POSC 201 FINAL EXAM | 274 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS | WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION!!
what are the two question plato brings up in the republic? Answer - 1. what is
justice?
2. what is more advantageous; justice or injustice?
socrates-politics is not essentially about _____ Answer - socrates-politics is not
essentially about power
how does socrates define justice? Answer - there are three parts of the soul
(appetitive, spirited, reason) and justice is the harmony of all three working for
the rational element of the soul
justice is best for the whole community, not just the stronger
what causes the city to be feverish? and what is the cure for the fever? Answer
- injustice and luxurious needs are the fever and politicians are the cure
why is socrates definition of justice different from the rest of the men? Answer
- because it seems to be that he believes justice is good for everybody, the rest
of the men seem to think it is the good for individuals
What is the myth of Gyges Answer - Plato's story which considers the question,
"Why be moral?"
,a just man is given a ring to be invisible. he can now act unjustly with no fear of
reprisal. glaucon claims that everyone would act unjustly in this situation. this
shows that justice is not desirable in itself but people act justly because they
are afraid of punishment
What is the Myth of the Metals? Answer - three metals (bronze, silver, and
gold) represent low to high classes respectively.
bronze: producers and distributers, appetitive/desire part of soul, temperance
and self-mastery
silver:warriors, spirited part of soul, courage and bravery
gold: philosopher rulers, reason part of soul, wisdom
what is the parable of the true captain? Answer - the people are the
shipowners
the city is the ship
the crew are the sophists and the politicians
the captains are the philosophers
the sophists and politicians try to gain control of the ship
what is the dye and wool analogy? Answer - when dyeing wool, it first must be
perfectly groomed in order for the dye to look best.
soldiers must be trained the same way so they are perfectly prepared
what is the simile of the large and powerful animal? Answer - sophists teach
opinion and call it wisdom
,the keeper believes that he is in control of the beast, however he is enslaved to
the beast's desires like the sophists to the people
the sophists do whatever to please the people and be liked
in the republic, what is the divided line? Answer - the visible world versus the
intelligible world
the visible includes: belief, perception, and image making
the intelligible includes: understanding, reason, and thinking
what is the simile of the sun? Answer - the sun is the good
it provides visibility of objects and also nurtures them
What is the allegory of the cave? Answer - Story of a man chained to rock with
light and shadows on the rock wall in front of him. All he knew were the
shadows. Then one day he is freed and when he walks into the light it is a
whole new world. The chained man seeing shadows is society. The new world
is heaven or how we should interpret the world.
what we think is real is only a small part of reality
thrasymachus and sophists are still in the cave
only philosophers leave the cave.
What are the cardinal virtues? Answer - Wisdom, courage, temperance, justice
What is Plato's Theory of Forms? Answer - Plato's Theory of Forms maintains
that there are two distinct levels of reality - the visible world and the intelligible
world. The Theory of Forms differentiates the abstract world of thought from
the world of the senses.
, perfect form exists only in the mind, imperfect forms exist in reality
Who are the guardians? Answer - they are the philosopher-rulers of the city
what are the proposed reforms by socrates for the polis Answer - 1. guardians
do not possess private property
2. women and men share power
3. no private families
4. philosophers rule
What is the form of the polis? Answer - ideal city is based on needs and not
unnecessary desires.
people do what they are best at and their social place corresponds with their
soul.
what are platos lessons regarding politics (based off of socrates' proposed
reform Answer - 1. political power and private wealth are separate
2. superficial differences are irrelevant
3. public good and private interest are separate
4. reason must guide power
what are the three imperfect cities and their characteristics?
rulers/reason/wisdom/pursuit of justice Answer - timocracy/timocratic
persons/spirited/honor and victory
oligarchy/oligarchs/appetitive/wealth
democracy/democratic persons/appetitive/love of unnecessary needs
ANSWERS | WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION!!
what are the two question plato brings up in the republic? Answer - 1. what is
justice?
2. what is more advantageous; justice or injustice?
socrates-politics is not essentially about _____ Answer - socrates-politics is not
essentially about power
how does socrates define justice? Answer - there are three parts of the soul
(appetitive, spirited, reason) and justice is the harmony of all three working for
the rational element of the soul
justice is best for the whole community, not just the stronger
what causes the city to be feverish? and what is the cure for the fever? Answer
- injustice and luxurious needs are the fever and politicians are the cure
why is socrates definition of justice different from the rest of the men? Answer
- because it seems to be that he believes justice is good for everybody, the rest
of the men seem to think it is the good for individuals
What is the myth of Gyges Answer - Plato's story which considers the question,
"Why be moral?"
,a just man is given a ring to be invisible. he can now act unjustly with no fear of
reprisal. glaucon claims that everyone would act unjustly in this situation. this
shows that justice is not desirable in itself but people act justly because they
are afraid of punishment
What is the Myth of the Metals? Answer - three metals (bronze, silver, and
gold) represent low to high classes respectively.
bronze: producers and distributers, appetitive/desire part of soul, temperance
and self-mastery
silver:warriors, spirited part of soul, courage and bravery
gold: philosopher rulers, reason part of soul, wisdom
what is the parable of the true captain? Answer - the people are the
shipowners
the city is the ship
the crew are the sophists and the politicians
the captains are the philosophers
the sophists and politicians try to gain control of the ship
what is the dye and wool analogy? Answer - when dyeing wool, it first must be
perfectly groomed in order for the dye to look best.
soldiers must be trained the same way so they are perfectly prepared
what is the simile of the large and powerful animal? Answer - sophists teach
opinion and call it wisdom
,the keeper believes that he is in control of the beast, however he is enslaved to
the beast's desires like the sophists to the people
the sophists do whatever to please the people and be liked
in the republic, what is the divided line? Answer - the visible world versus the
intelligible world
the visible includes: belief, perception, and image making
the intelligible includes: understanding, reason, and thinking
what is the simile of the sun? Answer - the sun is the good
it provides visibility of objects and also nurtures them
What is the allegory of the cave? Answer - Story of a man chained to rock with
light and shadows on the rock wall in front of him. All he knew were the
shadows. Then one day he is freed and when he walks into the light it is a
whole new world. The chained man seeing shadows is society. The new world
is heaven or how we should interpret the world.
what we think is real is only a small part of reality
thrasymachus and sophists are still in the cave
only philosophers leave the cave.
What are the cardinal virtues? Answer - Wisdom, courage, temperance, justice
What is Plato's Theory of Forms? Answer - Plato's Theory of Forms maintains
that there are two distinct levels of reality - the visible world and the intelligible
world. The Theory of Forms differentiates the abstract world of thought from
the world of the senses.
, perfect form exists only in the mind, imperfect forms exist in reality
Who are the guardians? Answer - they are the philosopher-rulers of the city
what are the proposed reforms by socrates for the polis Answer - 1. guardians
do not possess private property
2. women and men share power
3. no private families
4. philosophers rule
What is the form of the polis? Answer - ideal city is based on needs and not
unnecessary desires.
people do what they are best at and their social place corresponds with their
soul.
what are platos lessons regarding politics (based off of socrates' proposed
reform Answer - 1. political power and private wealth are separate
2. superficial differences are irrelevant
3. public good and private interest are separate
4. reason must guide power
what are the three imperfect cities and their characteristics?
rulers/reason/wisdom/pursuit of justice Answer - timocracy/timocratic
persons/spirited/honor and victory
oligarchy/oligarchs/appetitive/wealth
democracy/democratic persons/appetitive/love of unnecessary needs
