0
in either a positive or negative direction
, -if correlation is +.8 then there is a positive relationship with a strength of .8 (pretty
high)
-if one of the variables increases then the other one should increase as well
-correlation coefficient of -.8 is a strong negative correlation meaning that when one
variable increases the other one is going to decrease
-keep in mind that both of these examples have the same correlational strength of .8,
but the directionality has changed.
*positive and negative correlations* - ANSWERPOSITIVE:
-increase in one variable is associated with an increase in another variable
-ex: radius of circle & its circumfrance
NEGATIVE:
-an increase in one variable is associated with a decrease in another varaible
-ex: number of minutes of daylight each day and the number of night hours
*human development* - ANSWER1)Physical:
-physiological changes over time
2)Personal:
-changes in personality that take place as one grows
3)Social:
-changes over time in the way that we relate to others
-social transmission
-older people are wiser and they tell you stuff
4)Cognitive:
-gradual orderly changes by which or mental processes become more complex and
sophisticated
*random assignment* - ANSWER-a method used in experimental design to get a
representative sample size
-if I were to pick 100 people directly out of a group of 1000 then it wouldn't be
random, but if I were to draw names out of a hat then it would be random and it
would be more representative
*statistically significant findings* - ANSWER-for experimental findings to be
considered statistically significant they have to have a low probability or "p" of
happening by chance
-if there is a high probability that the same results could be replicated based on
chance then the p value is high and vice versa
-increasing the sample size helps to reduce the p value
*equilibrium and disequilibrium* - ANSWEREQUILIBRIUM:
-the act of searching for balance
-If you can apply your preexisting scheme to a situation and the scheme works then
you are in a state of equilibrium
DISEQUILIBRIUM:
-is when the scheme does not apply to the specific situation
-tends to make us uncomfortable and our brain will assimilate or accommodate to
get back to a state of equilibrium
AS A TEACHER:
