Adult Health III Exam Questions and Answers Grade A+
A 79-yr-old patient has been admitted with benign prostatic hyperplasia. What is
most appropriate to include in the nursing plan of care?
a. Limit fluid intake to no more than 1000 mL/day.
b. Leave a light on in the bathroom during the night.
c. Ask the patient to use a urinal so that urine can be measured.
d. Pad the patient's bed to accommodate overflow incontinence. - Answer-b.
Leave a light on in the bathroom during the night.
The patient's age and diagnosis indicate a liklihood of nocturia, so leaving a light
on in the bathroom is appropriate. Fluids should be encouraged because
dehydration is more common in older patients. the information in the question
does not indicate that measurement of the patient's output is necessary or that
the patient has overflow incontinence.
A female patient with a suspected urinary tract infection (UTI) is to provide a
clean-catch urine specimen for culture and sensitivity testing. To obtain the
speciment, the nurse will
a. Have the patient empty the bladder completely; obtain the next urine specimen
that the patient is able to void.
b. Teach the patient to clean the urethral area, void a small amount into the toilet,
and then void into a sterile specimen cup.
c. insert a short sterile "mini" catheter attached to a collecting container into the
urethra and bladder to obtain the specimen.
,d. clean the area around the meatus with a povidone-iodine (Betadine) swab and
then have the patient void into a sterile container. - Answer-b. Teach the patient to
clean the urethral area, void a small amount into the toilet, and then void into a
sterile specimen cup.
This answer describes the technique for obtaining a clean-catch specimen. The
answer beginning, "insert a short, small "mini" catheter attached to a collecting
container" describes a technique that would result in a sterile specimen, but a
health care provider's order for a catheterized specimen would be required. Using
Betadine before obtaining the specimen is not necessary and might result in
suppressing the growth of some bacteria. The technique described in the answer
beginning "have the patient empty the bladder completely" would not result in a
sterile specimen.
Which statement by a patient who had a cytoscopy the previous day should be
reported immediately to the health care provider?
a. "My urine looks pink."
b. "My IV site is bruised."
c. "My sleep was restless."
d. "My temperature is 101." - Answer-d. "My temperature is 101."
The patient's elevated temperature may indicate a bladder infection, a possible
complication of cytoscopy. The health care provider should be notified so that
antibiotic therapy can be started. Pink-tinged urine is expected after a cytoscopy.
The insomnia and bruising should be discussed further with the patient but do not
indicate a need to notify the health care provider.
To determine possible causes, the nurse will ask a patient admitted with acute
glomerulonephritis about
,a. a recent bladder infection.
b. history of kidney stones.
c. recent sore throat and fever.
d. antihypertensives. - Answer-c. recent sore throat and fever.
Acute glomerulonephritis frequently occurs after a streptococcal infection such as
strep throat.
The nurse will anticipate teaching a patient with nephrotic syndrome who
develops flank pain about treatment with
a. antibiotics
b. antifungals
c. anticoagulants
d. antihypertensives - Answer-c. anticoagulants
Flank pain in a patient with nephrotic syndrome suggests a renal vein thrombosis
and anticoagulation is needed. Antibiotics are used to treat a patient with flank
pain caused by pyelonephritis. Fungal pyelonephritis is uncommon and is treated
with antifungals. Antihypertensives are used if the patient has high blood
pressure.
The nurse will plan to teach a 27-yr-old woman who smokes two packs of
cigarettes daily about the increased risk for
a. kidney stones
, b. bladder cancer
c. bladder infection
d. interstitial cystitis - Answer-b. bladder cancer
Cigarette smoking is a risk factor for bladder cancer. The patient's risk for
developing interstitial cystitis, urinary tract infection, or kidney stones will not be
reduced by quitting smoking.
Following rectal surgery, a patient voids about 50 mL of urine every 30 to 60
minutes for the first 4 hours. Which nursing action is most appropriate?
a. Monitor the patient's intake and output overnight.
b. Have the patient drink small amounts of fluid frequently.
c. Use an ultrasound scanner to check the postvoiding residual volume.
d. Reassure the patient that this is normal after anesthesia for rectal surgery. -
Answer-c. Use an ultrasound scanner to check the postvoiding residual volume.
An ultrasound scanner can be used to check for residual urine after the patient
voids. Because the patient's history and clinical manifestations are consistent with
overflow incontinence, it is not appropriate to have the patient drink small
amounts. Although overflow incontinence is not unusual after surgery, the nurse
should intervene to correct the physiologic problem, not just reassure the patient.
The patient may develop a reflux into the renal pelvis and discomfort from a full
bladder if the nurse waits to address the problem for several hours.
The home health nurse teaches a patient with a neurogenic bladder how to use
intermittent catheterization for bladder emptying. Which patient statement
indicates that the teaching has been effective?
A 79-yr-old patient has been admitted with benign prostatic hyperplasia. What is
most appropriate to include in the nursing plan of care?
a. Limit fluid intake to no more than 1000 mL/day.
b. Leave a light on in the bathroom during the night.
c. Ask the patient to use a urinal so that urine can be measured.
d. Pad the patient's bed to accommodate overflow incontinence. - Answer-b.
Leave a light on in the bathroom during the night.
The patient's age and diagnosis indicate a liklihood of nocturia, so leaving a light
on in the bathroom is appropriate. Fluids should be encouraged because
dehydration is more common in older patients. the information in the question
does not indicate that measurement of the patient's output is necessary or that
the patient has overflow incontinence.
A female patient with a suspected urinary tract infection (UTI) is to provide a
clean-catch urine specimen for culture and sensitivity testing. To obtain the
speciment, the nurse will
a. Have the patient empty the bladder completely; obtain the next urine specimen
that the patient is able to void.
b. Teach the patient to clean the urethral area, void a small amount into the toilet,
and then void into a sterile specimen cup.
c. insert a short sterile "mini" catheter attached to a collecting container into the
urethra and bladder to obtain the specimen.
,d. clean the area around the meatus with a povidone-iodine (Betadine) swab and
then have the patient void into a sterile container. - Answer-b. Teach the patient to
clean the urethral area, void a small amount into the toilet, and then void into a
sterile specimen cup.
This answer describes the technique for obtaining a clean-catch specimen. The
answer beginning, "insert a short, small "mini" catheter attached to a collecting
container" describes a technique that would result in a sterile specimen, but a
health care provider's order for a catheterized specimen would be required. Using
Betadine before obtaining the specimen is not necessary and might result in
suppressing the growth of some bacteria. The technique described in the answer
beginning "have the patient empty the bladder completely" would not result in a
sterile specimen.
Which statement by a patient who had a cytoscopy the previous day should be
reported immediately to the health care provider?
a. "My urine looks pink."
b. "My IV site is bruised."
c. "My sleep was restless."
d. "My temperature is 101." - Answer-d. "My temperature is 101."
The patient's elevated temperature may indicate a bladder infection, a possible
complication of cytoscopy. The health care provider should be notified so that
antibiotic therapy can be started. Pink-tinged urine is expected after a cytoscopy.
The insomnia and bruising should be discussed further with the patient but do not
indicate a need to notify the health care provider.
To determine possible causes, the nurse will ask a patient admitted with acute
glomerulonephritis about
,a. a recent bladder infection.
b. history of kidney stones.
c. recent sore throat and fever.
d. antihypertensives. - Answer-c. recent sore throat and fever.
Acute glomerulonephritis frequently occurs after a streptococcal infection such as
strep throat.
The nurse will anticipate teaching a patient with nephrotic syndrome who
develops flank pain about treatment with
a. antibiotics
b. antifungals
c. anticoagulants
d. antihypertensives - Answer-c. anticoagulants
Flank pain in a patient with nephrotic syndrome suggests a renal vein thrombosis
and anticoagulation is needed. Antibiotics are used to treat a patient with flank
pain caused by pyelonephritis. Fungal pyelonephritis is uncommon and is treated
with antifungals. Antihypertensives are used if the patient has high blood
pressure.
The nurse will plan to teach a 27-yr-old woman who smokes two packs of
cigarettes daily about the increased risk for
a. kidney stones
, b. bladder cancer
c. bladder infection
d. interstitial cystitis - Answer-b. bladder cancer
Cigarette smoking is a risk factor for bladder cancer. The patient's risk for
developing interstitial cystitis, urinary tract infection, or kidney stones will not be
reduced by quitting smoking.
Following rectal surgery, a patient voids about 50 mL of urine every 30 to 60
minutes for the first 4 hours. Which nursing action is most appropriate?
a. Monitor the patient's intake and output overnight.
b. Have the patient drink small amounts of fluid frequently.
c. Use an ultrasound scanner to check the postvoiding residual volume.
d. Reassure the patient that this is normal after anesthesia for rectal surgery. -
Answer-c. Use an ultrasound scanner to check the postvoiding residual volume.
An ultrasound scanner can be used to check for residual urine after the patient
voids. Because the patient's history and clinical manifestations are consistent with
overflow incontinence, it is not appropriate to have the patient drink small
amounts. Although overflow incontinence is not unusual after surgery, the nurse
should intervene to correct the physiologic problem, not just reassure the patient.
The patient may develop a reflux into the renal pelvis and discomfort from a full
bladder if the nurse waits to address the problem for several hours.
The home health nurse teaches a patient with a neurogenic bladder how to use
intermittent catheterization for bladder emptying. Which patient statement
indicates that the teaching has been effective?
